1,721,074 research outputs found
L' adjectif
No full textParmi les classes de mots, les adjectifs sont relativement moins bien étudiés que les noms et les verbes. Cependant, ils posent des problèmes particuliers, comme la sémantique de la scalarité (comparatifs et superlatifs), ainsi que la syntaxe des adjectifs au sein du groupe nominal. Ce volume traite d'aspects aussi divers que la flexion des adjectifs en français, les principes régissant l'ordre relatif des adjectifs, les possessifs, les prédicats scalaires, la structure argumentale des adjectifs, le rôle des adjectifs dans les groupes nominaux sans nom. Ces analyses de la morphologie, de la sémantique et de la syntaxe des adjectifs, s'appliquent à différentes langues : anglais, néerlandais, allemand, hébreu moderne , langues romanes
L' adjectif
No full textParmi les classes de mots, les adjectifs sont relativement moins bien étudiés que les noms et les verbes. Cependant, ils posent des problèmes particuliers, comme la sémantique de la scalarité (comparatifs et superlatifs), ainsi que la syntaxe des adjectifs au sein du groupe nominal. Ce volume traite d'aspects aussi divers que la flexion des adjectifs en français, les principes régissant l'ordre relatif des adjectifs, les possessifs, les prédicats scalaires, la structure argumentale des adjectifs, le rôle des adjectifs dans les groupes nominaux sans nom. Ces analyses de la morphologie, de la sémantique et de la syntaxe des adjectifs, s'appliquent à différentes langues : anglais, néerlandais, allemand, hébreu moderne , langues romanes
Cycles, Vocabulary Items and stem forms in Hiaki
Get PDFWe argue that class features in Hiaki are not properties of roots in the syntax but rather are properties of Vocabulary Items, the phonological exponents inserted at the end of the syntactic derivation. Irregular morphophonological rules (Readjustment Rules) apply to a particular class of Vocabulary Items in the appropriate morphosyntactic environment. Classifications of this kind play no role in the syntactic/semantic computation, but are crucial in triggering the application of the appropriate morphophonological rule to yield the correct surface form in such cases. The existence of such morphophonological classifications, irrelevant to syntax, is thus an argument against the lexeme, as such, and in favor of the DM-style separation of lexical information into (at least) two lists: List 1, input to the syntax (the source of the Numeration in Minimalist syntactic theories), and List 2, Vocabulary Items which simply realize the output of the syntax. Further, the Hiaki case provides a clear argument for Vocabulary Insertion applying to Root elements (l- morphemes, in Harley & Noyer 2000's terminology), as well as to f-morphemes. In addition, the notion of a phasal cycle within the word proves useful in permitting a simple statement of the relevant conditioning context for the application of morphophonological rules
Cycles, Vocabulary Items and stem forms in Hiaki
Get PDFWe argue that class features in Hiaki are not properties of roots in the syntax but rather are properties of Vocabulary Items, the phonological exponents inserted at the end of the syntactic derivation. Irregular morphophonological rules (Readjustment Rules) apply to a particular class of Vocabulary Items in the appropriate morphosyntactic environment. Classifications of this kind play no role in the syntactic/semantic computation, but are crucial in triggering the application of the appropriate morphophonological rule to yield the correct surface form in such cases. The existence of such morphophonological classifications, irrelevant to syntax, is thus an argument against the lexeme, as such, and in favor of the DM-style separation of lexical information into (at least) two lists: List 1, input to the syntax (the source of the Numeration in Minimalist syntactic theories), and List 2, Vocabulary Items which simply realize the output of the syntax. Further, the Hiaki case provides a clear argument for Vocabulary Insertion applying to Root elements (l- morphemes, in Harley & Noyer 2000's terminology), as well as to f-morphemes. In addition, the notion of a phasal cycle within the word proves useful in permitting a simple statement of the relevant conditioning context for the application of morphophonological rules
Ablaut and transitive softening in the Russian verb
No full textInternational audienceTransitive softening in Russian is a type of consonant mutation resulting from an underlying [CjV] cluster. There exist two closed classes of verbs where it occurs in the present tense in the absence of a clear source for a glide: five verbs with the thematic suffix ‑o‑, which can be illustrated by the verb kolótʲ ‘to stab’, and some 100 verbs with the thematic suffix ‑a‑, which can be illustrated by the verb pisátʲ ‘to write’. To explain how [o] and [a] end up as glides, I propose that the vowels in question change into their front counterparts as a result of the same process as that responsible for the stem ablaut in the verb molótʲ ‘to grind’ (1sg: melʲú). I argue that the hypothesis that ablaut can apply to thematic vowels as well as to stems makes it possible to account for another Russian verb exhibiting an unexpected behavior in the present tense (revétʲ ‘to bellow’). Since the latter part of the argument introduces ablauts involving more than one feature, the remainder of the paper is dedicated to the discussion of how multiple feature changes should be formalized
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