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    البيئة الثقافية لشعوب الصحراء العربية الكويت في رواية "ناقة صالحة" لسعود السنعوسي دراسة البيئة الثقافية لجلوليان ه. ستيوارد

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    ABSTRAK Naqotu Salihah merupakan sebuah novel yang menceritakan tentang masyarakat suku Kuwait yang berada di lingkungan gurun,yang terdapat peristiwa dari lagu lama dengan memainkan rabab dan menyanyikan kehilangan,yang disebut “Khaloj”,dan menggambarkan tentang seekor unta yang kehilangan bayinya saat melahirkan. Di dalamnya juga mengungkapkan suatu kebudayaan masyarakat gurun Kuwait yang memanfaatkan sumber daya alam di sekitarnya. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan bentuk-bentuk ekologi budaya masyarakat Gurun Kuwait dalam Novel Naqotu Salihah karya Sa’ud As-San’usi dan pengaruh ekologi budaya oleh masyarakat gurun Kuwait dengan menggunakan teori ekologi Budaya Julian H,Steward.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penelitian adalah Novel “Naqotu Salihah” karya sa’ud As-san’usi dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan data membaca dan mencatat. Sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan teori ekologi budaya Julian H.Steward. hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Bentuk ekologi budaya masyarakat gurun Kuwait dengan memanfaatkan sumber daya alam untuk memenuhi kehidupan masyarakat dengan cara mengembala dan berdagang, sumber daya alam tersebut berupa unta,domba,kuda,tanaman kurma dan henna.adapula tradisi pakaian dan alat musik yang terdapat dalam masyarakat suku Kuwait. 2) pengaruh ekologi budaya yaitu masyarakat dapat memenuhi kehidupannya dengan sumber daya alam yang hidup berdampingan dengan mereka dan menjadikannya suatu teknologi untuk masyarakat setempat,seperti unta dan domba yang mereka manfaatkan sebagai alat transportasi,kotoran unta,belerang kering dan ranting yang mereka manfatkan untuk bakan bakar,susu unta dan domba sebagai sumber mata pencaharian dan kebutuhan sehari-hari,juga untuk hidangan perayaan besar masyarakat Kuwait, dan tanaman henna yang mereka jadikan suatu tradisi masyarakat dengan menggambar tangan mereka dengan cantik untuk perayaan besar seperti pernikahan,idul adha dan idul fitri. ABSTRACT Naqotu Salihah is a novel that tells the story of Kuwaiti tribal people in a desert environment, where there are events from old songs by playing rabab and singing loss, called "Khaloj", and drawing a camel that lost its baby during childbirth. It also reveals a culture of Kuwaiti desert people who utilize the surrounding natural resources. This study aims to reveal the forms of cultural ecology of the Kuwait Desert people in the Naqotu Salihah Novel by Sa'ud As-San'usi and the influence of cultural ecology by the Kuwaiti desert people using the cultural ecology theory of Julian H, Steward.This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The source of data in the study was the novel "Naqotu Salihah" by Sa'ud As-san'usi using reading and recording data collection techniques. While the data analysis uses Julian H.Steward's theory of cultural ecology. The results of this study are: 1) The form of cultural ecology of Kuwaiti desert communities by utilizing natural resources to meet people's lives by herding and trading, these natural resources are camels, sheep, horses, date palm plants and henna.there are also traditions of clothing and musical instruments found in Kuwaiti tribal society. 2) the influence of cultural ecology that people can fulfill their lives with natural resources that coexist with them and make it a technology for local communities, such as camels and sheep which they use as a means of transportation, camel dung, dried sulfur and twigs that they use for burning, camel milk and sheep as a source of livelihood and daily needs, also for the great celebratory dishes of the Kuwaiti people, and henna plants that they make a community tradition by drawing their hands beautifully for big celebrations such as weddings, Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Fitri. مستخلص البحث ناقة صالحية هي رواية تحكي قصة أبناء القبائل الكويتية في بيئة صحراوية، حيث توجد أحداث من الأغاني القديمة من خلال عزف الرباب وغناء الخسارة، المسمى "خلوج"، ورسم جمل فقد طفله أثناء الولادة. كما يكشف عن ثقافة سكان الصحراء الكويتية الذين يستخدمون الموارد الطبيعية المحيطة. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن أشكال البيئة الثقافية لأهل صحراء الكويت في رواية نقوتو صالحة لسعود السنوسي وتأثير البيئة الثقافية من قبل أهل الصحراء الكويتية باستخدام نظرية البيئة الثقافية لجوليان ه.ستيوارد. هذا البحث هو بحث نوعي وصفي. كان مصدر البيانات في الدراسة رواية "نقوتو صالحة" لسعود السنوسي باستخدام تقنيات جمع البيانات للقراءة والتسجيل. بينما يستخدم تحليل البيانات نظرية جوليان إتش ستيوارد للبيئة الثقافية. نتائج هذه الدراسة هي: 1) شكل البيئة الثقافية للمجتمعات الصحراوية الكويتية من خلال استخدام الموارد الطبيعية لتلبية حياة الناس عن طريق الرعي والتجارة ، وهذه الموارد الطبيعية هي الجمال والأغنام والخيول ونباتات النخيل والحناء ، وهناك أيضا تقاليد الملابس والآلات الموسيقية الموجودة في المجتمع القبلي الكويتي. 2) تأثير البيئة الثقافية التي يمكن للناس أن يحققوا حياتهم بالموارد الطبيعية التي تتعايش معهم وتجعلها تقنية للمجتمعات المحلية ، مثل الإبل والأغنام التي يستخدمونها كوسيلة للنقل ، وروث الإبل ، والكبريت المجفف والأغصان التي يستخدمونها للحرق ، وحليب الإبل والأغنام كمصدر للرزق والاحتياجات اليومية ، أيضا بالنسبة للأطباق الاحتفالية الرائعة للشعب الكويتي ، ونباتات الحناء التي يصنعونها تقليدا مجتمعيا من خلال رسم أيديهم بشكل جميل للاحتفالات الكبيرة مثل حفلات الزفاف وعيد الأضحى وعيد الفطر

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Optimizing Elementary School students' Creative Thingking skill Through diferentiated Learning: Optimalisasi Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Sekolah Dasar Melalui Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi

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    The aim of this research is to analyze the implementation of differentiated learning in optimizing students' creative thinking abilities,as well as analyzing students' creative thinking abilities in differentiated learning. Approach to this research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects of this research were 24 students of the VA MI Darusalam Candi class. Data collection techniques are observation, documentation and creative thinking ability tests. The form of test carried out to test creative thinking skills is a project to create a food chain with an assessment containing 4 indicators  fluency,flexibility,originality,elaboration. The conclusion that can be drawn from this research shows that the differentiated learning implemented at MI Darusalan Candi for  with food chain material can optimize students' creative thinking abilities, this can be seen in the results of the students' creative thinking ability test,where there were only two students who less creative at the level of his creative thinking abilities

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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    Factors Influencing Failure of Reading

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    The objective of this research are: to find out the forms of failure of reading in English texts in English learning, to find out the factors influencing the failure of reading English texts in English learning, to find out how does the failure of reading English texts influence English learning process, to find out the ways of teacher to overcame failure of reading English texts in English learning among students. The result of the research are: The less time allocation of teaching and learning, The lack of students‟ self-confident in English learning because of the lack of vocabulary. The dominant factor influencing the failures of reading English texts in English learning are: the students‟ weak understanding of grammar and vocabulary. The teacher‟s effort to overcame reading failure are: asking the students to make exercise of English learning by working in groups, Asking the students to read English text and then asking the other students to scrutinize it.   Keywords: Failure of reading ;English text ; English learning ; Teacher’s effort

    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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