71 research outputs found
Prologos. Riflessione su Hegel
No full textL'autore di questo contributo sottolinea come, nel corso del pensiero filosofico, i vari significati del termine logos abbiano indagato gli aspetti del dire e la sua conseguente realizzazione filosofica. Questa innovazione, rispetto al concetto classico, avviene con l'interpretazione del Prologo del Vangelo di San Giovanni, in cui si rivela la presenza teologica e fisica del logos. Hegel considera il valore del significato che gli ha attribuito Giovanni nella sua opera Lo spirito del cristianesimo e sottolinea la distinzione tra Dio e Logos e la possibilità di comprendere il messaggio divino per mezzo dello spirito. Successivamente scrisse La fenomenologia dello spirito in cui lo Spirito assoluto raggiunge la conoscenza di sé e trova significato nello spirito del singolo essere
Prologos. Riflessione su Hegel
No full textL'autore di questo contributo sottolinea come, nel corso del pensiero filosofico, i vari significati del termine logos abbiano indagato gli aspetti del dire e la sua conseguente realizzazione filosofica. Questa innovazione, rispetto al concetto classico, avviene con l'interpretazione del Prologo del Vangelo di San Giovanni, in cui si rivela la presenza teologica e fisica del logos. Hegel considera il valore del significato che gli ha attribuito Giovanni nella sua opera Lo spirito del cristianesimo e sottolinea la distinzione tra Dio e Logos e la possibilità di comprendere il messaggio divino per mezzo dello spirito. Successivamente scrisse La fenomenologia dello spirito in cui lo Spirito assoluto raggiunge la conoscenza di sé e trova significato nello spirito del singolo essere
The spontaneous immortalization probability of mammalian cell culture strains, as their proliferative capacity, correlates with species body mass, not longevity
No full textBackground: The Peto's paradox consists in the observation that individuals from long-lived and large animal species do not experience a higher cancer incidence, despite being exposed for longer time to the possibility of accumulating mutations and having more target cells exposed to the phenomenon. The existence of this paradox has been recently confirmed (Vincze et al., 2022). Concurrently, robust evidence has been published that longevity involves a convergent evolution of cellular mechanisms that prevent the accu-mulation of mutations (Cagan et al., 2022). It remains unclear which cellular mechanisms are critical to allow the evolution of a large body mass while keeping cancer at bay.Methods: Adding to existing data linking cellular replicative potential and species body mass (Lorenzini et al., 2005), we have grown a total of 84 skin fibroblast cell strains from 40 donors of 17 mammalian species and analyzed their Hayflick's limit, i.e., their senescent plateau, and eventual spontaneous immortalization escape. The correlation of immortal-ization and replicative capacity of the species with their longevity, body mass and meta-bolism has been assessed through phylogenetic multiple linear regression (MLR).Results: The immortalization probability is negatively related to species body mass. The new evaluation and additional data about replicative potential strengthen our previous observation, confirming that stable and extended proliferation is strongly correlated with the evolution of a large body mass rather than lifespan.Conclusion: The relation between immortalization and body mass suggests a need to evolve stringent mechanisms that control genetic stability during the evolution of a large body mass
La scienza nel piatto: “Il cibo come alleato (o nemico) di salute, longevità e invecchiamento”. La ricerca dell’UniBo
No full textSapevi che comportamenti alimentari sbagliati possono aumentare il rischio diinvecchiamento, malattie non trasmissibili e ridurre l’aspettativa di vita? I ricercatoridell’Università di Bologna collaborano all’espansione di un nuovo strumento scientificocreato dal gruppo del Prof Lars Fadnes dell’Università di Bergen: Food4HealthyLife, unostrumento per trasformare la nutrizione in un vero alleato del benesser
Dietary habits of the Italian population across the last 30 years: main features and room for improvement
No full textDietary habits and alcohol consumption, jointly, are the behavioural risk factors causing the most DALYs and deaths among Italians. Describing such dietary patterns is crucial for designing effective strategies to reduce mortality. Our aim is to define the “typical Italian diet” and compare it with some “healthy diets” in terms of estimated life expectancy.
We estimated the gender-specific average daily intake of 19 food groups based on ten observational studies reporting consumption data of the Italian population during the last three decades. We updated the Food4HealthyLife predictive model, which estimates the life expectancy of a population based on the reported daily intake of 15 food groups. This model combines age-specific mortality rates with hazard and risk ratios taken from meta-analyses. This allowed to quantify the life expectancy gain associated with switching from typical Italian diet to four diets: F4HL optimal, EAT Lancet, CREA guidelines, and IIS Mediterranean guidelines.
We estimate that switching from typical to F4HL optimal diet for 40-year-old Italian men and women results in a 6.4 and 7.7-year gain in life expectancy, respectively. The largest gains are expected from an increased consumption of whole grains, legumes, and nuts. Switching to EAT Lancet, CREA, and Mediterranean guidelines, would result in a gain between 3.4 and 5.8 years of life expectancy.
In conclusion, the Italian population would significantly benefit from switching towards the four proposed healthy diets. The food groups presenting most room for improvement are grains, legumes, and nuts, while fruit consumption is already close to the desirable intake
Effect of combined acetylmethionine, cyanocobalamin and α-lipoic acid on hepatic metabolism in high-yielding dairy cow
No full textThe aim of the study reported in this Research Communication was to investigate the effect of a combined acetylmethionine, cyanocobalamin and α-lipoic acid treatment, on some metabolic parameters of early lactating high-yielding dairy cows. Thirty cows were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group (EG, n = 20) and control group (CG, n = 10). EG received 20 ml of treatment and CG received 20 ml of placebo. The treatments were administered for seven times every 2 d. Blood samples were collected from all cows at 3 time points: 10 ± 2, 30 ± 2 and 50 ± 2 d postpartum. Glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamiltransferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TB), conjugated bilirubin (CB), total proteins (TP), globulins, albumin and urea concentrations were determined. Two-way repeated measure analysis of variance was applied. Significant differences in the values of glucose, BHB, NEFA, triglycerides, TC, AST and urea were found between EG and CG. Moreover, the increased glucose, TC, ALT, GGT, TP and globulins, and the reduced BHB, NEFA, AST, triglycerides, TB, CB and urea concentrations were evident in both groups, but the changes were more pronounced in EG. Our findings indicate that our treatment positively influenced liver metabolism in high-yielding dairy cows
Transition period in healthy and diseased dairy cows: evaluation of metabolic modifications
No full textPeto's paradox: Nature has used multiple strategies to keep cancer at bay while evolving long lifespans and large body masses. A systematic mini-review
No full textComparative oncology is an understudied field of science. We are far from understanding the key mechanisms behind Peto's paradox, i.e. understanding how long-lived and large animals are not subject to a higher cancer burden despite the longer exposure time to mutations and the larger number of cells exposed. In this work we investigated the scientific evidence on such mechanisms through a systematic mini-review of the literature about the relation of longevity and/or large body mass with physiological, genetic or environmental traits among mammalian species. More than forty thousand articles were retrieved from three repositories and 383 of them were screened using an active-learning-based tool. Of those, 36 articles on longevity and 37 on body mass were selected for the review. Such articles were examined focusing on: number and type of species considered, statistical methods used, traits investigated, and observed relationship with longevity and/or body mass. Where applicable, the traits investigated were matched with one or more hallmarks of cancer. We obtained a list of potential candidate traits to explain the Peto's paradox, related to replicative immortality, cells senescence, genome instability and mutations, proliferative signaling, growth suppression evasion and cells resistance to death. Our investigation suggests that different strategies have been followed to prevent cancer in large and long-lived species. The large number of papers retrieved emphasizes that more studies can be launched in the future, using more efficient analytical approaches, to comprehensively evaluate the convergent biological mechanisms essential for acquiring longevity and large body mass without increasing cancer risk
Hepatic lipidosis in high-yielding dairy cows during the transition period: haematochemical and histopathological findings
No full textEffect of parity on claw horn lesions in holstein dairy cows: clinical and radiological study
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