993 research outputs found
sj-pdf-1-jnm-10.1177_10949968231155803 - Supplemental material for Mind the Age Gap! How Problematic Internet Use Affects Adults’ and Emerging Adults’ Well-Being and Prosocial Consumer Behavior
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jnm-10.1177_10949968231155803 for Mind the Age Gap! How Problematic Internet Use Affects Adults’ and Emerging Adults’ Well-Being and Prosocial Consumer Behavior by Francesco Raggiotto, Elvis Mazzoni, Mariagrazia Benassi, Sabrina Panesi, Martina Vacondio, Silvia Filippi, Alice Turati, Martina Benvenuti in Journal of Interactive Marketing</p
Exposure-Tolerant Imaging Solution forCultural Heritage Monitoring
No full textThis paper describes a simple and cheap solution specifically designed for monitoring the degradation of thin coatings employed for metal protection. The proposed solution employs a commercial photocamera and a frequency-domain-based approach that is capable of highlighting the surface uniformity changes due to initial corrosion. Even though the proposed solution is specifically designed to monitor the long-time performance of protective coatings employed for the restoration of silver artifacts, it can be successfully used also for assessing the conservation state of other ancient metallic works of art. The proposed solution is made tolerant to exposure changes by using a procedure for sensor nonlinearity identification and correction, does not require a precise lighting control, and employs only free open-source software, so that its overall cost is very low and can be used also by not specifically trained operator
Teens online: how perceived social support influences the use of the Internet during adolescence
No full textThis study analyses the role of social support in Internet use, focusing on when it leads
to problematic or functional use in male and female adolescents. Three research hypotheses
state: (1) when offline social support is low, online social support leads to a problematic
Internet use; (2) when offline social support is high, online social support leads to a
functional Internet use; (3) significant differences between male and female adolescents in
both the online and offline dimensions considered. Results showed that the positive social
interaction factor of online social support positively predicts problematic Internet use and
that the latter is negatively affected by offline social support (affectionate dimension). Furthermore,
online social support predicts functional Internet use (positive social interaction
factor), while offline social support has no such effect. Finally, gender differences occur:
males show higher problematic Internet use, and a higher number of friends and acquaintances
than females, while females show higher online and offline social support than males.
Implications of this research are particularly relevant for schools (e.g., teachers), families
(parents, caregivers, etc.), and policy maker, so that they can support adolescents in the
construction and development of offline friendly relationships and promote a functional use of the Internet for preventing its negative effects with active educational policies
How students autonomous and controlled motivation affects satisfaction in online courses
No full textThis exploratory study aims to analyse whether and how students’ motivation affects their satisfaction in online courses during COVID-19 emergency in Italy. Based on the activity theory approach, and on the self-determination theory, the study considers two types of motivation (autonomous vs. controlled) and different aspects of students’ satisfaction in online courses related to various types of interaction (learner-content, learner-instructor, learner-learner, learner-technology, and general satisfaction). Results confirm that students with autonomous motivation perceived greater satisfaction in all the considered aspects of online courses, independently using the internet. Implications for designing online courses in university contexts, particularly during emergency period like COVID-19 pandemic, are discussed
Body image and weight perceptions in relation to actual measurements by means of a new index and level of physical activity in Italian university students
No full textBackground: Body image perception depends on anthropometric and psychological factors. Body dissatisfaction is influenced by the socio-cultural environment and is associated with eating disorders and low self-esteem. This study examined the body image perception, the degree of dissatisfaction and the weight status perception inconsistency in relation to sex, weight status and amount of physical activity in a sample of university students. Methods: The participants were 734 university students (354 females aged 21.5 ± 2.9 yrs and 380 males aged 22.1 ± 3.6 yrs) recruited from the second year of the Sport Sciences degree program. A self-administered questionnaire was used to acquire socio-demographic and sport participation information. Height, weight, BMI and weight status were considered for each subject. Body image perception was assessed by a silhouette matching technique. A new index, FAI (Feel status minus Actual status Inconsistency), was used to assess weight status perception inconsistency. Results: A large proportion of the sample had normal weight status. On average, females chose as feel status a significantly higher figure than the males (4.7 versus 3.8) and they would have liked to have a significantly thinner figure than the males (3.4 versus 3.6). Therefore, the mean FID (Feel minus Ideal Discrepancy) values (positive in both sexes) were significantly higher in females than in males, meaning higher dissatisfaction. The mean FAI values were positive in females and negative in males, indicating a tendency of the women to overestimate their weight status and of the men to underestimate it. Men were more physically active than women. Less active women showed significantly lower body weight and BMI than more active women. Men less engaged in physical activity showed significantly higher FID than more active men. Conclusions: These results show greater dissatisfaction and higher weight status perception consistency in females than in males among Italian university students examined. Our findings suggest that the FAI index can be very useful to evaluate the perceived weight status by body image in comparison to actual weight status assessed
anthropometrically
How students’ autonomous and controlled motivation affects satisfaction in online courses
No full textThis exploratory study aims to analyse whether and how students’
motivation affects their satisfaction in online courses during COVID-19
emergency in Italy. Based on the activity theory approach, and on the
self-determination theory, the study considers two types of motivation
(autonomous vs. controlled) and different aspects of students’ satisfaction in
online courses related to various types of interaction (learner-content,
learner-instructor, learner-learner, learner-technology, and general satisfaction).
Results confirm that students with autonomous motivation perceived greater
satisfaction in all the considered aspects of online courses, independently using
the internet. Implications for designing online courses in university contexts,
particularly during emergency period like COVID-19 pandemic, are discussed
The C-Section Epidemic: What's Tort Reform Got to Do With It?
No full textToday one in three babies in the United States comes into the world by cesarean section. The cesarean section has become the most commonly performed operating room procedure in the United States. Conventional wisdom holds that malpractice liability bears primary responsibility for the cesarean section epidemic and that tort reform, which caps physician liability, holds the key to its reduction. This article presents new aggregate empirical data that debunks this view. For the first time, it provides a national cesarean rate for births subject to damage caps and a national cesarean rate for births without damage caps. This data shows that a woman is not less likely to give birth by cesarean section in a state with damage caps than in one without. Thus, either damage caps are insufficient to address physicians’ concerns or other explanations better account for the overuse of the procedure. The empirical analysis will assist policy makers and advocates seeking to reduce the cesarean rate as well as contribute to consideration of the efficacy of medical malpractice reform as a means to reduce the broader problem of medical overtreatment.
The article then outlines three policy initiatives to reduce the cesarean section rate. First, it suggests upending the current payment practice for deliveries. Contrary to the present norm, it proposes that obstetricians receive more rather than less to deliver vaginally to compensate them for the extra time that vaginal delivery takes compared to cesarean delivery. Second, rather than looking to tort reform to reduce cesarean section rates, the article explores whether malpractice insurance providers themselves are contributing to the cesarean section epidemic and advocates two novel medical malpractice insurance reforms to address this problem. Third, it advocates public disclosure of hospital and physician cesarean section rates so that women can make informed decisions when selecting their health care providers and when determining whether to have a cesarean section
Distribution modelling by MaxEnt: from black box to flexible toolbox
No full textThe easier access to increasingly powerful computational approaches and tools in the field of distribution modelling, has contributed to a proliferation of data, applications, practitioners, guidelines, and novel theoretical understandings. Recognising the dynamic link in how these elements influence one another is critical as the discipline and practices develop. The challenge of how to implement the statistically and computationally complex theory behind the MaxEnt modelling method has been overcome by the practical simplicity of the powerful, platform independent and free Java™ tool, maxent.jar. Lowering this computational, and accessibility threshold, has meant the increased use and further development of relevant digital ecological data, such as biodiversity/occurrence records held in natural history collections worldwide (GBIF -Global Biodiversity Information Facility) and GIS layers of spatio-temporal environmental background layers being developed across a diverse range of fields.
However, the computational advantages of the fixed options offered by the software have come at the expense of a full exploration of the potentials of this statistical method. Over time, the popularity of the practical shortcuts have resulted in an uncritical acceptance of the defaults, a conflation of the statistical method with the software’s black box approach, and a disconnection between theoretical and practical implications of the modelling process. A more flexible and explicit integration of these two, facilitates a much needed comparison between, and testing of, these theoretical and practical defaults, options and settings.
The aim of this thesis is to reduce the gap between the how practitioners can work with these practical tools, their understanding the body of DM theory, and MaxEnt in particular. PAPER 1 lays out the theoretical description of a novel interpretation of MaxEnt, with new settings and options, such as a new model selection and model assessment criteria, and improved user control of the variable selection process. To test this new theory in a practical way, new informatics driven approaches and tools were developed. PAPER 2 provides their detailed description and presents them as a modular toolbox in the form of a set of flexible Rscripts and functions. This new MaxEnt modelling approach and toolbox are used in PAPER 3, which looks specifically at how to identify and tackle the potential effects of sampling bias in presence only (PO) data obtained from museum collections. The application value of this alternative MaxEnt modelling procedure (aMp) is further explored and tested in PAPERS 4 and 5, where conservation management issues are addressed, as well as model purpose, model fitting and properties of the data. PAPER 4 explores how distribution modelling can be combined with phylogeographic analysis to address spatial temporal conservation issues. PAPER 5 makes use of fine grained remotely sensed LiDAR data, to explore issues related both to data properties (accuracy, spatial autocorrelation) and model complexity (variable and model selection, and model improvement). All MaxEnt models are evaluated against an independently collected field dataset, and theoretical and practical implications are discussed. PAPER 6 makes full use of this new theoretical approach and practical toolbox, and addresses MaxEnt model selection strategy by testing eight different combinations of model complexity and data properties. Finally, the paper discusses additional benefits these tool enhancements of the MaxEnt model performance and also the ecological interpretability are discussed.
In modelling, there is no single or best approach that works for everyone. There are always alternative approaches owing to our individual differences as practitioners, not solely based on the modelling tools or purposes alone. This thesis makes explicit use of both Ecological and Informatics approaches to perform a broad-scoped assessment of the relative performance of different combinations of MaxEnt options and their settings for DM with different modelling purposes, including of the specific properties of the data. By adding a flexible and traceable way to tackle this both theoretically and practically, I’ve attempted the reduce gap between the how the practitioners can work with the tools and the body of theory
Bridging the Distance: Exploring Informal Communication and its Impact on Productivity, Well-Being, and Workplace Dynamics in Hybrid Work Environments
No full textAuthor Sabrina Schopf, BScMasterarbeit Johannes Kepler Universität Linz 202
Bridging the Distance: Exploring Informal Communication and its Impact on Productivity, Well-Being, and Workplace Dynamics in Hybrid Work Environments
No full textAuthor Sabrina Schopf, BScMasterarbeit Johannes Kepler Universität Linz 202
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