1,720,994 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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Essays on Health and Economic Outcomes over the Life-Course
Get PDFThis dissertation studies how health and health policies impact economic outcomes like earnings, employment, disability application, and wealth accumulation throughout the life course. The first two chapters focus on the role of childhood health in shaping life-long economic inequality. The third paper focuses on outcomes after disability onset in midlife and the role of employer-sponsored health insurance.
Chapter 1 investigates the role of childhood health on economic outcomes over the life-cycle using uniquely detailed data from the Health and Retirement Study with a linkage to Social Security administrative earnings records. I first present several key facts about the role of childhood health in long-term economic outcomes: childhood health is associated with substantial gaps in earnings and employment throughout the prime working years; gaps peak in midlife when poorer childhood health is associated with a 7.5 percentage point reduction in employment and a reduction of $6,000 in earnings; and these gaps translate to substantial gaps in wealth in retirement. I then implement a quasi-experimental approach using variation in access to the measles vaccine upon its introduction to test for a causal effect of childhood health on later-life economic outcomes. While I find no evidence for a causal link between the measles vaccine and later life outcomes, my results reflect a need to better understand the specific channels through which childhood health effects persist.
Chapter 2 extends on work in Chapter 1 and investigates the role of childhood health in shaping racial economic inequality over the life course. Many of the same structural and systemic barriers that impact racial economic disparities have also produced disparities in child health among Black Americans, and childhood health has consistently been shown to be a predictor of labor market and human capital outcomes later in life. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study with a linkage to Social Security Administration earnings records, I find that poorer childhood health is associated with disproportionately large reductions in earnings and employment for Black respondents over the life course compared to White respondents. In Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions, I find that up to 2.4% of the earnings gap and 12.2% of the employment gap in my sample can be attributed to childhood health, with the contribution being greatest in midlife. Conversely, childhood health has little role in shaping Black wealth or the Black-White wealth gap, likely reflecting the greater influence of other factors in shaping these outcomes. These results highlight a small, but potentially important impact of childhood health as well as the need to continue addressing structural barriers to racial economic equality in the U.S.
Chapter 3 (with Nicole Maestas and Kathleen Mullen) studies the potential for “employment lock”, a phenomenon where individuals are reluctant to leave their current job due to fear of losing their employer-sponsored health insurance coverage, among workers experiencing the onset of a new disability. We use prospective longitudinal data on newly disabled older workers from the Health and Retirement Study to examine the effect of employer sponsorship of health insurance (ESHI) on post-onset employment and disability insurance claiming. We compare outcomes of workers with ESHI and no access to another coverage source immediately prior to onset with outcomes of two comparison groups: individuals with ESHI who also have access to an alternative coverage source, those who are covered by coverage source other than ESHI prior to onset. We find limited evidence of “employment lock” only when restricting to newly disabled older workers. We find no evidence that ESHI impedes application for Social Security Disability Insurance, but ESHI is associated with higher rates of disability receipt for newly disabled older workers.Health Polic
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Pride, Pressures, and Politics of Place: Essays on the Influence of Rurality and Geography on Group Identity, Health Care Access, and Health Communications
No full textPlace matters. Where individuals reside has a substantial impact on their life experiences, their values systems, the way they view and respond to major policy issues, their ability to access health care services, and myriad other aspects of life. This dissertation explores how geography is intrinsically tied to dynamics of group identity, how perceptions of rural Americans influence how providers engage with and coordinate care with rural patients, and how politicians differentially communicate major health policy issues across states and geopolitical boundaries.
In Chapter 1, I conduct an empirical analysis of the association between strength of place-based identity and rural Americans’ policy preferences and political values. A growing body of work has examined the political behavior of rural Americans; however, uncertainty remains about how scholars should operationalize rural identity and how the manifestation of this identity is associated with rural Americans’ views on health and social policy issues salient to the rural experience and important to both major political parties’ national agendas. Using 2020 American National Elections Survey data, this paper presents novel evidence that rural social identity is a unique predictor of several health and social policy views, above and beyond other established affinities and group identities, and that rural identity is distinct from rural residence and rural resentment.
In Chapter 2, my co-authors and I explore how health providers perceive barriers to cancer prevention and care coordination in rural communities. Rural Americans are at disproportionate risk for numerous adverse health outcomes and face barriers to accessing quality health care, including cancer care. Through a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with health providers, nurse navigators, and community health workers serving rural midwestern communities, we evaluate how provider beliefs about barriers facing rural patients influence care recommendations and provider perceptions of patient interactions. We find that provider beliefs and subsequent interactions affect providers’ perception of trust between themselves and their patients, which providers also perceive as influencing whether rural patients are willing to believe providers, adherence to care recommendations, and the information patients are willing to share with providers.
Chapter 3 explores how state and candidate characteristics matter for politicians’ decisions to incorporate substance use issues in campaign advertising. Campaign advertisements serve as a major avenue for candidates to communicate their values, positions, and issue priorities with voters. In recent years, the opioid epidemic and rising rates of substance use more broadly have emerged as a major public health issue across the United States. These issues have gained increased salience in voters’ minds and as policy priorities for elected officials and political candidates. Using Senate and House campaign advertising data across five election cycles (2012 – 2020), I find that congressional candidates running in states with higher overdose mortality rates are more likely to incorporate substance use-related issues into their advertising strategies. I also find that incumbent candidates are more likely to address substance use issues in their campaign advertisements, while at the same time, unlike other major health policy issues, the amount of candidate attention given to substance use issues in campaign advertisements doesn’t clearly fall along partisan lines
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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