1,721,051 research outputs found
Evidence for the existence of homolateral and contralateral projections from the substantia nigra to the subthalamic nucleus in the rat
Full text linkHemichorea/ballism is a rare neurological disorder but the crucial involvement of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in its pathophysiology is appreciated since decades. The idiopathic Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder but the key role of the STN in the pathophysiological origin of the parkinsonian state became only recently evident. The STN was believed to exert an inhibitory, probably – GABA-mediated, effect on its projection nuclei, and this belief is one of the major reasons to overlook the involvement of the STN in the parkinsonian pathophysiology. It is now firmly established that the STN projection neurons are glutamatergic, excitatory, and heavily innervate by widely branching axons of the substantia nigra (SN), the internal pallidal segment (GPI), followed by the external pallidal segment (GPE) and the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPN)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Experimental bilateral deep temporal epilepsy. Effects of ablation of one focus and of different brain lesions
No full textUlrich Beck: modernità e cosmopolitismo fra Occidente e non-Occidente
No full textQuesto contributo offre alcune considerazioni su due dei temi centrali della riflessione di Ulrich Beck: la (ri)formulazione dell'idea di modernità nei termini di "seconda modernità"; e la conseguente esigenza di formulazione di un adeguato corredo metodologico e concettuale di impronta cosmopolita per l'analisi di questa nuova condizione della storia dell'umanità.
L'idea di una "seconda modernità", proiettata al di là dei caratteri industriali e delle categorie interpretative della modernità classica, nell'offrire un'alternativa alla tesi dell'avvento di una condizione postmoderna, ne coopta e neutralizza la critica, facendo uso dell'incertezza epistemologica prodotta dalla crisi dei fondamenti scientifici moderni per sancire teoricamente e legittimare un'incertezza sociale a sua volta deterministicamente ricondotta all'avvento di una società – anche globale – del rischio.
La proposta di un cosmopolitismo metodologico come necessario per l'analisi della seconda modernità elude la questione relativa all'inadeguatezza di categorie analitiche metodologicamente nazionaliste per lo studio della prima modernità; e, al tempo stesso, marginalizza o silenzia, eurocentricamente, tanto il ruolo costitutivo del mondo non occidentale nella genealogia intellettuale e istituzionale della modernità, quanto il "lato oscuro" di quest'ultima così come definita dall'Occidente
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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