1,720,977 research outputs found
Re-evaluating patterns of caribou classification in western North America: implications for conservation intraspecies diversity
No full textRecent biogeographic history in North America has been dominated by glacial-
interglacial cycles. The repeated isolation and reconnection of populations of various taxa
has had a profound impact on intraspecies diversity. Many formal classifications of this
diversity used morphological traits, but these often confound with genetic data. As
habitats become increasingly fragmented and populations become isolated, an
understanding of subspecific diversity (e.g. ESUs) in threatened and endangered species
is paramount to appropriate management intended to promote connectivity. Through
analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences and 14 microsatellite loci we elucidate the
phylogeographic history of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) and reevaluate their classification
in western North America. Results indicate important restructuring of caribou subspecies,
their distribution and the designation of ecotypes. For example, the subspecies R.t.
grantiof Alaska and R.t. groenlandicus of northern Canada show significant genetic
diversity, reciprocal introgression and common ancestry, belying sufficient differentiation
expected at the subspecies level. Conversely, the Northern Mountain ecotype of
woodland caribou (R.t. caribou) appears to have closer kinship to caribou classified as
grantiorgroenlandicusthan to woodland caribou. These results provide important insight
into the evolutionary history of caribou in North America, and are important for
managers evaluating source populations for caribou translocation conservation measures
Caribou genetic diversity in western North America: implications for hunting and conservation planning
No full textA new challenge for caribou (Rangifer tarandus) management in the Canadian Rockies: reconciling present–day demographics with Quaternary evolutionary history
No full text
Ecological differentiation in highly mobile mammals such as wolves and caribou, but not elk
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
