2,601 research outputs found
the armed forces in a democratic government
No full textThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2013masterpublishedAfdal Izal Bin MD. Hashim
2D simulation of transient enhanced boron out-diffusion from the base of a SiGe HBT due to an extrinsic base implant
No full textTransient enhanced diffusion of boron in SiGe HBTs is studied by comparing measurements of the temperature dependence of the collector current with the predictions of 2D process and device simulations. The collector current is chosen for modelling because it is extremely sensitive to very small amounts of out-diffusion from the SiGe base, and hence provides a rigorous test for the accuracy of the transient enhanced diffusion models. The SiGe HBT studied incorporates an ion implanted extrinsic base adjacent to the SiGe base, which allows the influence of the implantation damage on the boron diffusion to be studied. The process simulations show that point defects generated by the extrinsic base implant lead to a broadening of the basewidth around the perimeter of the emitter due to transient enhanced diffusion of boron from the SiGe base. This causes parasitic energy barriers to form, which in the worst case, extend laterally several microns from the edge of the extrinsic base. The electrical effect of the transient enhanced diffusion is a decrease in collector current as the emitter geometry is reduced. Transistors with different emitter geometries and undoped SiGe spacer thicknesses are studied and the collector/base reverse bias is varied to modulate the parasitic energy barrier at the collector/base junction. The trends in the measured collector current are in all cases well predicted by a simplified "plus one" transient enhanced diffusion model
Low temperature characterization of Si bipolar junction transistors and Si1-xGex heterojunction bipolar transistors
No full textThis thesis investigates the low temperature characterization of Si bipolar junction transistors and Si1-xGex heterojunction bipolar transistors. Device characteristics are measured between 300K and 200K, and a new analysis method is used for extracting the bandgap narrowing in the base from the temperature dependence of the collector current. Applying the analysis method to Si BJTs with mean base doping concentrations of 1.6x1018cm-3 and 6.3x1018cm-3 gives bandgap narrowing values of 37meV and 47meV due to heavy doping in the base. These values compare with the predicted values of 35meV and 54meV for the model of Klaassen et al. Applying the analysis method to a Si0.88Ge0.12 HBT and a Si0.87Ge0.13 HBT gives bandgap narrowing values of 119meV and 125meV due to the presence of the 12% and 13% Ge respectively. These values compare with the predicted values of 123meV and 128meV for the model of People.One problem in npm SiGe HBTs is boron out-diffusion from the base. Boron dopant that out-diffuses into the emitter and the collector during SiGe growth or subsequent heat treatment results in the formation of parasitic energy barriers at the emitter/base and base/collector junctions. These barriers suppress the injection of electrons from the emitter to the collector which results in reduced collector current. Undoped SiGe spacers can be incorporated at the emitter/base and base/collector junction to contain boron diffusion within the SiGe base, thus eliminating the formation of the parasitic energy barriers. Investigations have been carried out on SiGe HBTs with 5, 10 and 15nm undoped SiGe spacers. The SiGe HBTs with 15nm spacers showed the highest collector current compared to those with 5 and 10nm spacers. This is explained by increasing amounts of boron out-diffusion as the base spacer thickness is reduced. It is also shown that boron out-diffusion is almost completely eliminated in devices with 15nm base spacers but this is not the case for devices with 5 and 10nm spacers. The size of the parasitic energy barrier at the emitter/base and base/collector junctions is quantified. The results show that boron out-diffusion is more critical at the base/collector junction than at the emitter/base junction due to the lower doping concentration in the collector (1x1016cm-3) than in the emitter (1x1018cm-3).</p
Security assessment of FTMSK web server / Md Nazri Hashim
No full textExploitation by attackers whose have breached the network security of some of the world's most vulnerable institutions and organization had become increased every
year including in FTMSK web server, University Technology of MARA (UiTM). Within this type of attention, network security has gone from the as an extra services to the main services in a relatively short period in FTMSK web server. The main purpose is to mitigate security risk and assure that their FTMSK digital assets, especially FTMSK websites and mail server, are in safe and digital environment is become a better condition to the staff and the students. Auditing activities can help to identify the weakness and vulnerabilities in the FTMSK web server at FTMSK to prevent he attacks against it by the hackers or crackers. This idea is, find, identify and fix these weakness or vulnerabilities before the attackers use them against FTMSK computer network system
Lukisan Cahaya Photobooth Enterprise / Mohammad Hafizee Md Hashim
No full textFirst of all, Lukisan Cahaya Photobooth Enterprise is a co-own business. This business consists three (3) employees that will help in the long run regarding the operation and management of the business. The business organization is the backbone of the company itself because the way how we performed our tasks and assignment will bring the highest level of success. The main services that Lukisan Cahaya Photobooth provided is the photography and videography photo booth. While we also have photo album and guest book which is customized based on the customers, with variety of designs and colors to satisfy customer's needs. Our company is located in Bangi, Selangor. There are lots of packages to be offered to the customers and they can simply come in to our office for any consultation or booking
Transkrip wawancara bersama Tuan Omar bin Md Hashim (Omara) tokoh warisan kebangsaan orang hidup / Nur Fathiah Abd Fadzli and Siti Aishah Muhamad Adilfitri
No full textTemubual ini dilakukan bersama Tokoh Warisan Kebangsaan Orang Hidup (WAKOH) - Boria iaitu Tuan Omar Bin Md Hashim. Wawancara ini dikendalikan oleh Siti Aishah Binti Muhamad Adilfitri dan Nur Fathiah Binti Abd Fadzli, pelajar ljazah Sarjana Muda Pengurusan Maklumat, Pengurusan Sistem Maklumat (IM245) semester 5, Fakulti Pengurusan Maklumat, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Kampus Machang, Kelantan. Beliau merupakan Tokoh Warisan Kebangsaan Orang Hidup (WAKOH) - Boria. Temubual ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui, peranan ketua kumpulan Boria Omara serta perjalanan kehidupan beliau dan juga sumbangan yang telah diberikan kepada masyarakat. Temubual ini telah dijalankan secara bersemuka (face-to-face) dengan beliau. Tarikh temubual tersebut adalah 30 Mei 2023 pada 10.12 pagi hingga 1.50 petang. Tuan Omar Bin Md Hashim telah dianugerahkan sebagai Tokoh Warisan Kebangsaan Orang Hidup (WAKOH)- Boria yang disampaikan oleh Jabatan Warisan Negara. Selain itu, beliau juga telah menerima kunjungan daripada Menteri Besar Pulau Pinang, Y.A.B (Yang Amat Berhormat) Tuan Chow Kon Yeow telah membuat kunjungan hormat kepada Tokoh Warisan Kebangsaan Orang Hidup (WAKOH) - Boria, Tuan Omar Bin Md Hashim. Kunjungan hormat ini adalah untuk memberi Anugerah Pencapaian Sepanjang Hayat Georgetown World Heritage kepada beliau di kawasan perumahan beliau sebagai penghargaan kepada beliau sepanjang bergiat seni seperti Boria, Ghazal Parti dan lain-lain. Oleh itu, sumbangan dan sejarah hidup beliau dapat dijadikan sumber inspirasi kepada orang ramai
Integrating user requirements and ergonomics in designing a school workshop workstation / Adila Md Hashim
No full textMany studies showed that schoolchildren and adolescent faced risk of musculoskeletal disorder due to furniture mismatch in school. However, very few studies evaluate the extend of a possible mismatch between school workshop furniture to schoolchildren’s body postures. It may be due to variety of furniture design in school workshop. Furniture mismatch and inappropriate workstation design may contribute to early symptoms of muskuloskeletal disorder and back pain among schoolchildren.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate students’ working postures when using the school workshop’s workstation and recommended an ergonomically workstation design for future school workshop furniture guidelines. This study was carried out at a suburb secondary school in Klang district of Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 320 students aged 13 to 15 years old participated for questionnaire survey. 6 students were randomly selected for physical posture evaluation when using the current workstation. Each student was represented for each age and gender. 260 and 205 students were selected for Kano model and User importance survey respectively to discover user requirement. 145 students participated in anthropometry data measurement using manual and 3 dimension body scanning methods for a new designed workstation. Finally, the Jack simulation software was used to evaluate students’ working postures when interact with the proposed workstation.
Results showed that short students faced higher risks of developing musculoskeletal disorder when using the current workstation regardless the age and gender. Short students has higher scores in physical assessment methods. Kano model and Quality Function Deployment integration analysis indicated that safety application and broad working surface were important requirements for the students. In addition, technical requirement result suggested that design stardard and comfort element were the important features for the proposed design. Finally, the simulation analysis indicated that shorter students have reduced the scores in RULA method significantly. The risk level also changed to lower level when using the proposed workstation.
In conclusion, this study provides some significant insights on the need of workstations evaluation for technical and vocational classroom of secondary schools in Malaysia
Flight delays: a case study of Malaysia airlines / Amirul Ihsan Md Hashim
No full textRapid economic development in Malaysia, accompanied by increased people in travelling by air transport, has resulted in a substantial increase in traffic related problems in airport area. . Most notably it has generated airport congestion and automatically it will affect to the aircraft movement which resulted to flight delays. All airlines company especially in the flight operations are facing the same problems of flight delays in order for aircraft to depart and arrival. There are many causes of flight delays during the operations and it has effected to the other aircraft slots in airport
The development and evaluation of a design thinking module to facilitate creativity among lower secondary school students / Adila Md Hashim
No full textThis study focuses on developing a design thinking module to facilitate creativity among lower secondary school students. The module development is to overcome students' lack of creativity in creating solutions to real-world problems. The study adopted the Design and Development Research in three phases: needs analysis, design and development, and evaluation. A structured interview was used with nine lower secondary school teachers in phase one to identify the needs to develop the module. Content analysis was utilised to determine the relevant themes. As mentioned by the teachers, there is a lack of creativity among lower secondary school students. They also mentioned that design thinking can facilitate students' creativity and agreed that a design thinking module is needed to guide students in executing design thinking in schools. During the second phase, a semi-structured interview based on phenomenology was conducted face-to-face with four design-thinking practitioners. The interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis to decide the content of the module. It was further selected using the design thinking content selection instrument by eight teachers experienced in implementing design thinking in schools. The data was then analysed using the Fuzzy Delphi method to determine experts' consensus on suitable content for lower secondary school students. Once the design thinking module was developed, the four stages of Tessmer formative evaluation were performed to measure and improve its usability. The first stage was conducted with two creativity experts via email. The second stage was conducted face-to-face with two teachers and two students. The third and fourth stages were implemented at a secondary school with eight and thirty-two lower secondary school students, respectively. They used the module to apply design thinking in an actual environment. It was found that the usability of the design thinking module was first rated at 3.76, followed by 3.63 in stage two and 4.43 in stage three. The final usability of the design thinking module was rated at 4.27, indicating good. Meanwhile, students' creativity was assessed based on three indicators; think creatively, work creatively with others and implement innovations. The data retrieved during the formative evaluation's third and fourth stages were based on creativity observation while students executed design challenges. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the design thinking module can facilitate lower secondary school students' creativity and be used as a guide in executing the design thinking approach in schools with close supervision of teachers
The determinants of dividend policy on property and construction companies listed in Malaysia / Sahaida Laily Md Hashim
No full textThis study was attempted to identify the determinants dividend policy on property and construction companies in Malaysia. The dependent variable in this study is dividend paid out ratio while liquidity, profitability, leverage and size of company represent the independent variables for this study. All the data is collected from Osiris Website and it is contain data from 128 companies comprising those two different sectors of companies. All the data also recorded on yearly basis for 15 years, from year 1998 to 2012. Other than that, this study was being tested using Ordinary Least Square Regression (OLS), Random Effect (Breusch Pagan Test), Fixed Effect (Hausman Fixed Effect) and Random Effect Generalized Lease Square Regression (GLS) in order to analyze all the data. The finding shows that leverage and size of firm are not significant with dividend paid out ratio, however other variables which are liquidity and profitability shows a significant relationship with dividend paid out ratio
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