1,721,102 research outputs found
Mild Combustion
No full textMild combustion processes evolve in a temperature and concentration range outside the sphere of interest of standard combustion processes, with the aim of lowering the maximum temperature of the whole process below the value at which substantial pollutant formation occurs. It represents a trade-off between optimizing fuel conversion in terms of energy saving and pollutant abatement, and maintaining the configurations of traditional processes. Stability, near-homogeneous temperature and concentration profiles, reduction and abatement of pollutants as well as very specific oxidative structures, different from the traditional thin flame, makes mild combustion a unique process, in terms of environmental sustainability.
Starting from the rigorous definition of mild combustion, in this chapter an overview of the main features of this process is given, underlining the gaps in basic knowledge that have to be filled so as to optimize the process for specific applications. It is followed by the classification of possible mild combustion in different configurations on the basis of the acquired categories both in fundamental and traditional combustion processes. Despite the various lacunae in our basic understanding of mild combustion, empirical knowledge of the process suffices to make several industrial facilities work in these operative conditions. The main characteristics of such applications are then described with particular regard to energy conversion, material treatment and pollution abatement plants
Effects of dietary Silybum marianum powder on growth performance, egg and carcass characteristics, immune response, intestinal microbial population, haemato-biochemical parameters and sensory meat quality of laying quails
No full textThe study aimed to assess the effects of different dietary Silybum marianum (SM, milk thistle)
powder levels on growth performance, productivity, immunity, small intestine, haemato biochemical parameters, meat quality, and egg and carcass characteristics of laying quails. The
experimental subjects consisted of one hundred and eight 43-day-old quails divided into 3
treatments (0, 0.75, and 1.50% SM) with 4 replicates each. The egg characteristics and growth
performance of the quails were evaluated. Quails were euthanized for evaluation of carcasses,
microbiota, and sensory characteristics of meat. Blood samples were analyzed for haematology
and biochemical profile. Silybum marianum at 0.75% and 1.50% significantly (P < 0.05)
increased feed intake, enhanced egg characteristics (number, weight, width, length, volume,
weight of egg yolk, and eggshell thickness), jejunum and ileum length, spleen weight,
lactobacillus population, sensory characteristics of meat, RBC, hemoglobin, erythrocytic indices,
concentration of albumin, globulin and TSH. Silybum marianum at 0.75% and 1.50% decreased
(P < 0.05) carcass weight (abdominal fat, heart, neck, and pancreas), feed conversion ratio
(FCR) based on eggs produced, percentages of heterophils and lymphocytes, concentration of
lactate dehydrogenase, population of coliforms clostridia, and Escherichia coli. Aspartate
aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and creatine kinase were not
significantly (P > 0.05) altered by 0.75% and 1.50% SM. Silybum marianum at both levels
(0.75% and 1.50%) may improve growth, egg characteristics, immune response, intestinal
morphology and microbiota, meat quality and erythropoiesis, and also lead to decreased
cholesterol in laying quails. Economics can be improved, too. The authors recommend adding
1.0% of SM to quail die
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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