1,720,960 research outputs found
La représentation du jeu vidéo dans le roman contemporain japonais. Les itérations vidéoludiques de la mort vues par la littérature
No full textInternational audienc
La représentation du jeu vidéo dans le roman contemporain japonais. Les itérations vidéoludiques de la mort vues par la littérature
No full textInternational audienc
島尾敏雄と夢の方法
No full textÉcrivain souvent décrit comme avant-gardiste et impénétrable, mais aussi comme l'un des derniers maîtres du shishôsetsu (roman personnel), Shimao Toshio (1917-1986) occupe une place singulière dans la littérature japonaise d'après-guerre. Son œuvre a traversé le XXe siècle dans un étrange état d'isolement, hautement estimée par ses pairs, mais restant méconnue et mal comprise. L'auteur tire un statut presque mythique de la particularité de son expérience de guerre (commandant d'un escadron de tokkôtai mobilisé dans les îles Ryûkyû) et des vicissitudes qui l'ont suivie, comme la maladie mentale de sa femme Miho. Celle-ci a inspiré son roman le plus célèbre, Shi no toge (L'Aiguillon de la mort, 1960-1976). Cette expérience de vie conflictuelle s'est prolongée par un conflit intérieur qui l'a vu épuiser l'ensemble des formes littéraires de la modernité, romantisme, naturalisme, surréalisme, sans jamais se satisfaire réellement d'aucune d'entre elles.Cependant, par-delà cette tendance au conflit, l'un des éléments les plus constants de l'œuvre de Shimao reste son intérêt pour le rêve. Si l'écriture onirique dans la littérature moderne se trouve au carrefour d'une tradition esthétique, de l'exploration de soi et de la contestation du réalisme, elle prend chez lui une dimension tant poétique qu'existentielle. Tour à tour expérimentation (anti-)romanesque, tentative de résolution des conflits et recherche du temps perdu, cette écriture devenue méthode fournit les outils de la compréhension de l'identité narrative de l'auteur. Tout en en faisant la « voie royale » pour comprendre Shimao, cette thèse se propose aussi de saisir en quoi le rêve peut servir la littérature.Often described as an avant-garde and impenetrable writer, but also as one of the last masters of the shishōsetsu genre, Shimao Toshio (1917-1986) occupies a special place in Japanese postwar literature. His work went through the 20th century in a strange state of isolation, widely acclaimed by his peers, but still insufficiently known and understood. Shimao acquired a near mythical status from the particularity of his war experience (he was the leader of a squad of kamikaze tokkōtai which was mobilized in the Ryūkyū islands) and its aftermath, like the madness of his wife Miho, which inspired his most famous novel, Shi no toge (The Sting of Death, 1960-1976). Along with these life antagonisms, he also endured an inner conflict which drew him towards most modern literary forms, romantism, naturalism, surrealism, without being really satisfied with either of them in the end.However, beyond this tendency to conflict, one of the most constant elements of Shimao's work is his interest in dreams. While dreamlike writing in modern literature often lies at the junction of aesthetic tradition, exploration of the self and contestation of realism, in Shimao's case, its importance is both poetic and existential. As a « method » of (anti-)novel experimentation, attempt at conflict resolution and research of lost time, the use of dreams provide the tools of the understanding of the author's narrative identity. Through the idea that this dream method can be the « royal road » to understand Shimao, this thesis also aims at making his work an example of the way dreams serve literature as a whole
Le temps et l’espace dans les récits de guerre de Shimao Toshio
Get PDFSi les tokkōtai (ou kamikaze) laissèrent une large trace dans la mémoire de la guerre du Pacifique et dans la culture populaire, les récits de guerre de Shimao Toshio 島尾敏雄 (1917-1986) restent leur seul témoignage littéraire d’importance. Shimao fut commandant d’un escadron naval au sein des forces d’attaques spéciales, et sa mission fut de conduire des bateaux torpilles (shin.yō), chargés d’explosifs, à l’assaut des vaisseaux américains. Il fut affecté en octobre 1944 au sud de l’archipel d’A..
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
研究発表 鳥尾敏雄『死の棘』の構成の一面――草稿から作品への第四章「日は日に」の作成過程
No full textpdf“Shi no toge ” (The Sting of Death), written from 1960 to 1976, in which Shimao Toshio depicts the outbreak of the mental illness of his wife Miho and the subsequent familial crisis, is the author’s most famous work. While it has been widely praised as one of the most important novels of Japanese postwar literature, studies of its narrative composition are still relatively scarce. One of the reasons may be Shimao’s image as a writer with a reluctance for novel composition, aiming at simply recording reality as it is. The fact that Shimao values the method of the I-novel and the faithful recording of reality cannot be denied. However, when all the multi-dimensional aspects of his work are taken into account, approaches based on biography or psychology, long-favored by critics, become less satisfying. In this presentation, following recent research problematizing the meaning of the novel, I intend to reflect on the narrative structure of “Shi no toge” through the study of the fourth chapter “Hi wa hi ni” (Day After Day).
Since 2015 the manuscripts of “Shi no toge” and various private archives have been made available to the public by the Kagoshima City Modern Literature Museum, opening new perspectives for researchers. At a whole, the analysis of the documents clearly paints the picture of an unstable process of composition, in contrast with the impression of extreme continuity that the novel aims to give. Most notably, the fourth chapter, “Hi wa hi ni”, has no less than seven different preliminary drafts, with great variations in both form and content between each version. Written at a time when Shimao hesitated to turn “Shi no toge” into the story of a decisive transformation from familial crisis to resurrection, this chapter seems to reflect the writer’s own doubts towards the direction of his novel. Throughout the analysis of the various versions of “Hi wa hi ni”, this presentation aims at showing that the construction of this specific chapter can be interpreted as the start of the renouncement to the narrative of “resurrection” or “departure”, and also that in this operation Shimao set the meaning not only of his novel, but of his whole literature
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
