152 research outputs found
Review of Ontology and Metaontology: A Contemporary Guide by Francesco Berto & Matteo Plebani
No full textReview of Ontology and Metaontology: A Contemporary Guide by Francesco Berto & Matteo Plebani
Caricatures and Prop Oriented Make-Believe
No full textA caricature can reveal an aspect of its subject that a more faithful representation would fail to render: by depicting a slow and clumsy person as a monkey one can point out such qualities of the depicted subject, and by depicting a person with quite big ears as a person with enormous ears one can point out that the depicted person has rather big ears. How can a form of representation that is by definition inaccurate be so representationally powerful? Figurative language raises a similar puzzle. Metaphors, taken at face value, are usually false: men are not wolves. The same goes for hyperbolic talk: Putnam did not change his position one billion times in his career. Still, figurative language is expressively powerful: by saying that human beings are wolves or that Putnam changed his position one billion times in his career one conveys, in a very vivid way, some true information about the world (something concerning the facts that human beings are cruel and that Putnam frequently changed opinion). Kendall Walton (1993) provides an elegant explanation of the expressive utility of figurative language by linking metaphor and prop oriented make-believe. We explore the hypothesis that the theory of prop oriented make-believe can also explain the representational efficacy of caricatures.Elisa Caldarola acknowledges financial support of her work by the University of Padova through the project: Disagreement. A Pluralist Approach (2015–2017).
Matteo Plebani acknowledges financial support of his work by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER through the project: The
Explanatory Function of Abstract Objects: Their Nature and Cognoscibility, FFI2013-41415-PS
Subject matter: a modest proposal
No full textThe notion of subject matter is a key concern of contemporary philosophy of language and logic. A central task for a theory of subject matter is to characterise the notion of sentential subject matter, that is, to assign to each sentence of a given language a subject matter that may count as its subject matter. In this paper, we elaborate upon David Lewis’ account of subject matter. Lewis’ proposal is simple and elegant but lacks a satisfactory characterisation of sentential subject matter. Drawing on linguistic literature on focus and on the question under discussion, we offer a neo-Lewisian account of subject matter, which retains all the virtues of Lewis’ but also includes an attractive characterisation of sentential subject matter
Scheda di: HÉLÈNE SOLDINI, "Les sous-ambassadeurs de la République florentine.Francesco Nasi au service de la délégation à Rome (automne 1529)", in "Ambassades et ambassadeurs en Europe (XVe-XVIIe siècles). Pratique, écritures, savoirs", ed. par JEAN-LOUIS FOURNEL, MATTEO RESIDORI, Genève,Droz, 2020, pp. 101-120.
No full textScheda di: HÉLÈNE SOLDINI, "Les sous-ambassadeurs de la République florentine.Francesco Nasi au service de la délégation à Rome (automne 1529)", in Ambassades et ambassadeurs en Europe (XVe-XVIIe siècles). Pratique, écritures, savoirs", ed. par JEAN-LOUIS FOURNEL, MATTEO RESIDORI, Genève,Droz, 2020, pp. 101-120
Reconsidering Wittgenstein's Philosophy of mathematics
No full textThe aim of the present work is to investigate whether Wittgenstein's Philosophy of Mathematics turns out to be of some interest for the contemporary research in this field. Chapter 1 exposes Wittgenstein's pivotal theses in the Philosophy of Mathematics and provides a brief summary of their possible relevance for the most global matters discussed by contemporary philosophers of Mathematics. The problems of mathematical knowledge, the ontological status of mathematical entities and the question about the Objectivity of Mathematics are analyzed in depth in the three following chapters.Lo scopo del presente lavoro è valutare il possibile interesse della Filosofia della Matematica di Wittgenstein per la ricerca contemporanea in questo campo. Il Primo Capitolo espone le tesi cardine della Filosofia della Matematica di Wittgenstein e fornisce un breve riassunto della loro possibile rilevanza per le questioni più generali discusse dai filosofi della Matematica contemporanei. I problemi della conoscenza matematica, lo statuto ontologico delle entità matematiche e la questione dell'oggettività della matematica sono approfondite nei capitoli successivi
Predicative subject matter
No full textThe notions of subject matter and aboutness have been objects of considerable attention among philosophers over the last few years. Current theories of subject matter take sentences to be the primary bearers of subject matter: “sentences have aboutness properties if anything has” (Yablo, Aboutness, Princeton University Press, 2014). However, some subsentential expressions can also be thought of as being about something. Moreover, it appears that the subject matters of sentences depend in a systematic way on the aboutness properties of their subsentential components. In this paper, we focus on the question of what predicates are about. We provide an account of predicative subject matter in which subject matters are assigned to predicates in a natural way, and which can be smoothly integrated with some existing accounts of sentential subject matter. We also argue that the notion of predicative subject matter is a worthy object of study, both within the current debate on subject matter and in its own right
Adopting Data Mesh principles to Boost Data Sharing for Clinical Trials
No full textAn effective clinical research requires the availability of relevant data and tools that make possible their efficient analysis. Among the several possibilities, data mesh, a distributed data architecture that is organized around specific domains and provides a self-service platform for accessing and using the data, is gaining the attention of the data and software engineering communities, mainly because of its ability to reduce the tension between the platform that manages the data and the teams that are in charge of managing them. Nevertheless, data mesh mainly focuses on how to manage data in a single organization by defining the sphere of responsibilities in the data management. Conversely, the continuous increase of data produced by hospitals calls for new approaches that enable the data sharing between clinical research centers.Goal of this paper is to extend the data mesh approach by considering the sharing of data among organizations which are members of a federation. Under the umbrella of a clinical trial which defines a temporary agreement among hospitals, a federated data mesh solution is designed to support the data management when data products from different organizations are considered. This implies the study on how the data ownership defined in the data mesh somehow becomes data sovereignty when data is shared with other organizations
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