1,046 research outputs found
Protein-Based Delivery Systems for the Nanoencapsulation of Food Ingredients
No full textMany proteins possess functional attributes that make them suitable for the encapsulation of bioactive agents, such as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. This article reviews the state of the art of protein-based nanoencapsulation approaches. The physicochemical principles underlying the major techniques for the fabrication of nanoparticles, nanogels, and nanofibers from animal, botanical, and recombinant proteins are described. Protein modification approaches that can be used to extend their functionality in these nanocarrier systems are also described, including chemical, physical, and enzymatic treatments. The encapsulation, retention, protection, and release of bioactive agents in different protein-based nanocarriers are discussed. Finally, some of the major challenges in the design and fabrication of protein-based delivery systems are highlighted
David Kilcullen and Julian Burnside on tactics in the Iraq War
No full textAustralian-born David Kilcullen was the senior advisor to US General Petraeus during his time in Iraq, advising on counter-insurgency. The implementation of his strategies is now regarded as a major turning point in the war. Kilcullen is now advising the US military in Afghanistan. Here, in a brilliant discussion with human rights lawyer Julian Burnside at the Melbourne Writers Festival, he talks about the ethics and tactics of contemporary warfare.
David Kilcullen is a consultant to the US State Department on counterinsurgency and counterterrorism. He is the author of numerous publications including "The Accidental Guerrilla: Fighting Small Wars in the Midst of a Big One" and "Twenty-Eight Articles", a how to guide for junior commanders involved in counterinsurgency.
Julian Burnside is a human rights barrister and refugee advocate. He is the author of numerous publications and books including "On Privilege" and "Watching Brief: Reflections on Human Rights, Law and Justice".
26 August 2009
 
Applications of Nanoemulsions in Foods
No full textThe current use of nanoemulsions in food products is rather limited, but these colloidal systems hold considerable potential for application in several areas, mainly related to the development of novel functionalities. In particular, the delivery of functional compounds, such as bioactive molecules, micronutrients, colorants, flavorings, or antimicrobial agents, into food and beverage products that naturally do not contain them is highly desired to increase product value by enhancing health benefits, nutritive profile, appearance, aroma, or shelf life. Oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions are simple but effective delivery systems, which can be formulated using natural or naturally derived ingredients and produced using high-throughput operating procedures that are easily scalable. The composition and structure of these nanoemulsions can be carefully controlled to provide the required in-product protection and the desired in-body behavior. In addition, the ability of nanoemulsions to form gels can be exploited in functional food design, where nanoemulsion gels become a constitutive part of the food. © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Food emulsions: principles, practice and techniques/ McClements
No full textxiii, 378 hal: ill, tab; 26 c
Food emulsions: principles, practice and techniques/ McClements
No full textxiii, 378 hal: ill, tab; 26 c
The use of ultrasonics for characterising fats and emulsions
No full textUltrasonics has not found widespread use in the food industry, despite having considerable potential for characterising food materials. This is due to the complexity and diversity of food materials, the lack of suitable instrumentation and a poor understanding of how
ultrasound interacts with many food components. In this work it is shown how a good appreciation of the theories describing ultrasonic propagation in heterogeneous materials, coupled with careful experimental design, leads to many new applications of ultrasonics for characterising fats and emulsions. Ultrasonic measurements were made using either a pulse echo technique (1-10MHz), or a pulse echo interferometric technique (5-55MHz).
The ultrasonic velocities of a series of 0-30% w/w glyceride/oil mixtures and some commercial fats were measured with varying temperature (0-70°C) at 1MHz. Ultrasonic scattering was not important in these systems and so empirical equations or simple (SFC) theoretical formulae could be used to relate the measured velocities to the solid fat contents (SFC) of the samples. There were very significant correlations between the SFCs determined using ultrasonics and those determined using pulsed NMR (r > 0.99), and so ultrasonics should prove a useful adjunct or alternative to NMR. Velocity measurements also proved useful for characterising vegetable oils since the velocity of an oil could be related to its glyceride composition.
The ultrasonic velocity and attenuation of a series of sunflower oil and water emulsions mean were measured with varying frequency (1-55MHz) mean, droplet size (0.1-0.9μm), disperse phase mass fraction (0-0.5) and emulsion type (0/W and W/O). Scattering was significant in these emulsions and could be used to measure their disperse phase mass fractions and particle size distributions. Ultrasonics has important advantages over existing techniques for this type of measurement since it can be used in emulsions which are optically opaque, in a non-intrusive, non-invasive manner
Nanoemulsion-Based Delivery Systems for Polyunsaturated (ω-3) Oils: Formation Using a Spontaneous Emulsification Method
No full textNanoemulsion-based delivery systems are finding increasing utilization to encapsulate lipophilic bioactive components in food, personal care, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, a spontaneous emulsification method was used to fabricate nanoemulsions from polyunsaturated (omega-3) oils, that is, fish oil. This low-energy method relies on formation of fine oil droplets when an oil/surfactant mixture is added to an aqueous solution. The influence of surfactant-to-oil ratio (SOR), oil composition (lemon oil and MCT), and cosolvent composition (glycerol, ethanol, propylene glycol, and water) on the formation and stability of the systems was determined. Optically transparent nanoemulsions could be formed by controlling SOR, oil composition, and aqueous phase composition. The spontaneous emulsification method therefore has considerable potential for fabricating nanoemulsion-based delivery systems for incorporating polyunsatured oils into clear food, personal care, and pharmaceutical products
Emperor and author : the writings of Julian the Apostate /
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and index.Introduction Nicholas Baker-Brian and Shaun Tougher -- Julian the writer and his audience / Susanna Elm -- Reading between the lines : ; Julian's First Panegyric on Constantius II / Shaun Tougher -- 'But I digress...' : ; rhetoric and propaganda in Julian's second oration to Constantius / Hal Drake -- Is there an empress in the text? ; Julian's Speech of thanks to Eusebia / Liz James -- Julian's Consolation to himself on the departure of the excellent Salutius : ; rhetoric and philosophy in the fourth centurry / Josef Lössl -- The tyrant's mask? ; Images of good and bad rule in Julian's Letter to the Athenians / Mark Humphries -- Julian's Letter to Themistius -- and Themistius' response? / John W. Watt -- The emperor's shadow : ; Julian in his correspondence / Michael Trapp -- Julian the lawgiver / Jill Harries -- Words and deeds : ; Julian in the epigraphic record / Benet Salway -- Julian and his coinage : ; a very Constantinian prince / Fernando López Sánchez -- Roman authority, imperial authoriality, and Julian's artistic program / Eric R. Varner -- Julian's Hymn to the mother of the gods : ; the revival and justification of traditional religion / J.H.W.G. Liebeschuetz -- Julian's Hymn to King Helios : ; the economical use of complex Neoplatonic concepts / Andrew Smtih -- The forging of an Hellenic orthodoxy : ; Julian's speeches against the cynics / Arnaldo Marcone -- The Christian context of Julian's Against the Galileans / David Hunt -- The politics of virtue in Julian's Misopogon / Nicholas Baker-Brian -- The Caesars of Julian the Apostate in translation and reception, 1580-ca -- 1800 / Rowland SmithAfterword: studying Julian the author / Jacqueline Long
Cult: A Composite Novel
No full textCult (redacted)
The first component of the thesis is a composite novel called Cult which falls into two parts with seven narratives in each. Part 1 tracks the protagonist, Ellen, from her first involvement with the cult through to her eventually leaving it. Although fiction, the first half of the book answers the kinds of questions the author is asked when people discover that she was once a sannyasin (a follower of the guru Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh). While the experiences of meditation, group therapy and communal living are all faithfully rendered within the stories, the need for strong characters, narrative drive and a lightness of touch takes precedence.
Part 2 picks up Ellen’s story some twenty or so years later and explores what becomes of her in middle age. It also looks at other groups in society, such as academia, the law and the internet dating community which each have their own jargon, hierarchies, rituals and rules but are not considered to be cults.
The book examines the question raised in the Epigraph, ‘how do we be together when we feel so alone’ with a focus on relationships other than the familial and the romantic.
Collisions, Chasms and Connections: a Performative Exploration of the Composite Novel Form
The second part of the thesis is both a critical and creative response to three contemporary American books: Olive Kitteridge by Elizabeth Strout; A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan; and Legend of a Suicide by David Vann. The critical element comprises a close reading of the three books; a chronological reconstruction of their overarching storylines; and a consideration of what their authors have said about writing the books. It concludes that, in the composite novel, the simultaneous presentation of multiple views and storylines operate much like a 3D image to give the impression of depth to the characters and situations rendered. The creative element of the essay is a playful and personal response to the texts
Evaluating essential oils as biocidal anti-drift adjuvants for safe and sustainable agricultural spray enhancement
No full textTraditional agrichemical formulations are often composed of synthetic ingredients that may exhibit adverse environmental and health effects. Losses from spray drift mean that these potentially toxic ingredients can contaminate the environment and pose significant risks to human health. There is therefore a need for natural ingredients to formulate agrichemical sprays that are non-toxic to humans and less harmful to the environment to ensure greater safety and sustainability. Essential oils are promising candidates as natural biopesticides, but their application is limited due to their phytotoxicity at biocidal-effective dosages. A novel alternative approach utilizes essential oils as dilute oil-in-water emulsion spray adjuvants. This strategy can potentially reduce the usage of conventional pesticide ingredients by synergistically enhancing their effectiveness and reducing losses from spray drift. In this study, we evaluated the antidrift potential of using plant-derived essential oils and quillaja saponin (a natural surfactant) to prepare dilute oil-in-water emulsions for use as safe and sustainable agrichemical adjuvants. In this study, we evaluated the potential of plant-derived essential oils and quillaja saponin, a natural surfactant, to create dilute oil-in-water emulsions as safe and sustainable agrichemical adjuvants. We found that emulsions made with methylated seed oil (MSO) and quillaja saponin showed similar drift reduction performance to those made with MSO and Tween 80, a synthetic non-ionic surfactant. Carvacrol (oregano and thyme essential oil) in water emulsion was found to increase the spray droplet size, thereby making it a promising ingredient for drift reduction. However, we found that limonene (citrus fruits essential oil) in water emulsion had no drift reduction abilities at the same specifications. The different performances of the two essential oils likely arise from differences in their physicochemical properties, which influence the spray atomization mechanism, specifically the ability of the oil droplets entering and spreading on the water–air interface to form perforations.Fil: Heng, Joseph. University of Massachusetts; Estados UnidosFil: Bechard, Samuel. University of Massachusetts; Estados UnidosFil: Lach, David. University Of Massachusetts Amherst; Estados UnidosFil: Rothstein, Jonathan. University Of Massachusetts Amherst; Estados UnidosFil: Wang, Minghe. University Of Massachusetts Amherst; Estados UnidosFil: Ubal, Sebastian. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Bioingeniería y Bioinformática - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Bioingeniería y Bioinformática; ArgentinaFil: McClements, David Julian. University Of Massachusetts Amherst; Estados UnidosFil: Corvalan, Carlos M.. Purdue University; Estados UnidosFil: Lu, Jiakai. University Of Massachusetts Amherst; Estados Unido
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