494 research outputs found
"Deutschlands ganze Tugend und Schoenheit entfaltet sich erst im Kriege". I "Pensieri di guerra" di Thomas Mann
No full text«Deutschlands ganze Tugend und Schönheit entfaltet sich erst im Kriege».
Thomas Mann’s Thoughts in Wartime
by Francesca Tucci
Thomas Mann’s writings of a journalistic nature, produced on the day following the
outbreak of the conflict, provide one of the most significant cross-sections of “Culture
in wartime”. These writings are remarkably topical, and, as regards analogy of tone and
theme, they are in perfect accordance with the militarist output of the time. However,
a more profound level of signification can be traced in these writings, and this allows
the original nucleus of specifically Mannian themes, bound with a double-knot to the
sphere of Art, to shine through as a constant presence and virtuosic variation
Facilitated Electron Hopping in Nanolayer Oxygen-Insensitive Glucose Biosensor for Application in a Complex Matrix
No full textElectrochemical experimental evidence of facilitated electron transfer in a sub-micrometer biosensor is presented. Layer-by-layer self-assembled deposition provides the unique advantage to specifically control the thickness of the biosensors, allowing an oxygen-insensitive device with a film thickness of 70 nanometers to be obtained. The biosensor is based on a poly(allylamine) osmium redox mediator and glucose 1-oxidase. The immobilized enzyme contributes to the signal generation through the full biosensor thickness, with no loss of “active enzyme” in the outer layer of the biosensor through reaction with oxygen, as reported in the case of thick redox hydrogels. The application of the biosensor in complex matrices was approached with tests in wastewater. Encapsulation of the biosensor with Nafion® membrane ensured the protection of the enzyme molecules from the external environment, allowing the successful application of the sensor in a complex matrix
O Regime Fascista e a Classe Operária
No full textSaggio sulla politica sindacale del regime fascista italiano come strumento di repressione, controllo e inclusione coercitiva del movimento operaio. Sviluppato a partire dalla relazione svolta al convegno internazionale "Intolerância em tempos de fascismo" (Universidade de São Paulo, 21-23 novembre 2006), l'articolo ripercorre il dibattito storiografico sul problema dei rapporti tra fascismo e classe operaia, affrontando alcuni dei principali nodi interpretativi e approfondendo in particolare il tema della percezione della dittatura nel mondo del lavoro italiano
Visão em camicia nera. Produção e recepção de cinejornais na Itália fascista
No full textA partire dal 1925, con la creazione dell’Istituto Luce, il regime fascista si dotò di un potente strumento per la propaganda cinematografica. Da quel momento, il governo di Mussolini fu il primo al mondo a esercitare un controllo diretto sulla produzione di cinegiornali. Proiettati obbligatoriamente in tutte le sale italiane prima dei film in programma, il fascismo era in grado di comunicare, tramite l’abbinamento di immagini e parole, una propria versione della realtà quotidiana, diffondendo tra il pubblico determinati messaggi ideologici. Apparentemente, il regime poteva così sfruttare il più moderno mezzo di comunicazione di massa al fine di manipolare le menti degli italiani e imporre un’immagine anche corporea dell’uomo e delle donna fascista. La storiografia, soprattutto nel corso degli ultimi decenni, ha ampiamente riflettuto sui contenuti dei messaggi trasmessi nei cinegiornali Luce, sottolineando in particolare la loro efficacia nel diffondere il culto del Duce e il mito della modernità fascista. Tuttavia, l’enfasi sulla capacità del regime di utilizzare questa moderna tecnica comunicativa ha messo in ombra la questione della ricezione dei notiziari fascisti tra il grande pubblico. Nel mio intervento, cercherò di riflettere su alcuni nodi, tematici e metodologici, che riguardano appunto la complessità del rapporto tra controllo della produzione e libertà della ricezione
Political Subjectivations: Between Freedom and Dependency
No full textThis essay intends to focus on different forms of political subjectivation within the context of neoliberal governmentality. It would like to show how these forms ‘constitute’ themselves ambivalently, indicating a paradoxical and unprecedented compatibility of dispositifs of inclusion and exclusion, the foundation of which refers to the symbolic ‘ideological’ construction of otherness. Neoliberal governmentality is, precisely, this unprecedented compatibility. With this aim in mind, The author proposes to focus on a particular case analyzed by Aiwha Ong (2003). It is an example that helps understand this ambivalence, which pushes itself to the point of deconstructing indentitary subjectivities, in the place of which mobile forms of relationship and practice appear
Loss of Snord116 alters cortical neuronal activity in mice: a preclinical investigation of Prader-Willi syndrome.
No full textPrader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by metabolic alteration and sleep abnormalities mostly related to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep disturbances. The disease is caused by genomic imprinting defects that are inherited through the paternal line. Among the genes located in the PWS region on chromosome 15 (15q11-q13), small nucleolar RNA 116 (Snord116) has been previously associated with intrusions of REM sleep into wakefulness in humans and mice. Here, we further explore sleep regulation of PWS by reporting a study with PWScrm+/p- mouse line, which carries a paternal deletion of Snord116. We focused our study on both macrostructural electrophysiological components of sleep, distributed among REMs and nonrapid eye movements. Of note, here, we study a novel electroencephalography (EEG) graphoelements of sleep for mouse studies, the well-known spindles. EEG biomarkers are often linked to the functional properties of cortical neurons and can be instrumental in translational studies. Thus, to better understand specific properties, we isolated and characterized the intrinsic activity of cortical neurons using in vitro microelectrode array. Our results confirm that the loss of Snord116 gene in mice influences specific properties of REM sleep, such as theta rhythms and, for the first time, the organization of REM episodes throughout sleep-wake cycles. Moreover, the analysis of sleep spindles present novel specific phenotype in PWS mice, indicating that a new catalog of sleep biomarkers can be informative in preclinical studies of PWS
CORRIGENDUM to The mechanisms of acute interstitial nephritis in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma
No full textIn this article, the authors’ first names and surnames were incorrectly listed in the wrong order. The correct author list is: Marco Tucci, Anna Passarelli, Annalisa Todisco, Francesco Mannavola, Luigia Stefania Stucci, Stella D’Oronzo, Michele Rossini, Marco Taurisano, Loreto Gesualdo and Franco Silvestris
MICROBIAL ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS FOR FRESHWATER AND WASTEWATER MONITORING
No full textFreshwater is essential for socioeconomic development, health of the population and equilibrium of the ecosystem. However, pollution generated by human activities often degrade the quality of this vital resource. In order to address this problem with effective management strategies, continuous assessment of freshwater and wastewater status is necessary. Microbial electrochemical systems (MESs) are attracting increasing attention as sensing tools, due to their low-cost, sustainability, portability, generation of continuous on-line signal and low involvement of operators. In this dissertation, the implementation of MESs as sensors in two different environmental contexts is discussed: wastewater treatment monitoring and agriculture-related pollutants detection. Different prototypes were designed according to their specific application and their detection capabilities were investigated. Regarding the monitoring of wastewater treatment process, floating Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) were tested as sensors for organic matter, a parameter that is currently measured with the labour-intensive and time-consuming BOD5 test. The first prototype consisted of a floating frame holding two carbon cloth electrodes separated by a polypropylene felt and a clay layer. The biosensor was tested in the lab using real wastewater as both electrolyte and inoculum, and a calibration curve was obtained. However, when the device was tested in the plant of Carimate (CO), a strong influence of light irradiation on the signal was noticed. During a month of operations, a correspondence between the peaks of voltage and of the peaks of organic load was present, but the signal was delayed of about two days. To further understand the influence of different environmental factors on the current signal, a new device was conceived and compared with the previous configuration. This time the experimentation was carried out at the plant of Bresso Niguarda (MI). The new setup consisted in a cylindrical terracotta separator sealed at one end and held perpendicularly to the wastewater surface by a plastic floater. The carbon cloth anode was placed outside the cylinder, while a cathode of the same material was located inside. Light irradiation, temperature, sCOD and nitrates were continuously monitored for about 20 days. An automatic sampler was built to obtain wastewater samples every two hour every day. The correlation between the physical-chemical parameters and the cell voltages was quite poor, especially for the floating type, which was often subjected to the inversion of the electrodes potential. This was probably due to oxygen diffusion in the first layer of wastewater. The microbial analysis of the biofilms confirmed this aspect, as aerobic strains (e.g. Nocardicaceae) were found on the anodes, and electrogenic bacteria usually present on anodes were found on the cathodes (i.e. Geobacteriaceae). To monitor agriculture-related pollutants (i.e. herbicides), amperometric biosensors based on the inhibition of cyanobacterial photocurrent were studied. Many herbicide compounds are harmful to humans and the environment, and they are currently measured with classic analytic techniques (e.g. HPLC, GC-MS, etc.), which are expensive and time consuming. To build the first prototype, Anabaena variabilis cells were entrapped on a carbon felt electrodes using an alginate hydrogel, and p-benzoquinone was used as electron shuttle to sustain the electron transfer. With this device it was possible to obtain concentration-current calibration curves for two commonly used herbicides (i.e. diuron and atrazine), and the obtained linear range was suitable for environmental analysis. However, to build a long lasting device, a mediatorless configuration is preferable, as the redox mediator is cytotoxic and can undergo photodegradation. For this reason, a new biosensor was created: a paper-based electrode coated with carbon nanotube paint and a titanium nanolayer was used as substrate for the formation of a Synechocystis wt. biofilm. Whit this configuration, only a presence/absence inhibition signal could be obtained for atrazine and diuron, while the herbicide paraquat temporarily enhanced the electron transfer due to its redox mediator capabilities. Nevertheless, this biosensor was able to maintain its sensitivity even after it was kept in the fridge for 22 days, proving its potential as long-lasting device which can be easily stored or shipped after preparation. These results demonstrated that microbial electrochemical sensors are a promising technology for sensing applications, with a great potential for the creation of a smart, diffuse grid of low-cost sensors for the continuous monitoring of water quality. However, further improvements are needed in order to reduce the response time, improve the sensitivity and discern between the influence of different environmental factors on the signal
D’amore e d’ombre: intrecci prospettici in Unkenrufe di Günter Grass
No full textCritics have almost unanimously considered Unkenrufe one of Grass's least successful novels. This verdict can be shared, but it does not diminish the value of the work for those who wish to understand this author, dwelling on topical aspects of his production, from the reflection on collective memory to the search for ways to re-elaborate the traumatic events of German history in the last century. Once again Grass compares collective memory and individual memory, once again the political history of Germany is intertwined with the private affairs of individuals, in search of a hoped-for peace that is more than possible, starting from a fellowship between like-minded people, in the name of a shared utopia
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