1,720,979 research outputs found
Figure 8 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
No full textFigure 8. Variation in the caudal skeleton of Danio. A, D. aequipinnatus (AMNH 15761); B, D. albolineatus (CU 77841); C, D. devario (CU 82548); D, D. kerri (CU 82554) note absence of the sixth hypural; E, D. malabaricus (MCZ 52399) note doubling of neural spines (arrow 1) and presence of the sixth hypural; F, D. pathirana (CU 85509); G, D. pulcher (CU 77840); H, D. quangbinhensis (AMNH 227913); I, D. regina (CU 82550); J, D. rerio (CU 82546); K, D. browni (CU 82553). Scale bars = 1 mm.Published as part of Sanger, Thomas J. & McCUNE, Amy R., 2002, Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology, pp. 529-546 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 135 (4) on page 538, DOI: 10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00014.x, http://zenodo.org/record/543433
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Coordination And Disruption Of Traits Contributing To Reproductive Isolation In Ostrinia Nubilalis, The European Corn Borer
No full textCentral to the process of speciation is understanding mate choice and its consequence, the evolution of reproductive isolation. The coordination of signal and response is essential to the evolution of divergent mating systems, but insights into the genetic processes that allow such coevolution to take place are limited. The two pheromone strains of the European corn borer (ECB) moth (Ostrinia nubilalis) allow for the study of a signal/response system, female production of pheromone, and male behavioral response. This study utilizes males collected from traps in New York State baited with either of the two pheromone blends and analyzes their genotypes at pgFAR, the gene responsible for divergent female pheromone production. ECB strains also differ in post-diapause development (PDD) time, which can contribute to temporal isolation in natural populations. Therefore, we also assay genotypes in a genomic region around Tpi associated with control of post-diapause development. Significant non-random associations are found between this region, pgFAR, and the type of trap in which a male was found. This study also assays field-collected females from New York, North Carolina, and Delaware for pheromone production, post-diapause development, and Tpi gene genealogies. Whereas populations in New York and North Carolina display the expected association between all three characters, the association between Tpi and pheromone production is disrupted in Delaware
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Intraspecific Variation In Nutrient Excretion By Fish: Exploring Stoichiometric Paradigms With A Model Species For Trait Variation
Get PDFNutrient excretion by consumers can alter ecosystems by changing the availability of limiting nutrients. Understanding controls on nutrient excretion is thus necessary to predict ecological dynamics. Ecological stoichiometry predicts nutrient excretion rates based on the principles of homeostasis and mass balance, and this theoretical framework effectively explains variation in excretion among fish species. It fails, however, to explain the substantial variation in excretion within species. This dissertation uses a model species for trait variation, the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata), to explore why ecological stoichiometry has fared so poorly in explaining intraspecific variation in excretion. I first used a lab study to assess traditional stoichiometric predictions for nutrient excretion. This study found the expected stoichiometric patterns for phosphorus excretion, but not for nitrogen excretion. A field survey supported these results, and it indicated that the presence of a predatory fish, Crenicichla frenata, explained variation in guppy nitrogen excretion. In ensuing lab studies, I sought to isolate the influence of predation risk on nitrogen excretion by rearing guppies with or without the chemical cues of this predatory fish. This approach highlighted that predator cues reduced guppy nitrogen excretion by nearly 40%, primarily by reducing food intake. Standardizing for food intake, however, revealed that predator cues reduced guppy excretion more than food consumption. Guppies with predator cues thus excreted a smaller fraction of consumed nitrogen, retaining nitrogen more efficiently. We suggest that reduced nitrogen excretion under predation risk reflects a wasteminimizing physiology similar to that caused by extended food deprivation. We show, however, that food deprivation takes up to 14 days to change guppy physiology, while predation risk induces even greater metabolic change within just 24 h. This result raises the possibility that guppies use predation risk as a signal of impending food restriction, immediately inducing metabolic changes to increase retention of nutrients for future needs. In summary, this dissertation highlights that ecological stoichiometry can explain variation in phosphorus excretion but not nitrogen. Nitrogen excretion is better described by models incorporating causes of variation in metabolism. Predation risk, a major influence on consumer metabolism, is likely central to intraspecific variation in nitrogen excretion
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