54 research outputs found
An Essay on the Appearance and Spread of Kanke-suma-no-ki
No full textKanke-suma-no-ki is a writing dealing with travels which depicts how Sugawara Michizane, who had been left for Dazaifu, departed Kyoto for Suma. It was formerly believed to be written by Michizane himself. However, since Motoori Norinaga asserted that it was a forgery, it has been considered that the book was written only after the Edo period. In fact, the true author and the precise date cannot be determined.
In this paper, I considered the appearance and the author of Kanke-suma-no-ki through the examination of the postscripts in the various handwritten copies. As a result, it can be deduced that Kanke-suma-no-ki was written by the Kanazawa lord Maeda Tsunanori (1643-1724). I pointed out that the book was found after his death in Kanazawa and then brought to Tsuboi Yoshichika (1657-1735), a scholar in Kyoto, and that the volume, transcribed and revised by Yoshichika, was further transcribed by his students and acquaintances to become known in the world
Points of Interest: Department of Biomedical Sciences, 2nd Quarter, June 28, 2017
No full textTopics in this issue of Points include: Contents; Excellence in Teaching and Leadership Awards (Paula Cohen, Antonia Jameson Jordan); Welcome (Praveen Sethupathy, Xinbao Ding, Wendy Pitman, Mike Shanahan, Tim Dinh, Ajeet Singh, Matt Kanke, Amy Hung, Minli Yu, Heather Muniz, Chris Donahue, Alida Smith); Making the Headlines; Pathway to Independence Awards (Miguel Brieño Enríquez, Stephen Gray); Publications; Links of Interest; Interesting Things to See and Do
Translational activation of oskar mRNA: reevaluation of the role and importance of a 5' regulatory element [corrected].
No full textLocal translation of oskar (osk) mRNA at the posterior pole of the Drosophila oocyte is essential for axial patterning of the embryo, and is achieved by a program of translational repression, mRNA localization, and translational activation. Multiple forms of repression are used to prevent Oskar protein from accumulating at sites other than the oocyte posterior. Activation is mediated by several types of cis-acting elements, which presumably control different forms of activation. We characterize a 5' element, positioned in the coding region for the Long Osk isoform and in the extended 5' UTR for translation of the Short Osk isoform. This element was previously thought to be essential for osk mRNA translation, with a role in posterior-specific release from repression. From our work, which includes assays which separate the effects of mutations on RNA regulatory elements and protein coding capacity, we find that the element is not essential, and conclude that there is no evidence supporting a role for the element only at the posterior of the oocyte. The 5' element has a redundant role, and is only required when Long Osk is not translated from the same mRNA. Mutations in the element do disrupt the anchoring function of Long Osk protein through their effects on the amino acid sequence, a confounding influence on interpretation of previous experiments
Bibliographics for the 983 eprints in the live archives of E-LIS : trends and status report up to 7th July 2004, based on author-self-archiving metadata
No full textThe priority for ideas and philosophy related to "Network Theory" have been traced back and documented by Braun(2004),and credit goes to Karinthy(1929).The IT has empowered to realise it, as the most practical phenomena and it is no more a humour. The OAI (Open Archives Initiatives)and ACIS (Academic Contributor Information System)are progressive in the direction ,which may lead to realise the "Collective Genius" at global level. Focus of present study is on Author-Self-Archiving (A-S-A)Metadata of the 983 Eprints in the Live Archives of the E-LIS (EPrints of Library and Information Science),which were approved till 7th July 2004.The A-S-A Metadata was used for librametric analysis. Self-explanatory bibliographics are illustrated.The highlights include: Conference papers (34%); highest approval, June 2004 (28%); published archives (76%);not refereed (52%); not in public domain (60%); highest self-archiving-author (De Robbio, Antonella).The Nos. of EPrints having single JITA domain specifications were: Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information(27); Information use and sociology of information(80);Users,literacy and reading(13);Libraries as physical collections(30);Publishing and legal issues(57);Management(13);Industry, profession and education(36);Information sources, supports, channels(113) ; Information treatment for information services, Information functions and techniques (101); Technical services libraries, archives and museums(25); Housing technologies(1); Information technology and library technology(92); and Inter-domainery (395) i.e. having specifications of two or more than two JITA classes
Mapping an RNA element required for <i>osk</i> activity.
No full text<p>A. Diagram of the 5' region of the <i>osk</i> mRNA bearing the M1R mutation, which eliminates translation of Long Osk. The extended 5' UTR is shown as a black line, and the Short Osk coding region as a rectangle. The <i>oskM1RHA</i> transgene has the M1R mutation and contains 3 copies of the HA epitope tag (shaded region), inserted after residue T140 (the Short Osk start codon is M139). Deletions are indicated. B. Patterning activity of <i>osk</i> transgenes, tested as single copies in the <i>osk</i><sup><i>A87</i></sup><i>/Df(3R)osk</i> background (RNA null). The number of abdominal segments corresponds to the level of <i>osk</i> activity, with wild type embryos having eight. n values were all over 250, except for <i>oskM1R INV121-182</i> (166), <i>oskM1R ∆61–90</i> (203), and <i>oskM1R ∆211–260</i> (177). No anterior patterning defects were observed for any of the transgenes, including <i>oskM1R</i>. C. Levels of <i>osk</i> mRNA produced from a single copy of the indicated transgenes. All values are normalized against the level of mRNA from a single copy of the <i>oskHA</i> transgene, which is identical to <i>oskM1RHA</i> except that it has the wild type M1 codon. Levels of <i>rp49</i> were monitored to normalize for amount of RNA used in each assay. Error bars indicate standard error. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrates no significant difference between RNA levels for any of the transgenes tested (F = 1.066, df = 13, p = 0.417).</p
Community effects in regulation of translation
No full textAbstract Certain forms of translational regulation, and translation itself, rely on long-range interactions between proteins bound to the different ends of mRNAs. A widespread assumption is that such interactions occur only in cis, between the two ends of a single transcript. However, certain translational regulatory defects of the Drosophila oskar (osk) mRNA can be rescued in trans. We proposed that inter-transcript interactions, promoted by assembly of the mRNAs in particles, allow regulatory elements to act in trans. Here we confirm predictions of that model and show that disruption of PTB-dependent particle assembly inhibits rescue in trans. Communication between transcripts is not limited to different osk mRNAs, as regulation imposed by cis-acting elements embedded in the osk mRNA spreads to gurken mRNA. We conclude that community effects exist in translational regulation
The 5' element is required for translational activation.
No full text<p>A and B. Western blot analysis of transgenes expressed as single copies in the <i>osk</i><sup><i>A87</i></sup><i>/Df(3R)osk</i> background. Tubulin is detected as a loading control. C. Diagram of the <i>oskM1R</i> 5' region, showing the positions of the two iORFs and how the ∆311–360 deletion fuses iORF2 to the Osk reading frame, and thus can produce the novel protein band detected in A. The partial sequence shown has the reading frame for Osk protein indicated by spaces, and the reading frame for iORF2 indicated by vertical hash marks. D-G. In situ hybridization to detect transgene mRNAs in the <i>osk</i><sup><i>A87</i></sup><i>/Df(3R)osk</i> background (panels D'-G' are magnified views of the posterior region to better show the mRNA distributions). For the <i>oskHA</i> transgene, which makes both Long and Short Osk, the mRNA is tightly restricted to a posterior crescent (D,D'). The <i>oskM1R</i> transgene lacks Long Osk and its anchoring function, and the mRNA has a more punctate distribution (E,E'). Similarly, both of the mutants tested, one with normal <i>osk</i> activity (F,F'; the ∆61–90 deletion) and one largely lacking <i>osk</i> activity (G,G'; the ∆118–135 deletion), have the same punctate distribution of mRNA.</p
Community effects in regulation of translation
No full textCertain forms of translational regulation, and translation itself, rely on long-range interactions between proteins bound to the different ends of mRNAs. A widespread assumption is that such interactions occur only in cis, between the two ends of a single transcript. However, certain translational regulatory defects of the Drosophila oskar (osk) mRNA can be rescued in trans. We proposed that inter-transcript interactions, promoted by assembly of the mRNAs in particles, allow regulatory elements to act in trans. Here we confirm predictions of that model and show that disruption of PTB-dependent particle assembly inhibits rescue in trans. Communication between transcripts is not limited to different osk mRNAs, as regulation imposed by cis-acting elements embedded in the osk mRNA spreads to gurken mRNA. We conclude that community effects exist in translational regulation
Sequence conservation in the 5' region of the <i>osk</i> gene.
No full text<p>The diagram at top shows the 5' region of <i>osk</i>, with the extended 5' UTR as a black line and the <i>osk</i> coding region as a rectangle. The AUG start codons for Long and Short Osk are shown, and the region containing the 5' activation element is shaded. The two analyses of conservation are shown below, with the phastCons output above and the consecCons output below, as indicated. For the latter, each vertical line indicates the presence of 2 consecutive positions that are perfectly conserved among the species analyzed (Methods and Materials). At bottom are segments of the <i>osk</i> sequence showing the short regions most highly conserved in the extended 5' UTR. Within the coding region, codons are indicated by spacing, and perfectly conserved positions are identified with asterisks. Endpoints of the indicated deletion mutations are marked.</p
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