1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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Reading the Disaster Landscape
No full textIn this dissertation I argue that disasters are best understood as landscapes rather than events. While event-based thinking requires a cause-effect logic that might not be relevant once a disaster is out of a so-called “emergency phase,” re-framing the disaster as a landscape allows for a thicker analysis of the continuing material-social processes that may have more complicated relationships to the event itself. I use the term disaster landscape to describe this theoretically rich space, one that has the capacity to hold these varied relationships. By focusing on the disaster landscape as it exists in specifically urban space, I suggest that disaster is not just an external disturbance, but a constitutive part of the sociality of the city. To demonstrate the utility of the disaster landscape, I site my research in Gyumri, Armenia, a secondary city that was devastated by the 1988 Spitak Earthquake. The earthquake occurred during the Soviet Union, a regime that collapsed before the city's rebuilding efforts were complete, which in turn stunted recovery in the years of early independence for Armenia. Compounding those two things, Armenian forces have been involved in an ethno-territorial conflict with Azerbaijan since the Soviet era. Though the sites of actual violent conflict are physically distant from Gyumri, the conflict is still an intrinsic part of how the earthquake is experienced and remembered.Methodologically, I use a combination of oral histories, archival research, and analytical walking to find physical remnants of the earthquake, thus tracing out a disaster landscape in the contemporary city. While oral history interviews and archival research of small press witness accounts of the quake are important buttressing to the project, the main thrust of the method is the analytical walking, a critical practice of systematically traversing the city while capturing photographs and GPS data points of notable features of the disaster landscape. Analytical walking is a process of landscape reading that then allowed me to identify objects of study. In the dissertation, I focus on three features of the disaster landscape as it exists in Gyumri: the ruin, the temporary housing structure, and the memorial. Each of these features is a chapter in which I demonstrate the ways in which they change our conception of urban disaster.First, I examine the ruin, intuitively the most obvious mark left on the landscape as a direct result of the earthquake. In this section I question what is being referred to when the term “ruin” is evoked, and how buildings damaged by the earthquake have been imbued with different social meaning. The disaster landscape, then, allows us to see multiple kinds of ruination. There is the visible of the seismic event, but also the invisible ruination left in the gap of buildings never replaced. Further, ruination beyond the seismic event itself imbricate the earthquake with the parallel disaster of Soviet collapse and post-Soviet economic decline.I then discuss temporary housing in the form of the network of trailers distributed in the immediate wake of the earthquake. Where these structures were initially a life-saving infrastructure, their continued presence in the city thirty years later has transformed them into an emblem of failure. I discuss this transition in terms of slow violence. While the structures themselves may have been the product of a Soviet-led disaster response, the bygone regime is not the sole responsible party. Rather, association of the trailers with the Soviet Union occludes years of action and inaction from independence era governments and the international aid apparatus. To this end, I focus on the largest re-housing effort in the post-Soviet era, one that was simultaneously a trailer removal campaign. Through this story I show how the disaster landscape can be used to evaluate the potential disastrous properties of relief actions long after the earthquake itself.The third chapter is devoted to memorials. While the act of memorialization through edifice is in one sense an instance of people intentionally making marks on the disaster landscape, there are also new temporalities and connections between events forged by memorials that exist outside the scope of intention. Working with both outwardly politicized official memorials and neighborhood-scale personal memorials, I argue memorials as physicalized memory are an excellent way to demonstrate the tendency of disaster to warp time, requiring a landscape frame in order to catch the ways the disaster bleeds into not only the future but also the event's own past.Finally, acknowledging that much of this dissertation's research was completed under the pall of both the global pandemic and the 2020 Karabakh War, I end by highlighting the specific snapshot in time this project occupies. In light of recent events in Armenia and the world, I suggest that disasters can interweave in consequential ways in the same place, which both suggests landscapes of compounding vulnerability but also room for creative transformation of space
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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