12,753 research outputs found
Proteins released from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) referent and clinical strains under microaerobiosis and their effects on cystic fibrosis airways
No full textLittle is known about changes in protein secretion in Pa laboratory and clinical strains induced by oxygen limitation and their effects on epithelial cells. Here, we demonstrated that conditioned medium from PAO1 and clinical strain AA2 under aerobiosis induced a statistically significant increase of about 2.9 and 4.9 times, respectively of IL-8 and TNF-_ mRNA, in CF airway epithelial cells. This induction was reduced of about 25% when strains were grown under microaerobiosis, suggesting that adaptation to microaerobiosis reduces Pa pathogenicity. Two-dimensional capillary chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (MudPIT) identified 75 polypeptides released by PAO1 and 198 by AA2 in aerobiosis. Differential expression was observed under microaerobiosis when compared to aerobiosis with 6 proteins up-regulated in PAO1 and 7 proteins upregulated in AA2; 4 proteins were downregulated in AA2. 7 proteases were released from AA2 while only 1 from PAO1 with strong down modulation of alkaline metalloprotease in microaerobiosis by AA2 as confirmed by proteolytic activity assay.
Identification of virulence factors might be facilitated by this combined approach suggesting molecular targets for pharmacological intervention.
Supported by: Italian Cystic Fibrosis Research Foundation FFCgrant17/2006; Comitato Vicenza-Associazione Veneta Lotta contro la Fibrosi Cistica; Azienda Ospedaliera Verona, Italy. Equal contribution: C Cigana and P Mauri
La soddisfazione materna come indicatore di qualità dell’assistenza ostetrica al parto
No full textAbstract Introduction The World Health Organization in the “Intrapartum Care for a positive Childbirth Experience” states that, in addition to clinical care and quality indicators, it is necessary to take into account the psychological well-being and the personal satisfaction of women after childbirth in order to assess the quality of midwifery care. Maternal satisfaction is a multidimensional construct influenced by several factors and is not related only to the absence of adverse events. High maternal satisfaction appears to be associated with numerous long-term positive effects on both mother and newborn health, both physical and psychological. Women who experience childbirth negatively are significantly more at risk of developing post-partum depression and have more difficulty in establishing a positive bond with the newborn. The Italian translation of the english BSS-R questionnaire was presented in a recently published study. This test was examined and validated in different countries, and it is considered a reliable tool to measure maternal satisfaction at childbirth. Aim of the study The purpose of this study is to evaluate maternal satisfaction at childbirth through the administration of BSS-R, translated and validated in Italian, to a sample of women who gave birth in Clinica Mangiagalli of Milan. Materials and Methods The sampling was convenient, and the data were collected through consultation of the medical records and administration of the I-BSS-R questionnaire to the selected women after obtaining their informed consent. The data collection took place between June and September 2019. Results The sample consists of 100 mostly Italian women (77%). Of these women, 55% are first time mothers and 45% are multiparous. 89% of these women gave birth spontaneously, 5% with operative delivery and 6% had a caesarean section in labour. Among the women who gave birth spontaneously, 52% had a spontaneous tear, 39% had an episiotomy, 8% had an intact perineum and 1% a complicated tear. 77% of the women in the sample required epidural analgesia. The averages of the total scores and those of the scores subdivided in the three dimensions of the Italian BSS-R were compared with the same scores of the English and Spanish studies; the Italian women appear, on average, less satisfied. The mean of the scores of subgroups in the sample were then compared by identifying a specific variable. In particular, the multiparous appear to have average scores higher than the nulliparous in the dimensions “stress experienced during labour” and “women’s personal attributes” and in the total score. Women who have given birth spontaneously appear to have higher average scores in all the dimensions of the test than women who have faced an operating birth or a C-section in labour. There was also a difference in the scores of I-BSS-R in relation to perineal outcomes: women who gave birth with intact perineum or spontaneous tear have higher scores in dimensions “stress experienced during labour” and “women’s personal attributes” and in total score. Women who have not required epidural analgesia are best performing in the “stress size experienced during labour” and “quality of care provision” dimensions and in the total score. In this study the participation in childbirth preparation course, contrary to previous published studies, does not positively affect the overall satisfaction of women in childbirth. Finally, it seems that women with a higher cultural level have higher average satisfaction scores than women with a lower or higher secondary school diploma Conclusions Maternal satisfaction appears to be affected both by factors relating to labor and childbirth and by factors relating to the history of women, such as participation in the childbirth preparation course or their qualification. The scores obtained with I-BSS-R are on average lower than the scores reported by the Spanish and English study, and this result could identify the need to implement measures to increase women’s satisfaction. The first step on the part of health professionals could be to minimize medical interventions during labour and childbirth, as recommended by the WHO(4). Improvement and reinforcement of childbirth preparation course could also contribute to increase safety and improve women’s expectations, and also have a positive influence on their satisfaction after childbirth
The Use of Differential Pricing in Tourism and Hospitality
No full textDue to the widespread adoption of revenue management strategies within the hospitality business, pricing has become more and more a central topic both for academics and practitioners. In particular, pricing has evolved towards value-based approaches, dynamic and customized through the use of price differentiation. “Rate fences” are the criteria that hotels adopt to separate customer segments whose
service values may differ. The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the academic literature as well as the business practices relating to this subject. The authors propose a logical link between rate fences and the hedonic pricing approach.
Main topics are 1) rate fence classifications and 2) the effectiveness of rate fences and their impacts on perceptions of fairness. Overall, this contribution suggests that time-based rate fences are fundamental at the destination level, and they are strictly connected to seasonality. Destinations’ policymakers and firms can consider strategies and tools for overcoming seasonality, including special events that may
take place in a destination
Entrevista com o Tradutor Paulo Henriques Britto
No full textNo Brasil se traduz muitíssimo, mas os tradutores não gozam, em geral,de muito prestígio. Paulo Henriques Britto é uma das exceções nesse pa-norama. Tradutor profissional, ele prova, como Lope de Vega no teatro,que a técnica e a arte não são necessariamente inimigas da quantidade.Sua dedicação ao livro alheio não exclui o cultivo da obra pessoal: é umpoeta amplamente respeitado (seu Trovar Claro, que acaba de sair, foiacolhido com carinho pela crítica) e um ensaísta com idéias próprias(ver seu artigo sobre Henry James neste número dos Cadernos). As per-guntas foram formuladas por Mauri Furlan e Walter Carlos Cost
Characteristics of PA cost-effectiveness studies by the first author, setting, number of PAs & design.
No full textCharacteristics of PA cost-effectiveness studies by the first author, setting, number of PAs & design.</p
Hannemania achalai Alzuet and Mauri 1987
No full textHannemania achalai Alzuet and Mauri, 1987 (Figures 1–3) H. achalai Alzuet and Mauri, 1987: 114 Diagnosis — SIF = 5B–B–3–2111.0000; fPp = B/B/BBB. Pc = 3; Gn = 2; fSc = PL> AL ≥ AM; PL/SB; fCx = 2.1.1; fSt = 0.1; DS = 53 – 75; VS = 49 – 69; NDV = 132; Ip = 765 – 865; AW = 50 – 60; PW = 65 – 80; SB = 20 – 30; ASB = 45 – 55; PSB = 20 – 25; SD = 75 – 80; AP = 15 – 20; AM = 30 – 40; AL = 30 – 40; PL = 60 – 70; S = 75 – 115; H = 40 – 45; D min = 30 – 45; D max = 50 – 65; Vmin = 30 – 35; V max = 35 – 45; pa = 280 – 320; pm = 240 – 275; pp = 250 – 290. Emended description (larva, n = 63) Idiosoma — 950 – 1215 long and 450 – 600 wide (Figures 1 A–B). Eyes 2 + 2, total number of idiosomal setae range from 102 to 144. Scutum with naso, 70 – 80 long and 70 – 85 wide (Figure 1E); diameter of sensillary bases 7 – 9, AMW = 9 – 11. Ventrally with only one pair of posterior sternal setae (Figure 1B). Gnathosoma — 95 – 110 long and 60 – 70 wide (Figures 1 C–D, 3A). Palp, five-segmented with following setal distribution: trochanter without setae, femur and genua with one branched 2009, coll. A. L. Martino, P. R. Grenat and M. Otero. 5 larvae (CNAC007188–007191) ex Pleurodema cordobae [884], ARGENTINA, Córdoba, Mal Paso, Pampa de Achala, - 31°49’52”, -64°51’40”, 2308 m a.s.l., 16 Feb. 2010, coll. A. L. Martino, J. A. Valetti, P. R. Grenat, M. Otero and F. G. Biolé. 11 larvae (CNAC007192–007197) same data except host [885]. 5 larvae (CNAC007198–007201) ex Pleurodema cordobae [898], ARGENTINA, Córdoba, Cerro Negro, -31°57’26.2”, -64°54’59.7”, 2323 m a.s.l., 5 Nov. 2011, coll. M. Otero. 12 larvae (CNAC007202–007206) ex Pleurodema cordobae [905], ARGENTINA, Córdoba, Los Tabaquillos, -32°23’58.4”, -64°55’35.1”, 2113 m a.s.l., 22 Nov. 2011, coll. J. A. Valetti, P. R. Grenat, M. Otero and A. L. Martino. 6 larvae (CNAC007207–007210) ex Pleurodema kriegi [759] ARGENTINA, Córdoba, La Posta, -31°36’43.7”, -64°52’26.7”, 2159 m a.s.l., 4 Dec. 2008, coll. J. A. Valetti, J. Marquez and M. Ammann. 6 larvae (CNAC007211–007213) ex Pleurodema kriegi [862], ARGENTINA, Córdoba, Pampa de Achala, La Trinidad, -31°44’13”, -64°50’58”, 2318 m a.s.l., 5 Jan. 2010, coll. J. A. Valetti, A. L. Martino and C. Casale. 12 larvae (CNAC007214–007217) ex Pleurodema kriegi [1633], ARGENTINA, Córdoba, Pampa de Achala, El Cóndor, -31°36’23”, -64°52’06”, 2178 m a.s.l., 16 Dec. 1981, coll. R. Martori. Remarks — All the specimens with 2 genualae I, except one specimen (CNAC007207) with 2 genualae on right leg and 1 genuala on left leg, and one specimen (CNAC007186) with 2 genualae on right leg and 3 genualae on left leg. All the specimens with 1 genuala III, except one specimen (CNAC007184) with 1 genuala on left leg and 2 genualae on right leg. We find that our specimens are conspecific with H. achalai based on the palpal setal formula, the palpal claw, and the number of specialized nude setae on legs: genualae I–III, tibialae I–III, tarsalae and pretarsalae I–II, and subterminala I. However, the specimens analysed in this study differ from the original description by Alzuet and Mauri (1987) in the following characters: 1) the shape of galeala which is sparsely branched instead nude as mentioned by Alzuet and Mauri (1987), and 2) the presence of 2 genualae I constantly, whereas in the type specimens the number of genualae I range 2–4 (Alzuet and Mauri 1987). These differences are considered here as intraspecific variation until type material can be examined. According to Alzuet and Mauri (1987) and Salazar Martínez et al. (2004) the type material is deposited at Museo de La Plata (MLP), Argentina, however, types were not seen for this study.Published as part of Paredes-León, Ricardo, Biolé, Fernanda G., Valetti, Julián A. & Martino, Adolfo L., 2018, A redescription of the chigger Hannemania achalai Alzuet and Mauri, 1987 (Acariformes: Prostigmata: Leeuwenhoekiidae) in frogs from Sierra Grande, Cordoba, Argentina, pp. 159-164 in Acarologia 1987 (1) on pages 160-164, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20184234, http://zenodo.org/record/448748
South African responses to Open Access publishing: a survey of the research community
No full textOpen access publishing offers wide benefits to the scholarly community and may also afford relief to financially embattled academic libraries. The progress of the open access model rests upon the acceptance and validation of open access journals and open archives or institutional repositories by the academic mainstream, particularly by publishing researchers. To what extent are the key actors in the South African research system aware of the advantages of open access? This article reports on the findings of a recent survey undertaken to assess the current awareness, concerns and depth of support for open access amongst local researchers, research managers and policy makers in South Africa. The study focuses on issues of quality, article or author charges and the established academic reward system. It concludes that within the prevailing framework, there is little prospect that academics would choose to publish within open access
journals. Recommendations for advocacy by the library community are proposed
Kaupapa Māori wellbeing framework: the basis for whānau violence prevention and intervention
No full textWith Māori over-represented in family violence statistics as both victims and perpetrators, this paper identifies some key considerations for implementing violence prevention and intervention initiatives.
Key messages:
Māori are over-represented in family violence statistics as both victims and perpetrators. The causes of whānau violence are acknowledged as complex and as sourced from both historical and contemporary factors. The impact of colonisation needs to be considered in order to respond effectively to whānau violence.
Western approaches have not curbed the epidemic of whānau violence. Multi-level approaches to whānau violence prevention and intervention are more likely to achieve the best results.
Understanding the difference between whānau and family is critical in terms of any prevention and intervention practices, policies and legislation.
The use of cultural imperatives, for example, whakapapa, tikanga, wairua, tapu, mauri, and mana, has the potential to inform wellbeing in intimate partner and whānau relationships, transform behaviours and provide alternatives to violence. Using these imperatives can guide transformative practices and inform strategies for whānau violence prevention and whānau wellbeing. They can also be seen as protective factors within whānau, hapū and iwi.
Culturally responsive initiatives and programmes that restore and strengthen whānau and communities should be considered as well as the individual based interventions of mainstream for Māori whānau. Kaupapa Māori conceptual frameworks, for example the Mauri Ora framework, advocate for the development of Māori models that change the way whānau violence is understood and managed.
Successful programmes are likely to have:
- Māori population based responses that complement the work of Māori and other community-based intervention services. These should be grounded in te reo me ona tikanga (Māori language and culture), underpinned by Māori values and beliefs, Māori cultural paradigms and frameworks
- Government agencies working in close collaboration with iwi organisations to facilitate the implementation of Māori whānau violence prevention initiatives that meet the needs, priorities and aspirations of iwi
- Funding sufficient to (a) engage leaders and staff who have the nationally and locally recognised skills to ensure successful implementation of violence prevention initiatives, and (b) to allow for local consultation and subsequent responsiveness in planned activities and projects
- Support for capacity building opportunities for both prevention and intervention staff, including opportunities for networking, advocacy, and training
- Māori violence prevention initiatives that are funded for research and evaluation in a way that builds local knowledge within a Māori worldview
Author Co-Citation Analysis (ACA): a powerful tool for representing implicit knowledge of scholar knowledge workers
No full textIn the last decade, knowledge has emerged as one of the most important and valuable organizational assets. Gradually this importance caused to emergence of new discipline entitled ―knowledge management‖. However one of the major challenges of knowledge management is conversion implicit or tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Thus Making knowledge visible so that it can be better accessed, discussed, valued or generally managed is a long-standing objective in knowledge management. Accordingly in this paper author co- citation analysis (ACA) will be proposed as an efficient technique of knowledge visualization in academia (Scholar knowledge workers)
Relative (pa,pb,pa,pa−b)-difference sets in p-subgroups of SL(n,K)
No full textAbstractIn this note, we study relative (pa,pb,pa,pa−b)-relative difference sets in certain p-subgroups of SL(n,K), K=Fq, where q is a prime power
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