1,720,964 research outputs found
RotoForm, Robotic Sequential Casting : Toward Material System and Material Programming in Architecture
Get PDFThis dissertation provides a step toward enhancing technology-driven design-to-fabrication procedures in the architecture, engineering, and construction industries. More specifically, it contributes to sustainable manufacturing and innovative robotic fabrication methods in concrete construction.
The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industries are experiencing a growing need to adapt emerging technologies to increase productivity, promote sustainable construction methods, and integrate automation. Although AEC is part of the production sector, it lags far behind other manufacturing industries in technological innovation. Research on computational design and robotic fabrication has examined the ability to build with emergent technologies and data-driven procedures, showing significant progress not only in technological development but also in the knowledge of its use. However, the implementation of these advances and the transfer of knowledge to the industrial sector remain bottlenecks in this field. This need is especially high given the demand for sustainable construction, the scarcity of construction materials, and the AEC industry's significant contribution to carbon emissions. The effective use of technology in AEC requires research methods that, firstly, conceive the implementation of this technology as an integral research element, and secondly, develop integral models that cover all phases from design to construction.
This dissertation considers knowledge transfer as a methodological challenge and subsequently explores technology implementation and automation in architecture and construction through a systematic investigation methodology. The methodology addresses the disciplinary issue of separation between design and fabrication, as well as the bottleneck of technology implementation in the AEC industries, given the heterogeneous landscape of fragmented enterprises in this field.
More precisely, it focuses on precast concrete, robotic fabrication, sustainability, and automation. Since concrete is the most widely used material in the construction industry but also the most destructive, it calls for changes in how architects design, fabricate, and maintain buildings with this material. The methodology enables the systematic development of four interrelated case studies, which generate a heterogeneous palette of solutions within different setups and objectives. The case studies are developed and evaluated based on the criteria of design simulation, machinery and robotic fabrication setup, material development, and implementation framework.
The first case study aims to define the boundaries of RotoForm, a robotic fabrication method for dynamically casting hollow concrete elements. RotoForm is a material system that synthesizes a dynamic concrete casting method, the phase-changing state of concrete, and a hyperelastic formwork system into an integral model.
Following this, Case Studies Two, Three, and Four each address specific challenges in the field of precast concrete. These studies present innovative solutions through technical developments and design-to-fabrication frameworks, all centered around RotoForm. The second case study explores the implementation of RotoForm in collaboration with an industry partner. It targets the development of a robotic fabrication process for large-scale hollow concrete elements as lost formwork. The third case study describes an intersectoral collaboration with a spinoff company in the field of robotic fabrication. The study aims to increase the level of automation through a continuous robotic fabrication setup, from formwork shaping to reinforcement winding to sequential robotic dynamic casting. The fourth case study deals with the challenges of onsite assembly and the need for non-permanency, adaptation, and reconfiguration in architecture. It utilizes the ability of RotoForm for uneven material distribution inside the hollow concrete elements and proposes a material programming system for guided self-assembly.
This dissertation presents fundamental studies on RotoForm, a novel robotic fabrication framework for the sequential dynamic casting of hollow concrete elements. The case studies offer a systematic approach for studying the implementation of this technology as an integral element of research on innovation in AEC. The work proposes a model that explores the relationships among all aspects of the design-to-fabrication process. The research is the result of interdisciplinary collaboration with other engineering fields for technical development and with industry partners for intersectoral implementation. The emphasis on integrated research has brought fundamental architectural design questions closer to the technical challenges of implementing new technologies, paving the way for solutions that can meet our current sustainability needs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Animate Concrete: Materialization of Concrete Element Kinetic Assemblies
No full textAnimate Concrete informs building elements for motion and future reuse. This paper gives technical insight into strategies to reconfigure building systems with lightweight and movable concrete elements. Animate Concrete asks, what if architecture becomes an ever-changing system built with lightweight but heavy-looking elements that can move, assemble and disassemble through a gentle human touch? This vision allows for a versatile space, adaptation, and reconfigurability. Animate Concrete furthermore seeks to provide novel strategies to minimize material consumption for building elements by rotoforming thereby significantly reducing the weight of robotically precast concrete elements
Rotoform - Realization Of Hollow Construction Elements Through Roto-Forming With Hyper-Elastic Membrane Formwork
No full textRoll-Locks: A Fabrication to Self-Assembly Design-Framework for Reusable Discrete Concrete Elements
No full textRoll-Lock is a research project in which building elements are informed for motion and future reuse. This paper gives technical insight into systematically investigating lightweight, hollow, and kinetic concrete elements’ geometrical and physical properties. The massive-looking yet lightweight, hollow, robotically materialized concrete elements are designed to join together, but not permanently. A single person can move and assemble them with their dry-joint, interlocking connection and charged center of mass (CoM) (Fig. 1). The elements are programmed for guided self-assembly, disassembly, and re-assembly through embedded geometrical and physical attributes (Fig. 2). The reconfiguration allows for a more circular approach and reuse of concrete elements in the architectural context. Furthermore, this research seeks to provide novel strategies to save building material resources by rotoforming (Tessmann and Mehdizadeh 2020), thereby minimizing material consumption and significantly reducing the weight of hollow concrete elements (Fig. 4)
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