273 research outputs found
Yhtiöstä opettaja? : Systeemiteoreettinen tulkinta ammattikorkeakoulujen yhtiöittämisestä
No full textThe company as teacher? A systems theoretical interpretation of the incorporation of the universities of applied sciences
This doctoral dissertation examines key organization models for economic activity, with a focus on limited liability companies and cooperatives. Under review are the expectations on the use of the limited liability company (LLC) form in situations where the primary purpose of operations is not making profit for the owners. This research examines the question of which legal and other expectations were attached to the LLC model when it was chosen to be the only form for organizing universities of applied sciences (UAS) administered by the Ministry of Education and Culture.
Related questions are whether the expectations were well founded and what other consequences the choice of LLC model for UAS s may hold. The research argument is that the cooperative form would have been a better alternative for UAS s than the LLC.
This paper identifies the LLC as the generic model for a legal person in modern society. These companies produce an increasing share of goods and services in the world. At the same time, more and more public services, which previously were directly provided by the state or municipal authorities, are now being produced by LLC s, whether publicly owned or private. In addition, even in organizations where the incorporation has not yet been carried out, methods developed for the management and control of companies are followed.
The final incorporation process of the UAS s was implemented so that the already existing UAS administrator companies or new specially formed LLC s were granted a permit for UAS activities. Monitoring this transformation process gave an opportunity to acquire a deeper insight into the arguments made for the use of LLC s for non-profit purposes, the kinds of legal, economic and other expectations related to this, the benefits and risks involved, and the ways in which these factors have been discussed at various stages.
The main theoretical basis for the study is systems theory and, in particular, its further developments by Niklas Luhmann. Luhmann sees society in terms of systems that have historically differentiated to manage their own specific function. These function systems include at least the economy, science, politics, religion, and education, each with their own codes. It is the differentiation that explains the performance and the continuously growing complexity of modern society. From the systems theoretical standpoint this study engages with issues relating to Law and Economics and the NPM, or New Public Management.
There is also a short historical overview of the development of LLS s and cooperatives, as wells as characterizations of both legal person forms. The methods used in the research include document analysis of the law drafting materials and expert interviews. As an interventional method, a written opinion was sent to the Parliament s Education and Culture Committee at the time it was considering the Government's proposal for the new UAS law.
The expectations for LLCs were clarified through analysis of the different source materials. The spectrum of expectations turned out to be wide. The presence of the economic code was notable. The study presents justifications for the argument that based on these expectations the cooperative form would have been a better solution for the UAS s than the LLC form. In addition, a model is proposed in which the UAS community members, students, teachers and other personnel, are also members of a cooperative UAS. Educational and economic justifications, in particular, are presented for this model.Yhtiöstä opettaja? Systeemiteoreettinen tulkinta ammattikorkeakoulujen yhtiöittämisestä
Oikeustieteellisessä väitöskirjassa tutkitaan keskeisiä taloudellisen toiminnan organisoitumismuotoja, ennen kaikkea osakeyhtiötä ja osuuskuntaa. Kohteena ovat osakeyhtiömuodon käyttöön kohdistuvat odotukset tilanteissa, joissa toiminnan ensisijainen tarkoitus ei ole voiton tuottaminen omistajille. Tutkimuksessa haetaan vastausta kysymykseen, mitä oikeudellisia ja muita odotuksia osakeyhtiömalliin kohdistettiin, kun se valittiin opetus- ja kulttuuriministeriön toimialaan kuuluvien ammattikorkeakoulujen ainoaksi organisoitumismalliksi. Vaihtoehtoiseksi, ammattikorkeakouluille osakeyhtiötä paremmin sopivaksi ratkaisuksi esitetään osuuskuntaa.
Yhä useampi aikaisemmin valtion tai kunnan suoraan tarjoaman hyödykkeen, mm. julkisten palvelujen, tuottaminen siirretään osakeyhtiölle niin julkisessa omistuksessa oleville kuin yksityisillekin. Lisäksi siellä, missä yhtiöittämistä ei vielä ole toteutettu, noudatetaan osakeyhtiöiden johtamiseen ja ohjaamiseen kehitettyjä menetelmiä.
Keskeisenä teoriaperustana työssä on systeemiteoria ja erityisesti Niklas Luhmannin sen pohjalta tekemät jatkokehittelyt. Luhmann näkee yhteiskunnan systeemeinä, jotka ovat historiallisesti eriytyneet hoitamaan omia nimenomaisia funktioitaan. Näitä funktiojärjestelmiä ovat ainakin oikeus, talous, tiede, politiikka, uskonto ja kasvatus, jokainen omine koodeineen. Mukana on osakeyhtiöitä ja osuuskuntien kehitystä koskevat lyhyet historialliset. Metodeina on käytetty muun muassa dokumenttianalyysiä ja asiantuntijahaastatteluja. Osa tutkimusta oli myös kirjallisen näkemyksen lähettäminen eduskunnan sivistysvaliokunnalle silloin, kun tämä käsitteli hallituksen esitystä uudeksi ammattikorkeakoululaiksi.
Osakeyhtiöittämiseen kohdistettujen odotusten kirjo osoittautui laajaksi. Odotuksissa painottui talouden koodisto. Työssä esitetään perustelut sille, että osuuskuntamuoto olisi ollut ammattikorkeakouluille osakeyhtiötä parempi ratkaisu. Tämän lisäksi rakennetaan mallia, jossa korkeakouluyhteisön jäsenet eli opiskelijat, opettajat ja muu henkilökunta, olisivat osuuskunta-ammattikorkeakoulun jäseniä.ei saavutettav
CHESS Online 1:2008
No full textStakeslaisia kirjoittajia Markku Pekurinen, Hennamari Mikkola, Ulla Tuominen, Kirsi Vitikainen, Miika Linna, Jan Klavus, Lien Nguyen, Anja Noro, Matti Mäkelä, Satu Kapiainenei tietoa saavutettavuudesta
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Proceedings of the Second Nordic Workshop on Genetic Algorithms and their Applications (2NWGA)
No full textKirjoittajat: Alander Jarmo T., Duponcheele Georges,
Honkela Timo, Höhfeld Markus, Jakobsson Matti, Julstrom Bryant A., Karttunen Hannu, Keskinen Kari I., Kok Joost N., Lahdelma Risto, Linna Matti,
Lund Henrik Hautop, Myllymäki Petri, Reeves Colin,
Rowe Jon, Saarinen Jukka, Sandqvist Sam,
Sippl Manfred, Voigt Hans-Michaelfi=vertaisarvioimaton|en=nonPeerReviewed|ei tietoa saavutettavuudest
The sense of Chengdu: embodied heritage in tastescape
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Previous issue date: 2016-07-22Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 95396
Lift date: 2018-11-10T18:35:44Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system"Chengdu is famous for its Sichuan Cuisine with its unique spicy flavor. From the sources distributed and transported to local restaurants, then prepared, served, and eventually eaten by consumers, food is a significant part of Chengdu's culture. Eating is not only just about the food itself, but also about where to eat, how to eat, when to eat, whom to eat with. Culinary heritage is proposed to be conserved through the concept of ""tastescape"", which is planned as a combination of landscape and culture in which eating becomes a situated event. The design study focuses on the streets in historic neighborhoods in the inner city of Chengdu. The relationship between food, landscape and culture, and tastescape is proposed by combining eating with participating in theaters, local artworks, and cooking."Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2018-08-01The student, Linna Yi, accepted the attached license on 2016-07-21 at 14:46.The student, Linna Yi, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-07-21 at 15:13.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-07-22 at 09:52.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10042 on 2016-11-10 at 12:27:36Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 95396
Lift date: 2018-11-10T18:37:47Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 95396
Lift date: 2018-11-10T18:39:22Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 95396
Lift date: 2018-11-10T18:43:22Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 95396 on 2018-11-11T10:15:32Z
A modern learning environment for Control Engineering
No full textAbstractTeaching in the university has been under pressure to change in recent years. On the one hand, there is financial pressure to decrease resources on the other, there is a need to keep quality and quantity of education offered high and to give due consideration to changes in technology and learning methods. One response to these pressures has been to study if it is possible to build a learning environment for Control Engineering that is available to students virtually. It could help to distribute materials and facilitate overall communication, from course information through student feedback. It could also make studying more efficient by enabling better follow-up of learning and use of interactive functions. The development of a Web-based learning environment for Control Engineering started from a simple model of learning theories and course content. This model was applied to that context, and an open learning environment was developed and implemented. The implementation is referred to as Control Web.Functions were added to Control Web and tuned according to student feedback. The probe method was utilised in the validation. Two courses were subjected to under full validation in order to carry out validation for the whole system. Student feedback, grades, and credits during the years 1993 to 2000 were analysed. According to the results, the system implemented has performed well. However, the explicit influence of using the Web-based learning environment can be seen in only few cases; there are too many variables in the overall learning situation. The results and experiences yield an enhanced model for developing a learning environment and a tool that indicates a need to change course parameters.Academic Dissertation to be presented with the assent of the Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, for public discussion in Raahensali (Auditorium L10), Linnanmaa, on December 21st, 2002, at 2 p.m.Abstract
Teaching in the university has been under pressure to change in recent years. On the one hand, there is financial pressure to decrease resources on the other, there is a need to keep quality and quantity of education offered high and to give due consideration to changes in technology and learning methods.
One response to these pressures has been to study if it is possible to build a learning environment for Control Engineering that is available to students virtually. It could help to distribute materials and facilitate overall communication, from course information through student feedback. It could also make studying more efficient by enabling better follow-up of learning and use of interactive functions.
The development of a Web-based learning environment for Control Engineering started from a simple model of learning theories and course content. This model was applied to that context, and an open learning environment was developed and implemented. The implementation is referred to as Control Web.
Functions were added to Control Web and tuned according to student feedback. The probe method was utilised in the validation. Two courses were subjected to under full validation in order to carry out validation for the whole system. Student feedback, grades, and credits during the years 1993 to 2000 were analysed. According to the results, the system implemented has performed well. However, the explicit influence of using the Web-based learning environment can be seen in only few cases; there are too many variables in the overall learning situation. The results and experiences yield an enhanced model for developing a learning environment and a tool that indicates a need to change course parameters
The role of corporate social responsibility in design of eco-friendly changes in consumer behaviour through it
No full textMagistritöö
Linna- ja tööstusmaastike korralduse õppekavalOlulise keskkonda saastava probleemina näeb autor tänapäeval ühekordsete toidunõude
massilist tarvitamist toitlustuses. Ühekordne pakend, olenemata materjalist on siiski
ühekordne ressursi kasutus. Sooviga asendada ühekordsete toidukarpide kasutamine
toitlustuses, korduvkasutatavate karpide ringlusega, on kirjutatud ka valminud töö.
Magistritöö eesmärgiks on välja selgitada tarbija valmidust muuta oma
käitumisharjumusi ja ettevõtete poolset valmidust keskkonnasäästlikumate lahenduste
loomisel.
Metoodika valikul ja küsimuste koostamisel lähtus autor vajadusest kaardistada nii
tarbijapoolne nägemus kui ka ettevõtte poolt pakutav lahendus. Sellest tingituna
kombineeris autor kvantitatiivse struktureeritud küsitluse tarbijatele, millele järgnes
poolstruktureeritud süvaintervjuu ettevõttega Topsiring ning lisaks ka struktureeritud eposti teel läbi viidud intervjuu ettevõttega Wolt.
Kokku vastas tarbijale suunatud küsimustikule 306 isikut. Küsimustiku ning intervjuude
tulemustest oli võimalik järeldada tarbija valmidust kasutada alternatiivi kui see on tema
jaoks mugav ja ei tekita talle liialt lisakohustusi. Murekohana võib siiski välja tuua, et
keskkonnasäästlikum lahendus on tihtipeale kallim kui laialt levinud ühekordne pakend.
Teine oluline mõtlemiskoht on inimeste teadlikkus alternatiivist. Ligi 50% vastanuist
eelistavad biolagunevat pakendit. Nagu töö teoreetilises osas märgitud, pole see aga
mitte kõige keskkonnasõbralikum variant. Siinkohal peab autor just oluliseks tarbija
teadlikkuse tõstmist ühekordse ressursi kasutamisel. Toetudes nii teoreetilisele osale
tööst, kui ka läbiviidud uurimusele leiab töö autor, et ühekordsete toidukarpideAuthor sees massive usage of single-use packages as an important problem as it is
polluting environment. Single-use package despite the material, is still single use resource.
Wishing to replace single-use food containers in take-out food industry, has author written
this thesis.
The purpose for these thesis is to figure out the consumer readiness to choose
environmentally friendly alternative and the role of corporate social responsibility in
designing the product.
As choosing the method and questions author proceeded from the need to map the
consumers point of view as well the alternative provided by company. According the
necessary input, author combined the quantitative questionnaire towards consumers and
structured interviews with companies Topsiring and Wolt.
Survey gathered 306 responses. The results from questionnaire and interviews indicates
consumer willingness to choose the better alternative in case if it is convenient and
acceptable. One concern to be noted, is that alternative option may often be more
expensive than widely uses single-use option. Second important note is the overall
knowledge and awareness about environmentally friendly alternatives. About 50% of
consumers prefer biodegradable single use packaging. Like mentioned in the theoretical
part of these thesis, biodegradable option is not the most eco friendly alternative.
Therefore author considered it to be important to raise the consumers awareness in singleuse resource use. Based on the theoretical part of the thesis and the results of the survey,
author sees the possibility to use reusable food containers as circular economy business
model to replace the single-use containers
Tutkijapuheenvuoroja terveydenhuollosta
No full textKirjoittajina Stakesista Teija Hammar, Minna Kaila, Ilmo Keskimäki, Meri Koivusalo, Miika Linna, Kristiina Manderbacka, Hennamari Mikkola, Marjukka Mäkelä, Eeva Ollila, Marja-Leena Perälä, Matti Rimpelä, Tytti Solantaus, Kristian Wahlbeck ja Eeva WidströmJulkaisu syntynyt Terveydenhuollon tutkimusohjelman (TERTTU, 2004-2007) hankkeiden tulosten pohjaltaei tietoa saavutettavuudesta
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Meditsiinidoktor Tiina Stelmach
No full text3. märtsil 2006 kaitses TÜ arstiteaduskonna nõukogu ees meditsiinidoktori väitekirja Tiina Stelmach. Väitekirja teema oli „Epidemiology of cerebral palsy and unfavourable neurodevelopmental outcome based on child population of Tartu city and county, in Estonia: prevalence, clinical features and risk factors“ („Laste tserebraalparalüüsi ja ebasoodsa arengutulemuse epidemioloogia Eestis Tartu linna ja maakonna näitel: levimus, kliinilised vormid ja riskitegurid“). Töö juhendaja oli prof Tiina Talvik, oponent prof Matti Iivanainen Helsingi Ülikoolist.
Eesti Arst 2008; 87(4):31
Kahden maailman välissä : Marko Tapion Arktinen hysteria Väinö Linnan haastajana
No full textMatti Kuhna tutki väitöskirjatyössään keskisuomalaisen kirjailijan Marko Tapion pääteosta Arktinen hysteria (1967, 1968). Kuhna havaitsi, että teos on modernistinen vastine Väinö Linnan Pohjantähti-trilogialle (1959–1962) ja Tuntemattomalle sotilaalle (1954). Kuhnan mukaan Arktisen hysterian merkitys nykylukijalle ja aikalaislukijalle avautuu olennaisella tavalla, jos sitä luetaan Pohjantähti-trilogian ja Tuntemattoman sotilaan vastateoksena. Vastateoksena lukeminen merkitsee teosten intertekstuaalisten (tekstienvälisten) suhteiden selvittelyä.Tapion intentiona Arktista hysteriaa kirjoittaessaan oli sanoa kansalliseksi terapeutiksi kohonneen Linnan käsittelemät asiat uudesta näkökulmasta. Linnan ja Tapion romaanien välillä voidaan havaita selkeitä yhtymäkohtia, sillä esimerkiksi kerrottu aika on lähes sama ja molemmissa myös kuvataan suomalaisen maaseudun muutoksia yhden suvun kautta.The present study focused on the following novels: Arktinen hysteria (Arctic hysteria) (1967, 1968) by Marko Tapio and the Täällä Pohjantähden alla (Here Beneath the North Star) trilogy and Tuntematon sotilas (The Unknown Soldier) by Väinö Linna. By analyzing transtextuality between these works the present study examined how Tapio’s novel sets itself into dialogue with Linna’s works. More particularly, the present study examined how and with what kind of literature and ideological means Tapio accomplished his mission.Gerard Genette´s model of transtextuality, which consists of architextuality, hypertextuality and paratextuality, was used as the theoretical framework and a method for the analysis of the transtextual relationships between Tapio´s and Linna´s works. Architextuality entails questions of genre; with the Pohjantähti trilogy Arktinen hysteria shares the genre of family saga, and with Tuntematon sotilas the genre of war fiction. Tapio sets his novel into dialogue with Linna’s realism through modernist elements. He depicts the same events as Linna before him, but through a modernist, rational and elitist first person narrator, and by using modernist narrative strategies such as the stream of consciousness and the fragmented time structure. The whole novel is based on Harri’s inner monologue of 20 minutes, which underlies the stream of consciousness kind of traits of the novel, and the author’s modernist approach to the topic. Tapio’s way of highlighting subjectivity suggests that he did not aim at describing some objective reality, but at creating a new whole of the themes that Linna dealt with in his work. In Linna´s trilogy, for example, the depiction of the Civil war and the Depression is constructed through the literary means of realism, which include a chronological narrative, the omniscient narrator, changing focalization and inner monologues. Thus Linna’s realist depiction can interpreted as a determined intention at objectivity.Modernism manifests itself in Arktinen hysteria for example as pessimism related to existential questions. The first person narrator, Harri Björkharry, denies God and confesses that he admires strong leaders, and war was a method for renewing the human kind. In fact, the novel’s individualism cannot be analyzed without Nietzsche’s philosophy. Thus, one of the conclusions of the present study is that the world view of Arktinen hysteria, with its modernist characteristics, is pessimistic, while that of Pohjantähti is optimistic. In addition, the relationship between the good and the evil is very complex in Tapio’s work, in comparison to that of Linna’s.As a genre, family saga is an example of how Tapio brings forth a contradictory and complex whole of the themes that Linna has brought up in his works. The first person narrator in Arktinen hysteria questions his father’s great mission, whereas the son portrayed in the Täällä Pohjantähden alla trilogy does not. The mimesis of the novels was analyzed simultaneously with the analysis of the documentary characteristics of the works.Arktinen hysteria, published more than ten years after Linna’s realist war novel, takes a different approach to mimesis. Its mere modernist characteristics, the fragmented narration and the effects of alienation, among others, suffice it to break the illusion of mimesis constantly. Arktinen hysteria is caught between two worlds. On the structural level it represents modernism; from the 1960s ideological point of view it represents ”reaction” in its focus on patriotism and entrepreneurship. However, this impression of ”being caught between two worlds” can be expressed differently, too: Tapio’s work has a hypertextual relationship to that of Linna’s, but at the same time it rewrites Linna’s themes for other purposes. Therefore, Arktinen hysteria can be seen as a novel that travels against the stream of its own context. Arktinen hysteria suggests that modernism can also bear traits of nationalism and provincialismunknown accessibilityei tietoa saavutettavuudest
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