1,721,012 research outputs found
“This is a book about relations”: Pollution is Colonialism by Max Liboiron
Get PDFBook Review of Pollution is Colonialism (2021) by Max Liboiron
Ep. #180 - Max Liboiron
No full textThis recording and transcript form part of a collection of podcasts conducted by the Cultures of Energy at Rice University. Cultures of Energy brings writers, artists and scholars together to talk, think and feel their way into the Anthropocene. We cover serious issues like climate change, species extinction and energy transition. But we also try to confront seemingly huge and insurmountable problems with insight, creativity and laughter.It’s a dazzling display of randomness to open this week’s podcast as your co-hosts discuss the Inslee/DNC fracas, writing memoirs in the forest, whether “in the danceline” can sub for “in the pipeline” and then Cymene coins the word “heteropuntal.” Then (18:03) we are very fortunate to welcome Max Liboiron (https://maxliboiron.com) to the podcast. Max is Director of the Civic Laboratory for Environmental Action Research (CLEAR) and Assistant Professor of Geography at Memorial University of Newfoundland. We begin with CLEAR as an incubator for better, more anti-colonial and feminist scientific methods, relations and ethics. She tells us about the importance of equity and humility in her lab’s work, and how they’ve established feminist protocols for conversation and authorship. We turn from there to their research on marine plastic pollution, which talks back to universalist discourse on plastic contamination. Max talks about the hate mail they’ve received, environmental harm vs. environmental violence, the importance of null results, wrestling with toxic agency and why she moved away from art to get her hands dirty in colonial science. In closing we talk about the open science hardware as a mixed bag, upstream violence, and which is more fun: stand up or roller derby. Be good relations, dear listeners, and cite CLEAR’s work! You can find more information and an archive at: https://civiclaboratory.n
Surface water plastics in the Eastern Arctic
No full textThis study finds an average of 0.018 plastic particles/m2 in surface waters near the capital city of Iqaluit in Tasiujarjuaq (Frobisher Bay), Nunavut (0.014 particles/m2), and in the Labrador Sea close to Qaqortoq and Narsaq in southwest Greenland (0.026 particles/m2). While a comparison with other studies shows the abundance of plastics in the study area holds with a broad increase in plastic abundance in the north compared to the south, within and across study areas, latitude does not appear to be a significant factor in plastic abundance. Moreover, some characteristics of recovered plastics such as morphology and colour support local origins, while others support long range transport. Research moving forward should consider relative scales in spatial trends of plastic abundance.
Samples for this study were collected in 2018 by a team of settler, non-Inuit authors using a Manta surface water trawl with a net mesh size of 335μm, and each trawl was conducted for 30 minutes. The cut off size for this data set is 425μm.
Sample collection sites were designed to answer two specific questions. First, whether burned plastics that might have originated in the Iqaluit landfill were moving from land into Tasiujarjuaq, a local hypothesis. Sampling locations in Tasiujarjuaq are grouped close to Iqaluit and further in the bay to test that hypothesis. Secondly, the site in southwest Greenland was used as a comparison to determine whether the abundance and types of plastics in Tasiujarjuaq (both near Iqaluit and farther into the bay) were markedly different than those of a location in another current but at a similar latitude. This sample collection design this provides a snapshot of plastic profiles in key locations, and is limited to wider generalizations given its relatively low sample size (see the section below on statistical power), and that samples were collected in the late summer months rather than across multiple seasons.
This data was used for the publication: "Abundance and types of plastic pollution in surface waters in the Eastern Arctic (Inuit Nunangat) and the case for reconciliation science" (2021). More information about the data is available there, and/or by contacting Max Liboiron [email protected]
Rubbish and other Crap, Debris, Detritus, Dirt, Discards, Garbage, Junk, Leftovers, Litter, Refuse, Rejects, Remains, Ruins, Scrap, Shit, Shreds, Trash and Waste
No full textThis study investigates the relationship between value and the use of rubbish in art practice through its defining terms. As practice based research, the project is a survey of 19 selected keyword synonymous rubbish categories variously used by artists which are analysed (compared/contrasted) in terms of value to the author's own practice. The project borrows from a range of rubbish-related disciplines and uses a participant-observational and bricolage approach to attempt to define the personal value of rubbish in art as a working definition for the purposes of this research. The practice is presented as a Rubbish Newspaper, Rubbish Dictionary and connected public blogs which have developed from a notional literature
review of artists using rubbish including artists' interviews and conversations. The survey findings have been divided into the Newspaper; simultaneously art evaluating the art works that are considered dissimilar, the Dictionary; comparing and contrasting, recognising a similarity in attributable values of the art works to the author's own practice and project blogs publicly documents the process as it happened. This thesis as academic writing illustrates the practice-led research in a sequential order reflecting the project chronology. The thesis analyses the project methodology against the methods of six selected key artists (two per chapter) within a project chronological structure: Collection; Display and Exchange. Collection analyses the data collection and categorisation of Mark Dion and Michael Landy's practice methodologies, Display analyses the Newspaper against David Shrigley and Maurice Carlin's display methodologies, and Exchange analyses the role and indeterminacy of language and exchange-value through various modes of exchange against Allan Kaprow and John O'Hare's work. A critical analysis of the methods finds the indeterminacy of language and the fluidity/plasticity of value to be central components in the understanding of this complex research question. Definitions, categories, use and exchange-values, and their various subjectivities and indeterminacies, are fundamental notions of the relationship between value and use of rubbish in art practice. By appropriating rubbish in art in specific ways, the boundaries of these fundamental notions are blurred and must be redefined, recategorised and analysed continuously, without a consistently determinate position. This ongoing process means that the specific research findings in relation to practice presented here are only applicable for the time and context they were created in, and may shift and change according to new information and analysis. The new understandings of the role of indeterminacy in the relationship between value and rubbish objects and ideas has developed into a new direction of practice; concerning dialogue exchange in (re)defining values of rubbish within art contexts. This conclusion to the project is the beginning of an extended research project into the dual value and meaning of “Talking Rubbish
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Review of participation of Indigenous peoples in plastics pollution governance
Get PDFWhile calls for Indigenous participation in plastics pollution governance are increasingly common, exactly what participation means remains unclear. This review investigates how English-language peer-reviewed and gray literature describe Indigenous participation and its barriers and analyzes the dominant terms, models, enactments, and theories of Indigenous participation in plastics pollution work. We find that different actors – Indigenous people and organizations, non-Indigenous authors, mixed collaborations, and settler governments and NGOs – are talking about participation in acutely different ways. Non-Indigenous actors tend to focus on the inclusion of Indigenous people, either as data, knowledge, or a presence in existing frameworks. Mixed Indigenous and non-Indigenous author groups focus on partnership and collaboration, though with significant diversity in terms of what modes of decision-making, rights, and leadership these collaborations entail. Indigenous authors and organization advocate for participation premised on Indigenous rights, sovereignty, creation, and leadership. We end by characterizing Indigenous Environmental Justice (IEJ) in the literature. IEJ provides a notably unique way of understanding and intervening in plastics pollution. The text is designed so researchers and organizers can be more specific, deliberate, and just in the way Indigenous peoples participate in plastic pollution research, initiatives, and governance
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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