1,720,984 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Ecología y comportamiento del delfín manchado costero Stenella attenuata graffmani (CETACEA:DELPHINIDAE) del Pacífico Norte de Costa Rica
No full textTesis (magister scientae en biología)--Universidad de Costa Rica. Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado, 2001.El 50% de las especies de cetáceos en Costa Rica son delfines. De estos el delfín manchado costero (Stenella attenuata graffamm) es la especie de deltrn más común. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar como la abundancia y los patrones de comportamiento pueden ser influenciados por las variables ambientales del Golfo de Papagayo, Pacífico norte de Costa Rica. Además se evaluó la técnica de foto- identificación para estudiar los patrones de movimiento y residencia de esta especie de delfín. Utilicé el método de transectos en banda y un método de conteo instantáneo para estudiar el comportamiento. Los datos se analizaron con modelos aditivos generalizado para determinar la relación ente las variables ambientales y la abundancia. Usé un análisis de correspondencia para estudiar los patrones de comportamiento con base a la hora del día y la época del año. El número de delfines incrementó linealmente con la profundidad y transparencia del agua, y de forma no linear con la concentración de oxígeno disuelto. Hubo una mayor abundancia de delfines durante los meses de época seca y una menor abundancia durante la época lluviosa. Las actividades de alimentación fueron más frecuentes en época seca y la socialización a mediados de la época seca. La alimentación ocurrió principalmente en horas del atardecer y la socialización a media mañana a lo largo del año. Un total de 28 delfines fueron recapturados lo que sugiere la residencia de estos al área de estudio. La variación estacional en la abundancia y en los patrones de comportamiento de delfines coincide con una alta biomasa y abundancia de zooplancton. Este zooplancton podría servir de alimento a peces y calamares. De esta manera la variación en la abundancia de delfines parece estar asociada a cambios ambientales que determinan la distribución de presas potenciales a lo largo del año.UCR::Investigación::Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado::Ciencias Básicas::Maestría Académica en Biologí
Phylogenetic and ecological significance in the evolution of Cetacean tonal sounds
No full textCetaceans are aquatic mammals that rely primarily on sound for most daily tasks. A compendium of sounds is emitted for orientation, prey detection, and predator avoidance, and to communicate. Communicative sounds are among the most studied Cetacean signals, particularly those referred to as tonal sounds. Because tonal sounds have been studied especially well in social dolphins, it has been assumed these sounds evolved as a social adaptation. However, whistles have been reported in ‘solitary’ species and have been secondarily lost three times in social lineages. Clearly, therefore, it is necessary to examine closely the association, if any, between whistles and sociality instead of merely assuming it. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the evolutionary history of Cetacean tonal sounds. The main goal of this dissertation is to cast light on the evolutionary history of tonal sounds by testing these hypotheses by combining comparative phylogenetic and field methods. This dissertation provides the first species-level phylogeny of Cetacea and phylogenetic tests of evolutionary hypotheses of cetacean communicative signals. Tonal sounds evolution is complex in that has likely been shaped by a combination of factors that may influence different aspects of their acoustical structure. At the inter-specific level, these results suggest that only tonal sound minimum frequency is constrained by body size. Group size also influences tonal sound minimum frequency. Species that live in large groups tend to produce higher frequency tonal sounds. The evolutionary history of tonal sounds and sociality may be intertwined, but in a complex manner rejecting simplistic views such as the hypothesis that tonal sounds evolved ‘for’ social communication in dolphins. Levels of social and tonal sound complexity nevertheless correlate indicating the importance of tonal sounds in social communication. At the intraspecific level, tonal sound variation in frequency and temporal parameters may be product of genetic isolation and local levels of underwater noise. This dissertation provides one of the first insights into the evolution of Cetacean tonal sounds in a phylogenetic context, and points out key species where future studies would be valuable to enrich our understanding of other factors also playing a role in tonal sound evolution
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Ecología y comportamiento del delfín manchado costero Stenella attenuata graffmani (CETACEA:DELPHINIDAE) del Pacífico Norte de Costa Rica
No full textUCR::Investigación::Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado::Ciencias Básicas::Maestría Académica en Biologí
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