1,721,008 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Une Mini-Epreuve de remplissage par 100 ml de Cristalloïdes prédit la réponse au remplissage au bloc opératoire
No full textBackground: Mini-fluid challenge of 100ml colloids is thought to predict the effects of larger amounts of fluid (500ml) in intensive care units. This study sought to determine whether a low quantity of crystalloid (50 and 100ml) could predict the effects of 250ml crystalloid in mechanically ventilated patients in the operating room. Methods: a total of 44 mechanically ventilated patients undergoing neurosurgery were included. Volume expansion (250ml saline 0.9%) was given to maximize cardiac output during surgery. Stroke volume index (monitored using pulse contour analysis) and pulse pressure variations were recorded before and after 50ml infusion (given for 1min), after another 50ml infusion (given for 1min), and finally after 150ml infusion (total = 250ml). Changes in stroke volume index induced by 50, 100, and 250ml were recorded. Positive fluid challenges were defined as an increase in stroke volume index of 10% or more from baseline after 250ml. Results: a total of 88 fluid challenges were performed (32% of positive fluid challenges). Changes in stroke volume index induced by 100ml greater than 6% (gray zone between 4 and 7%, including 19% of patients) predicted fluid responsiveness with a sensitivity of 93% (95% CI, 77 to 99%) and a specificity of 85% (95% CI, 73 to 93%). The area under the receiver operating curve of changes in stroke volume index induced by 100ml was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.90 to 0.99) and was higher than those of changes in stroke volume index induced by 50ml (0.83 [95% CI, 0.75 to 0.92]; P = 0.01) and pulse pressure variations (0.65 [95% CI, 0.53 to 0.78]; P 6% (Zone grise entre 4 et 7%, incluant 35% des patients) prédisait la réponse au remplissage avec une sensibilité de 88% (Intervalle de confiance à 95% = 64-99%) et une spécificité de 89% (Intervalle de confiance à 95% = 71 -98%). L’aire sous la courbe ROC du VES100 était de 0.96 (Intervalle de confiance à 95% = 0,86 – 1,00) et était supérieure à celle du VES50 (0,82 ; Intervalle de confiance à 95% = 0,67-0,92 ; P=0,05) et celle de la VPP (0,71 ; Intervalle de confiance à 95 % = 0,56 – 0,84 ; P < 0,005). Conclusion : les modifications du VES induites par une perfusion de 100ml de cristalloïdes prédisaient l’effet de 250ml de cristalloïdes chez les patients intubés et ventilés au bloc opératoire
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Variations de l’élastance artérielle dynamique induites par l’expansion volémique et les vasopresseurs au bloc opératoire : une étude prospective bicentrique
No full textBackground: perioperative hypotension could lead to worse patient outcome. The two principal strategies to correct perioperative hypotension are vasopressor infusion and volume expansion. We hypothesized that dynamic arterial elastance (defined as the ratio between pulse pressure variations and stroke volume variations), could predict the efficacity of fluid and vasopressors to treat intraoperative hypotension (mean arterial pressure below 65 mmHg). Methods: we included 56 hypotensive and mechanically ventilated patients in the operating room. Each patient had volume expansion and neosynephrine infusion. Stroke volume and stroke volume variations were obtained using esophageal doppler and pulse pressure variations were measured through the arterial line. Pressure response to volume expansion was defined as an increase in mean arterial pressure≥10%. Results: volume expansion induced a decrease in dynamic arterial elastance in 68% of patients. Baseline dynamic arterial elastance was poorly correlated to the mean arterial pressure increase associated with volume expansion (r2=0.11;p=0.01). Dynamic arterial elastance value before volume expansion>0.65 predicted a mean arterial pressure increase≥10% with a sensitivity of 76% (95%CI=53-92%), a specificity of 60% (95%CI=42-76%). The area under receiver operating characteristics curve generated for baseline dynamic arterial elastance was 0.71 (95%CI=0.57 to 0.84). Neosynephrine infusion induced a decrease in dynamic arterial elastance in 89% of patients. Dynamic arterial elastance value before neosynephrine infusion≤0.78 predicted a mean arterial pressure increase≥10% with 76% (95%CI=62-87%) sensitivity and 67% (95%CI=22-96%) specificity. Conclusions: dynamic arterial elastance was not able to predict the efficacity of fluid and vasopressors to treat intraoperative hypotension in surgery patients under general anesthesia.Contexte : l’hypotension artérielle peropératoire peut altérer le pronostic des patients. Les deux principales stratégies pour corriger une hypotension artérielle peropératoire sont l’administration d’un remplissage vasculaire et l’administration de vasopresseurs. Notre hypothèse était que l’élastance artérielle dynamique (Eadyn), définie par le rapport entre variation de pression pulsée et variation de volume d’éjection systolique ventriculaire gauche, pourrait permettre de prédire l’efficacité du remplissage vasculaire ou des vasopresseurs pour traiter un épisode d’hypotension artérielle peropératoire (PAM 0,65 prédisait une augmentation de PAM ≥ 10% avec une sensibilité 76% (IC 95% = 53 – 92%) et une spécificité de 60% (IC 95% = 42 – 76%). L’aire sous la courbe ROC de l’Eadyn de base était de 0,71 (IC 95% = 0,57 – 0,84), et ne différait pas de celle de la PAM de base (0,72 ; IC 95% = 0,57 – 0,87 ; p = 0,89) pour prédire une augmentation de PAM. La perfusion de phenylephrine induisait une diminution de l’Eadyn chez 89% des patients. Une Eadyn avant perfusion ≤ 0,78 prédisait une augmentation de PAM ≥ 10% avec une sensibilité de 76% (IC 95% = 62 – 87%) et une spécificité de 67% (IC 95% = 22 – 96%). L’Eadyn avant perfusion n’était pas corrélée avec l’augmentation de PAM induite par la phenylephrine (p = 0,76). Conclusions : l’élastance artérielle dynamique ne permettait pas de prédire l’efficacité d’un remplissage vasculaire ou de l’administration de vasopresseurs pour traiter une hypotension peropératoire chez des patients sous anesthésie générale
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
