31,392 research outputs found
Dane artykułu "Wyniki badań odpowiedzi gazochromowej na wodór cienkich warstw WO3 naniesionych za pomocą parowania wiązką elektronową"
No full textDane dotyczą wyników opublikowanych w artykule: "Wyniki badań odpowiedzi gazochromowej na wodór cienkich warstw WO3 naniesionych za pomocą parowania wiązką elektronową", Wiktoria Weichbrodt, Michał Mazur, DOI:10.5604/01.3001.0054.7919Rys. 4. Widma transmisji światła cienkiej warstwy WO3 wygrzewanej w temperaturze 400°CRys. 5a. Widma transmisji światła cienkiej warstwy WO3 wygrzewanej w temperaturze 400°C z naniesioną warstwą katalizatora podczas procesu gazochromowego dla stężenia wodoru 50 ppmRys. 5b. Widma transmisji światła cienkiej warstwy WO3 wygrzewanej w temperaturze 400°C z naniesioną warstwą katalizatora podczas procesu gazochromowego dla stężenia wodoru 500 ppmPomiary widm transmisji światła zostały wykonane z użyciem spektrofotometru Ocean Optics QE65000 i źródła DH-BAL 2000 z lampą halogenową i deuterową w zakresie spektralnym 300-1000 nm z wykorzystaniem oprogramowania SpectraSuite. Widma zmierzono podczas wprowadzania powietrza i mieszaniny H2/Ar o stężeniu wodoru 50 oraz 500 ppm dla różnych interwałów czasowych. Dane z rys. 4 zostały zebrane dla warstwy bez katalizatora, a z rys. 5a i 5b dla warstwy z katalizatorem Pd.</p
El feminismo de Estado en España: El Instituto de la Mujer (1983-2003)
No full textDesde aproximadamente los años setenta se han fundado en la mayor parte de los países del mundo instituciones cuyo principal cometido reside en mejorar la condición de las mujeres como grupo y erosionar las desigualdades entre éstas y los hombres. También se han establecido organismos similares en los ámbitos regional y local. En ciencias sociales este conjunto de instituciones se denomina "feminismo de Estado", "feminismo institucional" o "feminismo oficial", conociéndose como "feministas de Estado" a las personas que trabajan en estos "organismos (o agencias) de igualdad" o "instituciones feministas" (McBride y Mazur 2004, 2; Stetson y Mazur 1995, 1-2).
Pamięć w historiografii. Kilka uwag o tym, dlaczego historycy uprawiają memory studies i co z tego wynika
No full textKonczal K. Pamięć w historiografii. Kilka uwag o tym, dlaczego historycy uprawiają memory studies i co z tego wynika. In: Witek P, Mazur M, Solska E, eds. Historia w kulturze współczesnej. Niekonwencjonalne podejścia do przeszłości. Lublin: edytor; 2011: 63–73
A Cr unimodal map with an arbitrary fast growth of the number of periodic points
No full textIn this paper we present a surprising example of a C(r) unimodal map of an interval f : I -> I whose number of periodic points P(n)(f) = vertical bar{x is an element of I : f(n) x = x}vertical bar grows faster than any ahead given sequence along a subsequence (n)k = 3(k). This example also shows that 'non-flatness' of critical points is necessary for the Martens de Melo van Strien theorem [M. Martens, W. de Melo and S. van Strien. Julia-Fatou-Sullivan theory for real one-dimensional dynamics. Acta Math. 168(3-4) (1992), 273-318] to hold
Anacrapion Mazur, 2011, gen. nov.
No full textGenus <i>Anacrapion</i> gen. nov. <p> <b>Type species:</b> <i>Anacrapion wanati</i> <b>sp. n.</b>, by present designation.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Compared to other members of Malvapiini it differs in the following characters: male tibiae without mucrones; pronotum with short basal flange; antenna in female extending beyond apex of rostrum (not reaching rostral apex in females of <i>Rhopalapi</i> o <i>n</i>); male tegmen with unclear, non- transparent fenestrae, short postfenestral plate, and separated parameroid lobes combined with bidentate prostegium; spiculum gastrale (male sternite 9) Yshaped with manubrium much longer than rod-like (not flattened) arms. Distributed in West Africa.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body length (without rostrum) 2.1–2.8 mm. Body colour dark brown to nearly black. Rostrum strongly variable, only slightly longer than pronotum in both sexes in <i>A. lamottei</i> and in males of other species or much longer than pronotum (over two times in females) of <i>A</i>. <i>ghanense</i> and <i>A</i>. <i>wanati</i>; sides and venter of rostrum without rows of scaliferous punctures, septum between antennal pits flat. Scrobes ventral, sulciform. Head transverse; frons wider than rostral apex, sparsely punctured, not striolate. Eye oblong, strongly convex. Temple behind eye unsculptured. Antenna slender, in female extended beyond apex of rostrum, inserted at basal 0.25–0.33 of rostrum. Club oval, with visible sutures, sharply pointed at apex.</p> <p> Pronotum slightly transverse, campaniform, widest at middle; vestiture generally of centrifugal type, but clearly adpressed on front margin; basal flange present, base distinctly bisinuate. Prescutellar fovea deep, elongate. Scutellum isodiametric, triangular or pentagonal, flat or concave, lying in a broad depression (Fig. 5). Elytra oblong, sides rounded, widest at middle, with metallic shine. Dorsal vestiture with pale, hair-like scales. All striae straight, apically joining 1+2+9, 3+4, 5+6, 7+8; stria 1 shortened basally, not reaching apex of scutellum; stria 2 not confluent with basal margin of elytron, reaching the level of scutellar mid-length. One specialized seta at apex of interstria 9. Humeral calli prominent. Wings functional, without radial window. Mesocoxae separated by ca. 0.25– 0.30× own diameter; mesoventral apophysis more protruding than metaventral, separated from the rest of metaventrite by transverse depression. Legs testaceous to reddish. All tibiae without mucrones. Tarsi short, without sexual characters. Claws with broad teeth. Male. Pygidium of aspidapionine type (Fig. 13). Sternite 9 Y-shaped, with manubrium more than twice longer than arms (Fig. 7). Tegmen with apodeme longer than forked basal piece; prostegium bidentate; parameroid lobes split up beyond the middle of length; fenestrae margined but invisible due to sclerotised ventral layer of tegminal plate (Fig. 10). Penis broad, moderately curved, narrowed to rounded (<i>A.</i></p> <p> <i>wanati</i> <b>n. sp.</b>) or truncate (<i>A. ghanense</i> Voss., <i>A</i>. <i>lamottei</i> Hoff.) at apex, in lateral view narrowed to apex. Endophallus in middle part with dense spinules condensed near orifice. (Fig. 9). Female. Gonocoxites long and narrow, styli elongate, with long apical setae. Spiculum ventrale long, with minute basal plate (Fig. 6). Spermatheca stout, with narrowed and pointed cornu (Fig. 8). Biology: At least two species appear to be biologically confined to <i>Triplochiton scleroxylon</i> (Malvaceae). One species develops in seeds of this tree (Voss 1973).</p> <p> <b>Species studied.</b> <i>Anacrapion wanati</i> <b>n. sp.</b>, <i>A. lamottei</i> (Hoffmann, 1963) n. comb., <i>A. ghanense</i> (Voss, 1973), n. comb.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> From the Greek <i>acron</i> for ‘mucro’ and prefix <i>an-</i> for negative. The new genus is unique among Malvapiini in having no mucrones on the male tibiae.</p> <p> <b> <i>Anacrapion wanati</i> n. sp</b> .</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype, male: Ghana, Ashanti Region, Jamasi, 289 m. a.s.l., N 6°58’ / W 1°28’; 23.02.1969, catch, leg. S. Endrödy-Younga (HMNH). Paratypes (94 3 101 Ƥ): same data as the holotype (HMNH, MNHW, DBUO). Ivory Coast: Bingerville, 1–18 III 1963, 1 3, leg. J. Decelle (MRAC); Man–Ontom, 8–10 III 1977, 2 3, leg. I. Löbl (MHNG).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Distinct from other members of <i>Anacrapion</i> in its unique combination of missing hair-like scales, condensation at the base of third elytral interval and shoulders, and very long, thin and regularly curved rostrum in female.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body length 2.2–2.5 mm. Rostrum, head and pronotum brownish-black; elytra concolored but with slightly stronger and somewhat brassy luster. Legs testaceous with darker “knees”, tibial apices, and basal parts of femora; femora with sparse, tiny scales, sometimes arranged in longitudinal rows; trochanters and coxae black; protibiae in both sexes straight; tarsi dark, with piliform white scales on 1st and 2nd segments, and much finer hairy 3rd segment. Male rostrum stout; 1.4–1.6× as long as pronotum; weakly convex with small, elongate punctures; gently shine. Prorostrum narrower, with sparse, white, piliform scales; mesorostrum stronger dilated than in female; metarostrum with white, elongate scales, wider and more numerous than on prorostrum (Fig. 2, 4). Scrobes moderately deep (deeper than in female); subocular keel almost reaching middle of eye. Female rostrum long and thin, twice longer than pronotum; regularly curved (Fig. 1, 3). Almost entire rostrum shagreened and with obsolete puncturation, only metarostrum and especially rostrum apex shiny and more distinctly punctate; minute scales present only on metarostrum. Scrobes shallow; subocular keel reaching only to fore margin of eye. Antenna (Figs 11, 12) inserted at 0,33 length of rostrum. Scape in male stout, short, as long as first two segments of flagellum; in female elongate, slender, subequal in length to first four flagellar joints. Basal part of funicle brighter, in male darker than in female, in female coloured as in tibiae. Antenna darkened from base to apex. In male 1st and 2nd segment of flagellum longer than wide, segments 3rd to 5th as long as wide, segments 6th and 7th wider than long. In female 1st and 2nd funicular segments elongate, 1st 3×; 2nd 2,5× longer than wide; segments 3rd–5th as long as wide; segments 6th and 7th elongate, 1.5–2× as long as wide. Club short and robust, acute, with well marked sutures, 1.85– 1.90× longer than its width; in female as long as four distal funicular segments; in male its length equal to that of 3.0–3.5 distal funicular joints. Flagellum and club with recumbent setae in both sexes. Head 1.60–1.72× as long as wide. Eyes occupying 0.72–0.80 of total head length. Frons distinctly narrower than rostral base, flat, with 1–2 irregular rows of large punctures; scales similar to scales on pronotum and elytra. In female scales more thin, less condensed than in male. Vertex without scales, matte and roughly punctured. Eye rounded, strongly convex, widest before half-length in dorsal view, rounded by scales directed forward, in female less convex than in male. Pronotum campaniform, slightly wider than long, 1.54–1.56× wider than head, base 1.36–1.40× wider than apex, widest at middle. Surface of pronotum with coarse scaliferous punctures, their interspaces narrower than puncture’s diameter, flat, microreticulate. Basal margin of pronotum at middle protruding towards scutellum (Fig. 5). In male, pronotum more narrowed apicad than in female. Pronotum in male with distinct prescutellar fovea on basal fifth of midline; in female, fovea shorter and shallower. In female pronotum with punctures finer, scales shorter and thinner. Elytra slightly convex 1.43–1.45× longer than wide, 2.65–2.67× longer than pronotum, widest at middle (Fig. 1, 2). Intervals flat, rugosely microsculptured, wider than striae, each with row of white, thin scales, overlapping and altogether forming a regular line. Striae sharply impressed, on disc about 2 × narrower than intervals, at base 1st stria shortened and not reaching scutellum, catenulate-punctate, strial scales shorter than those on intervals. Humeri prominent. Apex of each elytron separately rounded. Mesepimera and metanepisterna without patches of condensed scales. Scutellum surrounded by broad fovea, depressed, longer than wide, bare (Fig. 5). Legs testaceous to reddish; tarsi darker; coxa, trochanters, basal parts of femora and knees dark brown to black. All tibiae without mucrones. Terminal parts of all tibiae and femora darkened. Tarsi elongate; 1st protarsomere wider than long, 2nd as long as wide in both sexes. Male terminalia (Figs. 7, 9, 10, 13, 14). Pygidium as in Fig. 13. Tegmen as in Fig. 10. Penis ca. 6× as long as wide, apically narrowed and subtruncate (Fig. 9). Sternite 8 as in Fig. 14, acute apically. Sternite 9 as in Fig 7, symmetrical, manubrium more than 2× longer than arms. Female terminalia (Figs. 6, 8). Tergite 8 subtrapeziform, evenly sclerotised. Coxite with median reinforcement on whole length. Styli ca. 2× longer than wide (Fig. 6). Spermatheca bent at angle of about 50 degrees, wide and strongly narrowed to apex, gently pointed (Fig. 8).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> I am dedicating this species to my colleague Marek Wanat, taxonomist and world specialist on Apionidae.</p>Published as part of <i>Mazur, Miłosz A., 2011, A new genus and species of Malvapiini (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Apionidae) from Ghana, pp. 55-62 in Zootaxa 3003</i> on pages 56-61, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/206613">10.5281/zenodo.206613</a>
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pactola corporosa Mazur & Jezuita, 2015, sp. n.
No full text<i>Pactola corporosa</i> sp. n. <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Elytral disc with intervals 2–5 elevated basally and with large tubercles medially on interval 3 and beyond middle on interval 5 (Fig. 2). Tarsal claws weakly curved, strongly extended basally (Fig. 11). Male tegmen with very short, parameroid lobes (Fig. 25). Aedeagus with apodemes two times longer than aedeagal pedon; endophallus with characteristic, complex apparatus as long as pedon (Figs. 15–19).</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Male</p> <p> <i>Body colour and vestiture</i> (Fig. 1). Body entirely covered with small, subcircular, adjoining scales. Pronotum with sparse, protruding scales at anterior part and in middle. Elytra with intervals with single, thin, elongate scales. Tubercles on elytra furnished with bundle of oblanceolate, erect scales; scales very variable in color, from bright to blackish, in some specimens with darker, oblique medial stripe. Integument usually dark brown. Tarsi, apical part of tibiae, distal parts of femora and scape lighter (except darker apical part). Funicle and club light but visibly darker than distal part of scape; first desmomere darkened except at base. Ventral part with the same coloration as dorsum; basal part of metepisternum and metasternum with bright, adjoining, suboval setae, much larger than those on dorsal surface.</p> <p> <i>Head</i> (Figs. 3–5, 14). Head capsule transverse (hw/hl = 1.20–1.63). Frons narrower than basal part of rostrum, flat; eyes gently protruding above. Vertex glabrous, without tubercles. Eyes rounded, strongly convex in dorsal view; longer than half length of head (eyl/hl = 0.60–0.75). Temples shorter than eyes in dorsal and lateral views of head. Frons and inner margin of eyes without elongate scales. Rostrum almost straight, slightly bent near antennal insertion; longer than maximal width at apex (arw/rl = 0.50–0.73); portion before insertion of scape distinctly narrowed in both sexes; apex glabrous, shining, only with few, isolated, piliform scales. Scrobes straight, short, not reaching anterior margin of eyes. Underside of rostrum glabrous, black, with thin, piliform scales on prorostrum. Antennae inserted at approximately two-thirds length of rostrum. Scape elongate, reaching beyond posterior margin of eyes. Funicle much shorter than scape; first desmomere elongate, longer than 2 and 3 combined; 2 longer than 3; 3 slightly longer than wide; desmomeres 4 and 5 subquadrate, almost as long as their widths; 6 and 7 wider than long. Club elongate, almost twice as long as its width, and almost as long as last six desmomeres of funicle; covered with dense, piliform setae.</p> <p> <i>Pronotum</i> (Figs. 2, 14). Subquadrate to transverse (bpw/pl = 1.00–1.30), constricted before slightly rounded anterior margin and before rounded basal margin. Base 1.20–1.30 × as wide as anterior margin. Pronotal disc glabrous, without tubercles. Dorsal surface matte, with small, sparse punctures.</p> <p> <i>Elytra</i> (Figs. 2, 14). Stout, in dorsal view 1.40–1.50 as long as maximum width between humeral calli (el/ mew). Elytral base more than twice as wide as base of pronotum. Humeral calli well developed, protruding. Elytral disc with mostly strongly protruding tubercles, level of development of these tubercles variable, from strongly protruding to fine; intervals 2–5 convex, surface between them and medial tubercles depressed. Largest tubercles in middle of interstria 3 and beyond middle on interstria 5; two or three small tubercles on second interstria at apical half. Interstria 5 glabrous, not extended into prominent tubercle present on elytral declivity. Widths of interstriae irregular, distinctly broadened where tubercles are situated (except second interval). Striae with isolated, small, deep, suboval points. Scutellar shield subquadrate.</p> <p> <i>Legs</i> (Figs. 6–11). Front and middle tibiae slender, strongly constricted apically; outer margin with elongate, strongly protruding setae almost as long as half width of tibia. Hind tibiae strongly, regularly curved, slightly constricted before apex. Front and middle femora stout; front femur with minute, middle with slightly larger tooth. Hind femora strongly clavate with inner surface flattened, smooth and shiny to half of basal length; medial tooth strongly extended; its outer margin with line of short setae, some of them elongate.</p> <p> <b>FIGURE 15–26.</b> <i>Pactola corporosa</i> <b>sp. n.</b>: 15—aedeagus, lateral view; 16—aedeagus, dorsal view (ca—complex aparatus); 17—complex aparatus, dorsal view; 18—complex aparatus, lateral view; 19—complex aparatus, ventral view; 20—male pygydium, ventral view; 21—abdominal tergite 8, female; 22—spermatheca; 23—gonocoxite with genital sheath; 24—8th sternite, female; 25—tegmen, male; 26—spiculum gastrale, male.</p> <p> <b>MAP 1.</b> Distribution of <i>Pactola corporosa</i> <b>sp. n.</b> in New Caledonia.</p> <p>First tarsal segment of front and middle tarsi elongate, longer than 2 and 3 combined; on hind legs longer than remaining segments combined; tarsal claws elongate, slightly curved, strongly extended basally.</p> <p> <i>Abdomen</i> (Figs. 12, 13). Subquadrate, slightly wider than long in male. Entirely covered with two types of intermixed scales—minute, suboval, recumbent and piliform, protruding. First two ventrites with distinct, sparse, well isolated punctures, surface between them scabrous, matte. Sutures between ventrites 2–3 and 3–4 strongly depressed. Last ventrite truncate apically.</p> <p> <i>Terminalia</i> (Figs. 15–20, 25, 26). Pedon of aedeagus short, in dorsal view ca 2 × as long as wide; basal portion weakly sclerotised, prominent, incised apically; apex widely rounded, laterally slightly curved. Aedegal apodemes elongate, almost 2 × as long as pedon. Endophallus with distinctive, dense spines in suborificial part and complex transfer aparatus that is almost as long as pedon. Tegmen with thin, short parameroid lobes that are separated, sclerotised only basally and connected to each other by membrane; tegminal apodeme elongate, as long as tegminal ring. Spiculum gastrale with elongate apodeme, and with two, hooked processes basally; hemisternites irregular, well sclerotised. Pygidium subquadrate with maximum width at apical half; lobed middle part small with single setae.</p> <p> <i>Female</i> (Figs. 3, 12, 21–24). Very similar to male. Rostrum slightly longer, more slender. Eyes weakly convex. Abdomen longer than wide; last ventrite rounded, glabrous, with distinct punctures. Spermatheca robust, weakly curved. Spiculum ventrale with distinctly incised apical lobe, furnished with fine punctures and short setae. Abdominal tergite 8 triangular, surface transversally wrinkled, apex truncate, edge with numerous, strongly elongate setae. Styli very short with single, elongate apical seta; gonocoxite oval, ca 3 × as long as wide.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> <i>Holotype</i>: ♂— New Caledonia (N), 21 0 11’S /165 0 16’E, Aoupinié, 950 – 1000 m., meteo st. – summit, 8.02.2004, leg. M. Wanat (MNHN)</p> <p> <i>Paratypes</i>: 1♂ —same data as holotype (MNHW); 8♂♂, 3♀♀— New Caledonia (N), 21 0 11’S /165 0 17’E, Aoupinié, 900–950 m, gate—meteo st., 8.02.2004, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); 2♀♀— New Caledonia (N), 21 0 11’S / 165 0 17’E, Aoupinié, 820 m, camp at road, <i>ad lucem</i>, 8.02.2004, leg. M. Wanat (MNHW); 1♀— New Caledonia (N), 21 0 08.9’S /165 0 19.4’E, Aoupinié (refuge), 19.01. 2007, 420 m, leg. R. Dobosz (USMB); 1♂, 2♀♀— New Caledonia (N), 21 0 00.318’S /165 0 14.605’E, Tchamba (Wâo Uni), 20.03.2008 at light, from refuge to 500 m, leg. R. Dobosz (USMB); 1♀— New Caledonia (S), 22 0 01.9’S /166 0 28.0’E, Dzumac Mts (Mt Ouin road junction), 28.12. 2006, 900 m, leg. M. Wanat & R. Dobosz (MNHW).</p> <p> <b>Measurements.</b> Holotype ♂ apw 0.65; arw 0.30; bew 1.80; bpw 0.85; el 2.60; eyl 0.30; frw 0.25; hl 1.00; hw 0.60; lb 3.60; mew 1.80; mith 0.25; mpw 0.85; mth 0.50; pl 0.75; ptbl 0.85; ptbmw 0.15; rl 0.50; scl 0.65.</p> <p>Paratypes ♂/♀: apw 0.65/0.60–0.65; arw 0.35/0.30–0.35; bew 1.70–1.80/1.45–1.65; bpw 0.80–0.85/ 0.70–0.80; el 2.50–2.60/2.25–2.50; eyl 0.30/0.25–0.30; frw 0.25–0.30/0.20–0.25; hl 0.45–0.50/0.40–0.50; hw 0.60–0.65/0.55–0.60; lb 3.40–3.60/3.25–3.50; mew 1.70–1.80/1.50–1.70; mith 0.25/0.20; mpw 0.80–0.85/ 0.70–0.80; mth 0.45–0.55/0.45–0.55; pl 0.50–0.75/0.50–0.70; ptbl 0.80–0.90/0.80–0.85; ptbmw 0.10–0.15/ 0.10–0.15; rl 0.45–0.50/0.50; scl 0.65–0.70/0.60–0.65.</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>. The specific epithet comes from the Latin <i>corporosa</i> (= corpulent, obese) and refers to the corpulent form of the elytral disc.</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b>. New Caledonia (Map 1).</p> <p> <b>Biology</b>. Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Remarks</b>. The new species is most similar to the other members of the genus from New Caledonia having tubercles on the elytra (<i>P. setacea</i> Montr. and <i>P. proxima</i> Mazur). It can, however, be distinguished by the following combination of features: interstria 5 glabrous, not extended into prominent tubercle protruding beyond the edge of elytra at elytral declivity; front femora with minute teeth (large in <i>P. setacea</i> and <i>P. pro x i m a</i>); male tegmen with very short parameroid lobes (elongate in <i>P. s e t a c ea</i> and <i>P. pro x i m a</i>); aedeagus with complex aparatus (complex aparatus absent in <i>P. setacea</i> and <i>P. p rox i m a</i>).</p>Published as part of <i>Mazur, Miłosz A. & Jezuita, Anna, 2015, A new species of Pactola Pascoe, 1876 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Eugnomini) from New Caledonia, pp. 279-285 in Zootaxa 3931 (2)</i> on pages 280-285, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3931.2.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/244029">http://zenodo.org/record/244029</a>
Probabilistic framework to evaluate the resilience of engineering systems using Bayesian and dynamic Bayesian networks
No full textResilience indicators are a convenient tool to assess the resilience of engineering systems. They are often used in preliminary designs or in the assessment of complex systems. This paper introduces a novel approach to assess the time-dependent resilience of engineering systems using resilience indicators. A Bayesian network (BN) approach is employed to handle the relationships among the indicators. BN is known for its capability of handling causal dependencies between different variables in probabilistic terms. However, the use of BN is limited to static systems that are in a state of equilibrium. Being at equilibrium is often not the case because most engineering systems are dynamic in nature as their performance fluctuates with time, especially after disturbing events (e.g. natural disasters). Therefore, the temporal dimension is tackled in this work using the Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN). DBN extends the classical BN by adding the time dimension. It permits the interaction among variables at different time steps. It can be used to track the evolution of a system's performance given an evidence recorded at a previous time step. This allows predicting the resilience state of a system given its initial condition. A mathematical probabilistic framework based on the DBN is developed to model the resilience of dynamic engineering systems. Two illustrative examples are presented in the paper to demonstrate the applicability of the introduced framework. One example evaluates the resilience of Brazil. The other one evaluates the resilience of a transportation system.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Integral Design & Managemen
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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