392 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089211051640 - Supplemental material for Numerical assessment of hydrodynamic and mixing characteristics for mixed electroosmotic and pressure-driven flow through a wavy microchannel with patchwise surface heterogeneity
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089211051640 for Numerical assessment of hydrodynamic and mixing characteristics for mixed electroosmotic and pressure-driven flow through a wavy microchannel with patchwise surface heterogeneity by Kasavajhula Naga Vasista, Sumit Kumar Mehta and Sukumar Pati in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</p
Characterization of Glass Fibre Reinforced Elastomeric Nanocomposites with Different Loading Levels of Nano Filler
No full textM.E. (Production and Industrial)Polymer nanocomposite is very attractive field of research and a lot of work is going on across the
world in this area. But it is a considerable fact that research work on elastomers is still in its infant
stage. As we know that elastomers are used in many engineering applications. So its intense
investigation by intercalation of micro and nano particles can lead to valuable products which can
replace the neat elastomer with improved properties at low cost.
Here we chose the most widely used rubber i.e. Ethylene Propylene Diene Elastomer (EPDM) for
my research work. EPDM/OMMT clay nanocomposites have been synthesized by solution
intercalation method using organically modified montmorillonite clay and then glass fibre
reinforcement was done to this EPDM/OMMT clay nano composite. Characterization of the
prepared specimens at different loading levels of clay (viz. 2 percentage weight, 3 percentage
weight and 5 percentage weight) was done by checking the mechanical properties (tensile strength
and bending strength), solvent swelling behavior, intermolecular dispersion through XRD & SEM
and thermal stability through TGA apparatus. Comparative study between glass fibre reinforced
pure EPDM speciemen and EPDM/ clay nano composite specimens has been done in my thesis
work. It has been found that this tensile strength of 3 percentage weight clay exhibited very high
gain as compared to neat EPDM specimen. The flexural strength and modulus are also higher for
EPDM/clay hybrids than that of neat EPDM. Thermal stability of nano composites are also
improved shown by TGA result
Programmed exosome fusion for energy generation in living cells
No full text© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.Biological membrane-enclosed organelles are fascinating examples of spatially confined nanoreactors for biocatalytic transformations such as cascade reactions involving multiple enzymes; however, the fabrication of their synthetic mimics remains a considerable challenge. Here we demonstrate supramolecular chemistry-based bridging of two membranes leading to controlled fusion of exosomes that act as nanoreactors for effective biocatalytic cascades, with prolonged functionality inside of living cells. Exosome membrane proteins were chemically engineered with a catechol moiety to drive fusion by supramolecular complexation to bridge the membranes. This strategy successfully encapsulated multiple enzymes and assembled the minimal electron transport chain in the plasma membrane, leading to tuneable, enhanced catalytic cascade activity capable of ATP synthesis inside of tissue spheroids. This nanoreactor was functional for many hours after uptake into living cells, showed successful penetration into tissue spheroids and repaired the damaged region by supplying ATP, all of which represent an advance in the mimicking of nature’s own organelles. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].11Nsciescopu
A fidget spinner for the point-of-care diagnosis of urinary tract infection
No full text© 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.The point-of-care detection of pathogens in biological samples in resource-limited settings should be inexpensive, rapid, portable, simple and accurate. Here, we describe a custom-made fidget spinner that rapidly concentrates pathogens in 1-ml samples of undiluted urine by more than 100-fold for the on-device colorimetric detection of bacterial load and pathogen identification. In Tiruchirappalli, India, the device enabled the on-site detection of infection with the naked eye within 50 min in urine samples from 39 patients suspected of having a urinary tract infection. We also show that, in 30 clinical samples of urinary tract infection, the device can be used to perform an antimicrobial susceptibility test for the antimicrobial drugs ciprofloxacin and cefazolin within 120 min. The fidget spinner could be used in low-resource settings as an inexpensive handheld point-of-care device for the rapid concentration and detection of pathogens in urine sample
Hypertension in pregnancy: A community-based study
No full textBackground: Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy occur in women with preexisting primary or secondary chronic hypertension, and in women who develop new-onset hypertension in the second half of pregnancy. The present study was undertaken to study the prevalence and correlates of hypertension in pregnancy in a rural block of Haryana. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the all 20 subcenters under Community Health Center (CHC) Chiri, Block Lakhanmajra. All the pregnant women registered at the particular subcenter at a point of time of visit were included in the study. Appropriate statistical tests were used for analysis. Results: A total of 931 pregnant women were included in the present study. Prevalence of hypertension in pregnancy was found to be 6.9%. Maternal age 25 years, gestational period ͳ20 weeks, history of cesarean section, history of preterm delivery, and history of hypertension in previous pregnancy were found to be significantly associated with prevalence of hypertension in pregnancy. Conclusion: Nearly one in 14 pregnant women in rural areas of Haryana suffers from a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. Early diagnosis and treatment through regular antenatal checkup is a key factor to prevent hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and its complications
Expanding Dimensions Of Test Management For Object Oriented Software Author – Sumit Kumar
No full textThe role of Test Management in the software industry has not remained the same. Few years back, testing was rarely present in the checklist of Project Manager. The strategic elements of business have guided software industry towards the realization of impact of quality in this industry. The growing complexity of today’s application, combined with increased pressure and skyrocketing costs of application failure and downtime have catapulted the need for a process, which can be effectively used for achieving desired quality level. Evolution of Test Management as a process has provided the solution to the industry. Ground rules have been laid down under Test Management process and organizations are trying to synchronize this process with their business goals by selecting the most suitable Test Model. But, in this race for Quality, an important aspect of testing has been ignored. Present Test Management process has been identified and established at syntactic level where emphasis is on testing the code. The growing need of Quality in busines
Redox-Responsive Nanocapsules for the Spatiotemporal Release of Miltefosine in Lysosome: Protection against Leishmania
No full textLeishmaniasis, a vector-borne disease, is caused by intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani. Unlike most intracellular pathogens, Leishmania donovani are lodged in parasitophorous vacuoles and replicate within the phagolysosomes in macrophages. Effective vaccines against this disease are still under development, while the efficacy of the available drugs is being questioned owing to the toxicity for nonspecific distribution in human physiology and the reported drug-resistance developed by Leishmania donovani. Thus, a stimuli-responsive nanocarrier that allows specific localization and release of the drug in the lysosome has been highly sought after for addressing two crucial issues, lower drug toxicity and a higher drug efficacy. We report here a unique lysosome targeting polymeric nanocapsules, formed via inverse mini-emulsion technique, for stimuli-responsive release of the drug miltefosine in the lysosome of macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line. A benign polymeric backbone, with a disulfide bonding susceptible to an oxidative cleavage, is utilized for the organelle-specific release of miltefosine. Oxidative rupture of the disulfide bond is induced by intracellular glutathione (GSH) as an endogenous stimulus. Such a stimuli-responsive release of the drug miltefosine in the lysosome of macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line over a few hours helped in achieving an improved drug efficacy by 200 times as compared to pure miltefosine. Such a drug formulation could contribute to a new line of treatment for leishmaniasis.A. Das acknowledges SERB (India) Grants (CRG/2020/000492 and JCB/2017/000004) and DBT Grant (BT/PR22251/NNT/28/1274/2017) for supporting this research. N. Mukherjee acknowledges SERB (India) Grant PDF/2016/001437 and K. Das acknowledges the grant EMR/2015/001674 for supporting this research. Financial support from DST (DST/INSPIRE/03/2017/002477) is acknowledged by R.T. This manuscript bears CSMCRI registration no 7/2021.Pramanik, SK (corresponding author), CSIR Cent Salt & Marine Chem Res Inst, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India.
Mukherjee, N (corresponding author), CSIR Indian Inst Chem Biol, Canc Biol & Inflammatory Disorder Div, Kolkata 700032, India.
Chattopadhy, S (corresponding author), BITS Pilani, Pilani 403726, Goa, India.
Das, A (corresponding author), Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, W Bengal, India.
[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
AC Electrothermal Effect Promotes Enhanced Solute Mixing in a Wavy Microchannel
No full textFor liquids used in biological applications, a smaller
diffusion
coefficient results in a longer mixing time. We discuss, in this endeavor,
the promising potential of the AC electrothermal (ACET) effect toward
modulating enhanced mixing of electrolytic liquids with higher convective
strength in a novel wavy micromixer. To this end, we develop a modeling
framework and numerically solve the pertinent transport equations
in a three-dimensional (3D) configuration numerically. By benchmarking
the developed modeling framework with the experimental results available
in this paradigm, we aptly demonstrate the maximum temperature rise,
flow topology, species concentration field, and mixing efficiency
in the proposed configuration for a set of parameters pertinent to
this analysis. We find that the maximum temperature increase in the
wavy micromixer, owing to the electrothermal effect, is less than
10 K even for the higher strength of the applied voltage, implying
nondegradation of biological substances within the liquid sample.
We report that the formation of significant lateral flow closer to
the electrodes leads to a highly three-dimensional ACET flow field,
which has a significant impact on the mixing efficiency for the range
of diffusive Peclet numbers considered. We also report that the wave
amplitude of the mixer, when intervening with the diffusive Peclet
number, strongly impacts the mixing efficiency. As witnessed in this
endeavor, for the smaller diffusive Peclet number, the mixing efficiency
increases with amplitude, while the effect becomes the opposite for
the higher Peclet number. The results of this study seem to provide
an adequate basis for the design of a novel micromixer intended for
enhanced solute mixing in realistic microfluidic applications
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