1,721,005 research outputs found
Post-TB care in the UK: a national survey of existing practice
No full textBackground
TB survivors experience high mortality and long-term morbidity, contributing substantially to the
global TB burden. In the UK, where TB incidence is rising, the scale of post-TB health needs is
unknown and current guidelines do not recommend follow-up. We conducted the first nationwide
survey of UK TB services to assess approaches to post-TB care.
Methods
We conducted a digital survey between February and May 2025 across NHS TB services in all four
nations, targeting specialist clinicians. The questionnaire captured data on types of post-TB
morbidity encountered and current practice. We analysed descriptively and stratified by caseload.
Results
We received responses from 113 of 135 TB services (84%). Most respondents were lead clinicians
(81%), and nearly all (96%) had encountered post-TB morbidity in their patient populations,
including lung disease (82%), social vulnerabilities (79%), and financial issues (66%). High caseload
services (≥30 cases/year) reported more types of morbidity (mean 4.2 vs 2.9; p<0.001). While end of
treatment symptom screening and chest X-rays are routine (>95%), fewer than half of services
perform assessments for broader post-TB sequelae and comorbidities, or provide direct ongoing
medical care (41%). Most services cited staffing (78%), clinic capacity (70%), and funding (59%) as
challenges to post-TB care.
Conclusions
A high proportion of UK TB clinicians recognise post-TB morbidity among their patient groups. TB
services are introducing elements of post-TB care, but provision is heterogenous and often informal,
with multiple resource-related challenges. Robust UK-specific data, stakeholder engagement, and
clear guidance are needed to support post-TB care pathways
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Opportunistic mycobacterial diseases
No full textNon-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are hardy environmental organisms: >200 species have been identified, with highly variable pathogenicity. NTM infection is usually acquired from the environment and can be asymptomatic or associated with pulmonary disease (NTM-PD), particularly in patients with immunocompromise, chronic lung conditions or impaired mucociliary clearance. The incidence of NTM isolates and NTM-PD is rising in resource-rich settings. Diagnosis of NTM-PD requires both positive microbiology and typical clinical and radiological features. Treatment typically requires multidrug therapy for at least 12 months, with a combination of oral, nebulized and intravenous antibiotics depending on the NTM species, severity of disease, drug resistance patterns and treatment response. Surgery can be used for localized refractory disease. Outcomes are highly variable and cure may not be possible. Disease should be managed in specialized multidisciplinary team settings where possible
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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