1,721,045 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Neighbourhoods, dogs and walking: An exploration of factors relevant to healthy aging in place
No full textThe aims of this thesis were to: 1) understand factors related to healthy aging of older adults living in urban environments (i.e., aging in place); and 2) contribute to the evidence-informed case for viewing dogs as contributing to neighbourhoods in ways that may influence healthy aging in place. A scoping review of diverse literatures suggested that dogs may increase physical activity for both dog-owners and non-owners, but that dogs will not have a standard effect across all neighbourhoods. An analysis of data for a sample of older adults (50 yrs and older) living in Calgary, Canada, found that the dog-owners who frequently walked dogs (4 times/wk or more) reported more neighbourhood-based recreational walking and high sense of community relative to non-owners. Interventions promoting dog-walking in neighbourhoods, while supporting the specific walking needs of older adults, may help support healthy aging in place
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The Relationship Between Aspects of Friendship Networks and Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Among Youth
No full textPhysical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are two health-risk behaviours that are impacting the health and well-being of Canadian youth. Further investigation into the social determinants of these behaviours, specifically aspects of friendship networks, could provide an additional layer of understanding on the social mechanisms behind patterns of physical activity and sedentary behaviour among youth.
The aim of this thesis was to examine the associations between aspects of friendship networks and physical activity and sedentary behaviour among youth through a review of current literature and through an analysis of social network and behavioural survey data. The purpose of the literature review was to provide a synthesis and assessment of current evidence on friendship networks and physical activity and sedentary behaviour. The purpose of the survey data analysis was to expand the breadth of social network-derived variables so as to provide an additional level of understanding regarding the associations between aspects of friendship networks and physical activity and sedentary behaviour.
The systematized literature review involved a search of peer-reviewed articles that included a measure of a child or adolescent’s social network (e.g., close friends) or network position (e.g., popularity) as well as a measure of physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour. Results from this review suggested that best friend’s and close friends’ physical activity levels were consistently associated with an individual’s physical activity level. Longitudinal evidence showed, over time, that an individual’s level of physical activity changed to reflect his or her friends’ level of physical activity. Adolescents with more friendship nominations were also more physically active, and friends’ physical activity was more often associated with boys’ physical activity compared with girls’ physical activity. Evidence on sedentary behaviour was mixed.
The survey analysis included data from 1,061 adolescents from six Calgary Catholic schools (Alberta, Canada), and examined cross-sectional associations between aspects of friendship networks (i.e., friendship network density, proportion of active close friends, proportion of sedentary close friends, betweenness centrality, popularity, clique member) and likelihood of being sufficiently active (i.e., achieving at least sixty-minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) every day), as well as likelihood of being highly sedentary (i.e., more than two-hours per day of sedentary behaviour), while controlling for sociodemographic variables and general perceived social support from friends. Potential effect modification of perceived general social support from friends and social network variables was also tested. Results suggested that both boys and girls with a higher proportion of sufficiently active close friends were more likely to be sufficiently active. Adolescents who received no friendship nominations participated in fewer days per week of MVPA compared with adolescents who had at least one friendship nomination. Higher levels of perceived social support from friends modified the effects of social network variables and the likelihood of being sufficiently active and highly sedentary. Higher friendship network density was associated with an increased likelihood of being highly sedentary for boys compared with low friendship network density.
Evidence from this thesis provides support for the presence of associations between aspects of friendship networks (i.e., friends’ behaviour, popularity, receiving no friendship nominations) and an individual’s physical activity. Network structure (i.e., friendship network density) may also be associated with boys’ sedentary behaviour. Associations between aspects of friendship networks and physical activity have been identified for both boys and girls; however, associations with sedentary behaviour may be gender-specific. These results can inform future public health interventions focused on network restructuring to promote co-participation and friendship modeling to harness the impact of friendship influence with the goal of increasing levels of physical activity and reducing time spent participating in sedentary behaviour among Canadian youth
Neighbourhoods, dogs and walking: an exploration of factors relevant to healthy aging in place
No full textBibliography: p. 121-138The aims of this thesis were to: 1) understand factors related to healthy aging of older adults living in urban environments (i.e., aging in place); and 2) contribute to the evidence-informed case for viewing dogs as contributing to neighbourhoods in ways that may influence healthy aging in place. A scoping review of diverse literatures suggested that dogs may increase physical activity for both dog-owners and non-owners, but that dogs will not have a standard effect across all neighbourhoods. An analysis of data for a sample of older adults (250 yrs) living in Calgary, Canada, found that the dog-owners who frequently walked dogs (24 times/wk) reported more neighbourhood-based recreational walking and high sense of community relative to non-owners. Interventions promoting dog-walking in neighbourhoods, while supporting the specific walking needs of older adults, may help support healthy aging in place
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