1,720,958 research outputs found
Building Identities: Breaks and Continuity in Construction Practices at the Late Bronze Age Settlement of the Serraglio on Kos
No full textIn this contribution, we examine changes in the construction methods and structural orientation of the built environment at the prehistoric settlement of the ‘Serraglio’ on Kos. In so doing, our aim is to understand shifts in occupation, cultural interactions, and identities at the site during the Late Bronze Age. As a human product embedded with meanings, we see the Koan built environment as the outcome of societal ideas, beliefs, and needs, which eventually reflect the socio-political strategies of the local elites. During the Late Bronze Age, the ‘Serraglio’ was progressively transformed by complex processes of cultural fusion that are also visible in other aspects of Koan material culture. Through these processes, local, Minoan, and Mycenaean diacritics were continuously recombined to express cultural and political change. Shifts identified in structural orientation at the ‘Serraglio’ during the Palatial phases of Mycenaean civilization indicate the active choice of the Koan community to mark a difference from the past. At the same time, consistency in construction techniques suggests the expression of a distinct Koan Mycenaean identity at the site. Our research, which relies largely on the archaeological excavations carried out on Kos between 1935 and 1946 by Luigi Morricone, demonstrates that advances in our understanding of Aegean Bronze Age cultural trajectories can be achieved through the analysis of legacy data, despite their limitations relative to modern standards
Soil Phytolith Assemblages of the American Southwest: The Use of Historical Ecology in Taphonomic Studies
No full textPhytolith analysis is a prominent microbotanical technique utilized in archaeological and palaeoenvironmental research. Opal phytoliths are silica bodies that form in and around the cells of plants and are often preserved within sediment due to their silica structure long after decomposition of the original organic material. This dissertation combines phytolith analysis with modern vegetation data and historical ecology to increase the interpretive potential of phytolith studies within the American Southwest. The research expands on phytolith analysis and its usefulness as an archaeological and environmental proxy in the American Southwest by 1) developing and presenting a regional comparative collection of common species 2) establishing modern phytolith analogues for Southwestern vegetation communities, and 3) examining processes of phytolith deposition and preservation.
This research presents a comprehensive comparative collection of 159 prominent plants from the American Southwest. The morphotypes identified in the comparative collection support a classification of soil phytoliths into twelve categories: chloridoid, Eragrostis species, panicoid, pooid, aristidoid, C4 short cells, redundant short cells, other Poaceae, gymnosperm, eudicot, Agave, and Cyperaceae. Using this classification system, modern soil phytolith assemblages are examined from three vegetation zones: the ponderosa-pine bunchgrass community, the Sonoran desert grassland, and the Chihuahuan desert grassland. In order to assess the impacts of soil formation processes on phytolith assemblages, historical vegetation data from two of these three vegetation zones, the ponderosa pine bunchgrass community and the Sonoran desert grassland, are compared to soil phytolith assemblages collected through microsampled soil profiles.
The results of this study show that phytolith assemblages can clearly differentiate the ponderosa pine bunchgrass community from the desert grassland communities. The desert grassland communities, however, cannot be differentiated from one another based on soil phytoliths. This research also shows that phytoliths can identify different micro-ecological niches within desert grassland environments. Incongruities between the modern vegetation record and the phytolith assemblage exist at all three locations. Three factors, differential phytolith production, plant biomass, and soil formation processes, contribute to these incongruities. The long term accumulation of phytolith forms, bioturbation, and translocation are the primary soil formation factors that impact soil phytolith assemblages in this area. The effects of bioturbation and translocation are more pronounced in the upper 4 cm of the soil profile and decrease below this depth. The long term movement and accumulation of phytoliths in a soil profile results in a background signal that pervades the assemblage. These processes do not fully obscure the phytolith record of vegetation change and, through micro-sampling, soil phytoliths can provide valuable information on changes in plant communities through time. This is especially true in settings where sedimentary input contributes to vertical soil growth. This research emphasizes the need for researchers interested in palaeoenvironmental reconstruction to understand phytolith production and sample context and to target locations conducive to the preservation of the phytolith record
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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