30 research outputs found
The effects of zoledronic acid treatment on depression and quality of life in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: A clinical trial study
No full textBackground: Osteoporosis affects quality of life (QoL) and may lead to depression in women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) treatment on depression and QoL in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO). Materials and Methods: A total of 88 newly diagnosed women with PO were included in this study. All patients were treated with once-yearly ZA (5 mg). A QoL questionnaire from the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and Beck Depression Inventory were given to patients at baseline and at 12 months. The results for baseline and post - 12th month were compared, and bone mineral density (BMD) levels were compared. Results: The consumption of once-yearly ZA (5 mg) treatment increases BMD at levels of lumbers 1–4 (P = 0.026), total Hip T score's P value is same as femoral neck (P: 0,033). ZA 5 mg treatment also improved QoL (P = 0.001) and reduced depression (P = 0.001). Conclusion: ZA treatment increases BMD levels and QoL while reducing depression. Once-yearly ZA (5 mg) may be considered for postmenopausal women as a first-line treatment
Near-Optimal Feedback Guidance for Low-Thrust Earth Orbit Transfers
No full textThis research proposes a near-optimal feedback guidance based on nonlinear control for low-thrust Earth orbit transfers. For the numerical simulations, two flight conditions are defined: (i) nominal conditions and (ii) nonnominal conditions that account for the orbit injection errors and the stochastic failures of the propulsion system. Condition (ii) is studied through an extensive Monte Carlo Analysis, to demonstrate the nonlinear feedback guidance’s numerical stability andconvergence properties. To illustrate the performance under both conditions, an orbit transfer from low Earth orbit to geostationary orbit is considered. Near-optimality of the feedback guidance comes from carefully selecting the nonlinear control gains. Comparison of the transfer with an existing study that uses optimal control reveals that orbit transfers based on feedback orbit control are very close to the optimal solution.Control & Simulatio
Error Analysis of Turkish EFL Learners: A Case Study
No full textAbstractWhat foreign language learners can do and cannot do could reveal important messages to language teachers about what is happening in their interlanguage. Therefore, this study aims to find out the types and frequency of learners⿿ written errors in the final examination of the English course at a state university research center. The participants were 32 elementary level students who participated in English courses for three months. They were taught certain lexico-grammatical structures in each unit and given a writing assignment related to the vocabulary and grammatical structures taught. In the final exam, there were three different topics and the students were expected to choose one of them and write a paragraph. The participants⿿ errors in the final examination were identified and the interview data questioning their feelings about their writing assignments and the feedback sessions were analyzed with content analysis while demographic variables were analyzed with SPSS 16. The error categories include prepositions, verbs, articles, sentence structure, punctuation, gerunds, pluralism, possessives and word choice. In addition, the categories were divided into sub-categories like omission, overuse and misuse. The results offer important insights into what kind of errors Turkish EFL learners make and their attempts to make inferences about the target language. Interview results also promote various perspectives for English language teachers how to treat learner errors
Online teaching practicum procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish EFL context
No full textThis case study aimed to reveal the reflections of pre-service English teachers on online teaching practicum procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish EFL context. There were 20 participants, and the data were gathered through an online interview form. The interview items focused on course requirements, observation Taşks, mentor-supervisor feedback, and benefits and challenges of online teaching procedures. The gathered data were subjected to summative content analysis and the results indicated that although the participants mentioned various professional gains, the challenges of online teaching practicum experiences outweighed its benefits. In light of the findings, it can be claimed that relevant stakeholders can be offered training about online teaching practices, and the existing infrastructure can be improved in the form of hybrid settings in order to facilitate transition to online educational platforms and to improve university-school collaboration in the future. © The Author(s) 2023
Negative differential resistance observation and a new fitting model for electron drift velocity in GaN-based heterostructures
No full textThe aim of this paper is an investigation of electric field-dependent drift velocity characteristics for Al0.3Ga0.7N/AlN/GaN heterostructures without and with in situ Si3N4 passivation. The nanosecond-pulsed current-voltage ( {I}-{V} ) measurements were performed using a 20-ns applied pulse. Electron drift velocity depending on the electric field was obtained from the {I}-{V} measurements. These measurements show that a reduction in peak electron velocity from \text {2.01} \times \text {10}^{\text {7}} to \text {1.39} \times \text {10}^{\text {7}} cm/s after in situ Si3N4 passivation. Also, negative differential resistance regime was observed which begins at lower fields with the implementation of in situ Si3N4 passivation. In our samples, the electric field dependence of drift velocity was measured over 400 kV/cm due to smaller sample lengths. Then, a well-known fitting model was fitted to our experimental results. This fitting model was improved in order to provide an adequate description of the field dependence of drift velocity. It gives reasonable agreement with the experimental drift velocity data up to 475 kV/cm of the electric field and could be used in the device simulators.Manuscript received September 3, 2017; revised November 24, 2017 and December 26, 2017; accepted January 15, 2018. Date of publication February 8, 2018; date of current version February 22, 2018. This work was supported in part by the International Bilateral Research Project between RFBR and TUBITAK under Project 113F364, in part by the Projects DPT-HAMIT, DPT-FOTON, NATO-SET-193, and TUBITAK through the Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Turkey under Project 113E331, Project 109A015, and Project 109E301, in part by the Distinguished Young Scientist Award of Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA-GEBIP 2016), and in part by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation with the unique identifier of the project RFMEFI57717X0250. The work of E. Özbay was supported by the Turkish Academy of Sciences. The review of this paper was arranged by Editor K. Kalna. (Corresponding author: Gökhan Atmaca.) G. Atmaca, P. Narin, E. Kutlu, and S. B. Lis¸esivdin are with the Lisesivdin Research Group, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Gazi University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey (e-mail: gokhanatmaca@ kuark.org)
“Thinking about drinking tea but not drinking tea”: Pre-service English teacher education during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish EFL context
No full textThis phenomenological research aimed to investigate the reflections of 34 pre-service English teachers and 31 lecturers on distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. An online interview form was employed as data collection tool. The participants were Şent the online form to collect their reflections on their online learning/teaching experiences during the pandemic. These reflections were analysed using phenomenological research steps. At the end of the analyses, distance education was found to be useful for improving the participants’ technological literacy skills and delivering theoretical courses. However, it was found to be inappropriate for practical courses such as teaching practicum and community service practices. Furthermore, the participants used various metaphors to define their online teaching/learning experiences like emergency exit, one-sided mirror, frozen lake, growing in a cage, driving a car, and sky. The participants mostly did not receive any training before using the online platform. In light of the findings, it can be claimed that necessary arrangements should be made to improve the quality of online learning platforms and both pre-service English teachers and their lecturers should receive training to benefit from distance education more effectively. In this way, pre-service English teachers can be better prepared for their future teaching in case of distance education. © The Author(s) 2023
A novel approach for the synthesis of β-keto esters: One-pot reaction of carboxylic acids with chlorosulfonyl isocyanate
No full text© AUTHOR(S).β-Keto esters were synthesized by direct carboxylation of various 4- and 5-oxo-carboxylic acid derivatives in the presence of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate in excellent yield under mild conditions. Additionally, optimization conditions were examined for synthesis β-keto esters. Finally, it has been found that trifluoroacetic acid is efficient in DCM under optimized conditions. This efficient one-pot novel method is very usefull, fair price and easy to handle of β-keto esters
Proxemics and speech acts in intercultural settings: a case study in Turkey
No full textProxemics and speech acts play an important role in nonverbal communication. Thus, this case study aimed to compare university students’ perceptions on proxemic behaviours in terms of three speech acts, namely apologising, thanking and congratulating. There were 60 participants in total. 30 were Turkish students from English Language Teaching (ELT) Department and 30 were foreign students learning Turkish at a state university’s Turkish Language Learning, Research and Application Centre. The data were collected via a semi-structured interview and analysed through summative content analysis. According to the results, various individual, socio-political and non-linguistic factors were found to have an important role in shaping the participants’ perceptions on proxemic behaviours in intercultural settings. Also, the participants referred to various words with different connotations to define these proxemic behaviours with regard to apologising, thanking and congratulating. Finally, the results revealed a framework which includes four factors (frequency, manner, wording, timing) affecting proxemic behaviours while performing these speech acts. The results highlight the need for including cultural components into higher education institutions to promote multicultural education among university students for their future interactions and guide English teachers about how to include proxemics and speech acts in their future teaching practices. © Macquarie University 2022.The author declares that there was no funding for the study
Ergenlik döneminde eğlence amaçlı esrar kullanımının ve subklinik psikoz riskinin, beynin beyaz madde bütünlüğüne ve yapısal bağlantısına etkisi
No full textCataloged from PDF version of article.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-61).The impact of cannabis use on the psychosis risk in the healthy population has been less examined in the literature. Furthermore, previous diffusion tensor imag-ing and structural connectivity studies investigating the effects of cannabis use and psychosis risk offer contradictory results. To address these gaps and inconsistencies in the literature, the author examined whether recreational use of cannabis increases the risk of subclinical psychosis. The author further ex-amined the relationship between recreational cannabis use, subclinical psychosis, and white matter microstructure or structural network connectivity. Twenty-five adolescent cannabis users and 25 demographically matched controls participated in the study. The Cannabis Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) was used to assess cannabis consumption. Subclinical psychosis was evaluated with the Community Assessment of Psychic Experience (CAPE-42) questionnaire. While ROI-based Tract Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) was used to examine white matter integrity in specified region of interests, Structural Connectivity Analysis was performed to examine brain structural topology. White matter integrity was assessed by four diffusion tensor derived measures: fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, and radial diffusivity, while structural network topology was examined by several graph-theory metrics: global efficiency, local efficiency and clustering coefficient. In order to eliminate possible confounding effects of alcohol and to-bacco use, weekly alcohol and daily tobacco consumption were also considered. The findings revealed that cannabis users scored higher on subclinical psychosis compared to non-users. ROI-based TBSS analysis indicated that cannabis use and subclinical psychosis do not affect white matter integrity in corpus collosum and superior longitudinal fasciculus. Similarly, the network connectivity parame-ters were not affected by the recreational cannabis use and psychosis risk. These results might indicate that recreational cannabis use increases the psychosis risk in adolescence, but that recreational cannabis use and subclinical psychosis risk together do not affect white matter microstructure and topology.by Hande Ezgi Atmac
