2,563 research outputs found
The Opie Recordings: What’s Left to be Heard?
No full textThis chapter presents an analysis of selected recordings from the Opie Collection of Children's Games in the National Sound Archive. It contextualises them with an account of the Opies' research approach, and identifies three themes emerging from the recordings which are not found in published work by the Opies. These are: the strong rleatinoship between children's media cultures and traditional play cultures; more extensive variation of words and music in the singing games; and more extreme examples of obscene and scatological rhymes
Classifying Weak, and Strong Components using ROC Analysis with Application to Burn-in
No full textAny population of components produced might be composed of two sub-populations: weak components are less reliable, and deteriorate faster whereas strong components are more reliable, and deteriorate slower. When selecting an approach to classifying the two sub-populations, one could build a criterion aiming to minimize the expected mis-classification cost due to mis-classifying weak (strong) components as strong (weak). However, in practice, the unit mis-classification cost, such as the cost of mis-classifying a strong component as weak, cannot be estimated precisely. Minimizing the expected mis-classification cost becomes more difficult. This problem is considered in this paper by using ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis, which is widely used in the medical decision making community to evaluate the performance of diagnostic tests, and in machine learning to select among categorical models. The paper also uses ROC analysis to determine the optimal time for burn-in to remove the weak population. The presented approaches can be used for the scenarios when the following information cannot be estimated precisely: 1) life distributions of the sub-populations, 2) mis-classification cost, and 3) proportions of sub-populations in the entire population
Burn lessons learned from the Whakaari White Island volcanic eruption.
No full textNew Zealand's most active volcano, Whakaari White Island was a common tourist attraction prior to its eruption on 9 th December 2019. At the time of the eruption, there were 47 people on the island from three tour groups. 39 people survived the initial eruption and were extracted. 31 entered into the New Zealand National Burn Service across four hospitals. The median age of the patients treated at the National Burn Centre was 45.5 years (range: 14 - 67 years) and median total body surface area burn was 49.5% (range: 9% - 90%). The three month survival of this eruptive event was 55%, which subsequently fell to an overall rate of 53% following one late death of an early survivor after repatriation home. Of the patients who survived the initial eruption for long enough to be admitted to the National Burn Service, the overall survival rate was 71% at three months. We describe 12 lessons we have learnt from our management of the survivors. The key surgical lessons among these are: The injuring mechanism combined ballistic trauma, thermal and acidic burn components, with the acid component being the most problematic and urgent for management. Volcanic ash burns result in on-going burn depth progression, deep underlying tissue damage and significant metabolic instability. Early skin grafting was not successful in many cases. Reconstructive strategy needed adjusting to cope with the high operative demand and limited donor sites in all patients. Protect yourself from potential dangers with additional personal protective equipment (PPE) in an unfamiliar setting
Aerobic fitness is disproportionately low in adult burn survivors years after injury
No full textPostprint, author's accepted manuscriptObjective
A maximal aerobic capacity below the 20th percentile is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality.1 Adult burn survivors have a lower aerobic capacity compared to non-burned adults when evaluated 38±23 days post-injury.2 However, it is unknown if burn survivors with well-healed skin grafts (i.e., multiple years post injury), also have low aerobic capacity. This project tested the hypothesis that aerobic fitness, as measured by maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max), is reduced in well-healed adult burn survivors when compared to normative values from non-burned individuals.
Methods
Twenty-five burn survivors (36 ± 12 years old; 13 females) with well-healed split thickness grafts (median: 16 years post-injury, range: 1 to 51 years) covering at least 17% of their body surface area (mean: 40±16%; range: 17 to 75%) performed a graded cycle ergometry exercise test to volitional fatigue. Expired gases and minute ventilation were measured via a metabolic cart for the determination of VO2max. Each subject’s VO2max was compared with sex- and age-matched normative values from population data published by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), the American Heart Association (AHA), and recent epidemiological data.3
Results
Subjects had a VO2max of 29.4 ± 10.1 ml O2/kg body mass/min (median: 27.5; range: 15.9 to 53.3). Using ACSM normative values, mean VO2max of the subjects was in the lower 24th percentile (median: 10th percentile). 88% of the subjects had a VO2max below AHA age-adjusted normative values. Similarly 20 of the 25 subjects had a VO2max in the lower 25% percentile of recent epidemiological data.
Conclusions
Relative to non-grafted subjects, 80–88% of the evaluated skin graft subjects had a very low aerobic capacity. Based upon these findings, adult burn survivors are disproportionally unfit relative to the general U.S. population, and this puts them at an increased risk of all-cause mortality
Matthew Franklin letter to Thomas Rotch, December 15
No full textMatthew Franklin passes along news of New York and mentions religion and his current beliefs before asking Charity to burn all letters received from him. The reason for his request is unclear. This is the last letter in the collection from Matthew Franklin 7.8" x 12.5" (20 by 31.5 cm
Graduation 2013
No full textStaff and librarians at commencement, 2013. First row from left: ?, Miriam Lovin, ?, ?, Janice Burn. Second row from left: Valeri Craigle, Dan Burn, Ross McPhail, Matthew Pierce, Maggie Dwenger
Quantifying the role of burn temperature, burn duration and skin thickness in an in vivo animal skin model of heat conduction
No full textTo determine the extent to which heat conduction through skin is affected by skin thickness, burn temperature, and burn duration, we perform a suite of experiments using an in vivo porcine (pig) model. Fourteen different burn conditions are considered, and each burn condition is replicated at least four times, giving a total of sixty four individual experimental burns. The subdermal temperature within the skin is recorded as a function of time during each experiment. To quantitatively interpret the experimental data, we develop an exact solution of a simplified, depth-averaged, heat equation. Calibrating this solution to the experimental data provide estimates of the effective thermal diffusivity of the skin, α and the effective thermal loss rate, k. Estimates of α and k are obtained for the fourteen different, clinically relevant, burn conditions. Overall, we find α = 0.03 ± 0.02 mm/s (to one significant figure), and is approximately independent of the burn duration, burn temperature, and skin thickness (H). This estimate implies that the time required for thermal energy to diffuse vertically down, through the skin of thicker (H = 2.27 mm) and thinner (H = 1.40 mm) skinned animals is approximately 170 and 70 s, respectively. We find that k = 0.002 ± 0.002/s (to one significant figure). In summary, our results provide contemporary estimates for the thermal properties of in vivo porcine skin, which has broad application to heat transfer modelling investigations of thermal injury prevention and thermal therapy studies
The Strength of a Dream: A Daughter\u27s Portrait of a Northwest Children\u27s Author and Illustrator
No full textAuthor and multi-dimensional artist Skye Burn discusses the life and legacy of her mother, award-winning children\u27s book author and illustrator Doris Burn, and shares anecdotes of her family\u27s life on Waldron Island. Doris (Wernstedt) Burn authored and illustrated the 1965 classic Andrew Henry\u27s Meadow, and wrote or illustrated a range of other well-known children\u27s books. During the second half of the event, Sylvia Tag (Librarian and Curator of the Children’s Interdisciplinary Children’s Literature Collection) facilitates a conversation about Doris Burn’s work
Rip, Mix, Burn: The Politics of Peer to Peer and Copyright Law
No full textRefereed article: Kathy Bowrey and Matthew Rimmer, 'Rip, Mix, Burn: The Politics Of Peer To Peer And Copyright Law' (2002) 7 (8) First Monday http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/97
Rip, Mix, Burn: The Politics of Peer to Peer and Copyright Law
No full textRefereed article: Kathy Bowrey and Matthew Rimmer, 'Rip, Mix, Burn: The Politics Of Peer To Peer And Copyright Law' (2002) 7 (8) First Monday http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/97
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