1,720,976 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Conserver la biodiversité des régions fortement anthropisées : mobiliser différentes sources de données pour définir et compléter les réseaux écologiques. Cas des amphibiens en Pays de la Loire
No full textIdentifying, maintaining and restoring a functional network of suitable habitats for biodiversity is fundamental in the face of current ecological concerns, in particular in human-dominated regions. This thesis aims to identify regional ecological networks linked to agricultural landscape mosaics using model species: amphibians. We built habitat suitability models (HSM/SDM) for nine, essentially common species at regional scale, from opportunistic data. We obtained an independent evaluation dataset from participatory science data which were filtered and completed with the aid of local naturalist groups. Secondly, we integrated multi-scale processes relating to mobility into the SDM. Finally, we compiled suitability habitat maps to create a multi-specificsuitability index that we integrated into a regional connectivity analysis and then compared to the existing conservation network (protected areas and green infrastructure). This work shows that citizen science data can be useful, after filtering, to improve the evaluation of SDM. In addition, the integration of multiscale processes can help to increase their predictive power. Finally, we have highlighted multi-specific distribution patterns and identified gaps in the existing regional conservation network. This work constitutes a basis for the improvement of conservation policies for amphibians and associated agricultural landscape mosaics at the regional level and for strengthening the links between academic and non-academic organizations.Identifier, conserver et restaurer un réseau fonctionnel d’habitats favorables à la biodiversité est fondamental face aux enjeux écologiques actuels, en particulier dans des régions fortement anthropisées. Cette thèse vise à identifier des réseaux écologiques régionaux liés aux mosaïques paysagères agricoles à partir d’espèces modèles : les amphibiens. Nous avons réalisé des modèles d’habitat favorable (HSM/SDM) pour neuf espèces, essentiellement communes, à l’échelle régionale à partir de données opportunistes. Nous avons constitué un jeu de données indépendant pour l’évaluation à partir de données de sciences participatives filtrées et complétées avec l’aide des réseaux naturalistes. Dans un second temps, nous avons intégré aux SDM des processus multi-échelles liés aux déplacements.Enfin, nous avons compilé des cartes d’habitat favorables pour créer un indice de favorabilité multi-spécifique que nous avons intégré dans une analyse de connectivité régionale puis confronté au réseau de conservation existant. Ces travaux montrent que des données de sciences participatives peuvent être mobilisées pour améliorer l’évaluation des SDM et que l’intégration de processus multi-échelles est pertinente pour augmenter leur pouvoir prédictif. Enfin, nous avons mis en évidence des distributions multi-spécifiques et identifié des lacunes dans le réseau régional de conservation existant. Ce travail pourra contribuer à l’amélioration des politiques de conservation des amphibiens et des mosaïques agricoles associées et à renforcer les liens entre structures académiques et non-académiques
Biodiversity conservation in human-dominated landscapes : using heterogeneous data sources to define and complete ecological networks. The case of amphibians in Pays-de-la-Loire
No full textIdentifier, conserver et restaurer un réseau fonctionnel d’habitats favorables à la biodiversité est fondamental face aux enjeux écologiques actuels, en particulier dans des régions fortement anthropisées. Cette thèse vise à identifier des réseaux écologiques régionaux liés aux mosaïques paysagères agricoles à partir d’espèces modèles : les amphibiens. Nous avons réalisé des modèles d’habitat favorable (HSM/SDM) pour neuf espèces, essentiellement communes, à l’échelle régionale à partir de données opportunistes. Nous avons constitué un jeu de données indépendant pour l’évaluation à partir de données de sciences participatives filtrées et complétées avec l’aide des réseaux naturalistes. Dans un second temps, nous avons intégré aux SDM des processus multi-échelles liés aux déplacements.Enfin, nous avons compilé des cartes d’habitat favorables pour créer un indice de favorabilité multi-spécifique que nous avons intégré dans une analyse de connectivité régionale puis confronté au réseau de conservation existant. Ces travaux montrent que des données de sciences participatives peuvent être mobilisées pour améliorer l’évaluation des SDM et que l’intégration de processus multi-échelles est pertinente pour augmenter leur pouvoir prédictif. Enfin, nous avons mis en évidence des distributions multi-spécifiques et identifié des lacunes dans le réseau régional de conservation existant. Ce travail pourra contribuer à l’amélioration des politiques de conservation des amphibiens et des mosaïques agricoles associées et à renforcer les liens entre structures académiques et non-académiques.Identifying, maintaining and restoring a functional network of suitable habitats for biodiversity is fundamental in the face of current ecological concerns, in particular in human-dominated regions. This thesis aims to identify regional ecological networks linked to agricultural landscape mosaics using model species: amphibians. We built habitat suitability models (HSM/SDM) for nine, essentially common species at regional scale, from opportunistic data. We obtained an independent evaluation dataset from participatory science data which were filtered and completed with the aid of local naturalist groups. Secondly, we integrated multi-scale processes relating to mobility into the SDM. Finally, we compiled suitability habitat maps to create a multi-specificsuitability index that we integrated into a regional connectivity analysis and then compared to the existing conservation network (protected areas and green infrastructure). This work shows that citizen science data can be useful, after filtering, to improve the evaluation of SDM. In addition, the integration of multiscale processes can help to increase their predictive power. Finally, we have highlighted multi-specific distribution patterns and identified gaps in the existing regional conservation network. This work constitutes a basis for the improvement of conservation policies for amphibians and associated agricultural landscape mosaics at the regional level and for strengthening the links between academic and non-academic organizations
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Conserver la biodiversité des régions fortement anthropisées : mobiliser différentes sources de données pour définir et compléter les réseaux écologiques. Cas des amphibiens en Pays de la Loire
No full textIdentifying, maintaining and restoring a functional network of suitable habitats for biodiversity is fundamental in the face of current ecological concerns, in particular in human-dominated regions. This thesis aims to identify regional ecological networks linked to agricultural landscape mosaics using model species: amphibians. We built habitat suitability models (HSM/SDM) for nine, essentially common species at regional scale, from opportunistic data. We obtained an independent evaluation dataset from participatory science data which were filtered and completed with the aid of local naturalist groups. Secondly, we integrated multi-scale processes relating to mobility into the SDM. Finally, we compiled suitability habitat maps to create a multi-specificsuitability index that we integrated into a regional connectivity analysis and then compared to the existing conservation network (protected areas and green infrastructure). This work shows that citizen science data can be useful, after filtering, to improve the evaluation of SDM. In addition, the integration of multiscale processes can help to increase their predictive power. Finally, we have highlighted multi-specific distribution patterns and identified gaps in the existing regional conservation network. This work constitutes a basis for the improvement of conservation policies for amphibians and associated agricultural landscape mosaics at the regional level and for strengthening the links between academic and non-academic organizations.Identifier, conserver et restaurer un réseau fonctionnel d’habitats favorables à la biodiversité est fondamental face aux enjeux écologiques actuels, en particulier dans des régions fortement anthropisées. Cette thèse vise à identifier des réseaux écologiques régionaux liés aux mosaïques paysagères agricoles à partir d’espèces modèles : les amphibiens. Nous avons réalisé des modèles d’habitat favorable (HSM/SDM) pour neuf espèces, essentiellement communes, à l’échelle régionale à partir de données opportunistes. Nous avons constitué un jeu de données indépendant pour l’évaluation à partir de données de sciences participatives filtrées et complétées avec l’aide des réseaux naturalistes. Dans un second temps, nous avons intégré aux SDM des processus multi-échelles liés aux déplacements.Enfin, nous avons compilé des cartes d’habitat favorables pour créer un indice de favorabilité multi-spécifique que nous avons intégré dans une analyse de connectivité régionale puis confronté au réseau de conservation existant. Ces travaux montrent que des données de sciences participatives peuvent être mobilisées pour améliorer l’évaluation des SDM et que l’intégration de processus multi-échelles est pertinente pour augmenter leur pouvoir prédictif. Enfin, nous avons mis en évidence des distributions multi-spécifiques et identifié des lacunes dans le réseau régional de conservation existant. Ce travail pourra contribuer à l’amélioration des politiques de conservation des amphibiens et des mosaïques agricoles associées et à renforcer les liens entre structures académiques et non-académiques
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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