9 research outputs found
Experience of Collaboration between Advocacy NGO’s and Government Social Welfare Officers in Preventing Children from Sexual, Emotional and Physical abuse in Arusha City, Tanzania
Get PDFMaster i International Social Welfare and Health PolicyIt is estimated that 86% of children aged 2 to 14 are subjected to sexual, emotional
and physical abuse globally. Regardless of the vulnerable situations, which expose
children to the risk of being harmed, it is very possible to prevent children from harm
by having commitments and deliberate efforts by different actors such as families
(including kin), communities, states, NGOs, international organizations, or other
stakeholders concerned with the best interests of children.
The purpose of this thesis was to explore experiences of collaboration between
Advocacy Non Governmental Organizations and Government Social Welfare Officers
in preventing children from sexual, emotional and physical abuse in Arusha, Tanzania.
The thesis is a fieldwork study employing in-depth interviews as method of data
collection.Secondary data was also used in this study. The study included three
government social welfare officers and three representatives from advocacy nongovernmental
organizations.
The study findings indicated that collaboration between advocacy NGOs and
government social welfare officers exists. Furthermore, the study also disclosed
opportunities and challenges of collaboration between advocacy NGOs and
government social welfare officers
Apart from getting their experience of protecting children from harm, the sample was
able to demonstrate nature and experience of collaboration between Arusha City
Social Welfare Officers and Advocacy NGOs working in the child sector in Arusha.publishedVersio
National Health Insurance Fund in the Informal Sector: Challenges and Constraints Experience from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Get PDFThis qualitative research and interpretative paradigm study investigated the challenges and constraints of the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) inclusion of the informal sector in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Sixteen respondents were involved in this study through an in-depth interview as a primary method of data collection. Content and thematic analysis were used to draw themes from data. Findings revealed that the operation of the NHIF in the informal sector is facing challenges such as a lack of information about health insurance; the packages attract sicker than healthy individuals and informal social protection attracts individuals more than NHIF. Furthermore, the study revealed that the implementation of the NHIF in the informal sector is constrained by the limitation of other family members, waiting time after joining the NHIF, limited services to the first-year members, and the exclusion of people above 59 years in special insurance packages. The study concludes that the inclusion of the informal sector in the NHIF packages is experiencing challenges and constraints, areas that need to be addressed for the successful widening of the coverage. The study recommends that NHIF should expand its coverage to promote universal health coverage and enhance sustainable development goal number three
Experience of Collaboration between Advocacy NGO’s and Government Social Welfare Officers in Preventing Children from Sexual, Emotional and Physical abuse in Arusha City, Tanzania
No full textIt is estimated that 86% of children aged 2 to 14 are subjected to sexual, emotional
and physical abuse globally. Regardless of the vulnerable situations, which expose
children to the risk of being harmed, it is very possible to prevent children from harm
by having commitments and deliberate efforts by different actors such as families
(including kin), communities, states, NGOs, international organizations, or other
stakeholders concerned with the best interests of children.
The purpose of this thesis was to explore experiences of collaboration between
Advocacy Non Governmental Organizations and Government Social Welfare Officers
in preventing children from sexual, emotional and physical abuse in Arusha, Tanzania.
The thesis is a fieldwork study employing in-depth interviews as method of data
collection.Secondary data was also used in this study. The study included three
government social welfare officers and three representatives from advocacy nongovernmental
organizations.
The study findings indicated that collaboration between advocacy NGOs and
government social welfare officers exists. Furthermore, the study also disclosed
opportunities and challenges of collaboration between advocacy NGOs and
government social welfare officers
Apart from getting their experience of protecting children from harm, the sample was
able to demonstrate nature and experience of collaboration between Arusha City
Social Welfare Officers and Advocacy NGOs working in the child sector in Arusha
Extracurricular Activities In The Broader Personal Development: Reflections From Youth In Public Secondary Schools
Get PDFThis study examined extracurricular activities in the broader personal development: Reflections from Youth in Public Secondary Schools. Specifically, the study examined the contribution of extracurricular in the areas of leadership, sexual reproductive health, and good academic performance in public secondary schools in Muheza and Korogwe districts in Tanga region, Tanzania. The study was qualitative which adopted the interpretive paradigm. Data were collected through focused group discussions from 160 secondary school students who experienced extracurricular activities in their school environment. Grounded theory methodology was used to analyze the data collected. The study findings revealed that extracurricular contribute to leadership as it builds youth with leadership skills, teach youth to volunteer, and inform youth that leadership is about having agenda. Additionally, the study exposed that extracurricular activities are important in educating the youth on sexual reproductive health as they learn about their bodies, hygiene at puberty age, being unastonished by the biological changes but also extracurricular help youth to manage risk sexual behavior. With regards to good academic performance, the study revealed that extracurricular are for academic benefits, as it aspires to academic discussion and has minimized students' truancy. The study concludes that Extracurricular influences secondary school youth's development as it exposes them to environments translating into real situations affecting their wellbeing. Through extracurricular students can explore their environment, encouraging innovations and building creativity with very minimal resources. Additionally, extracurricular activities have proved to have a positive behavior outcome such as academic performance in the school-age stage and occupational status and income in adulthood. The study suggests that the government should translate extracurricular activities from documents to actions and give equal weight to both classroom and non-classroom activities. The extracurricular activities balance the existing gap between soft and hard skills. That extracurricular helps youth to address challenges they face in their daily life. Extracurricular found to be of interest to students because it all connected to people’s character and it is widely applicable to most areas. While hard skills help an individual to enter a job market, soft skills guarantee job opportunities and further career growth
Socio-Economic Abuse of the Victims of Human Trafficking in Arusha Tanzania: A case of women and girl victims
Get PDFHuman trafficking has been pervasive around the world with millions of people being trapped in this cycle. The victims of human trafficking encounter many grievances including physical, psychological, sexual, cultural, and even economic abuse. Economic abuse to victims of trafficking is used as a control measure by the perpetrators of human trafficking. In Tanzania, the problem has been persistent with great consequences. It is with this concern that this study embarked on a research journey to examine economic abuse inflicted on the victims of human trafficking. The study applied both probability and nonprobability sampling to select the respondents. A total of 400 respondents were selected for the study. The study revealed that most respondents (72.5%) complained of having big debts built from false accusations from their employers and 74% reported having irregular salary payments respectively. Also, a good number reported working long exhaustive hours with little or no pay (67%). Only a few respondents (14.1%) reported that they are denied have bank account and if they have, they are not allowed to access it. Also, the study found that 13% of the respondents that their employers had control of their mobile money accounts. They reported that the bosses usually check to see the balance of the accounts
Stakeholder Engagement in Policy Development: Observations and Lessons from International Experience
Get PDFThis chapter provides a starting point for better understanding how different approaches, tools, and technologies can support effective stakeholder participation in policy development. Participatory policy making involves stakeholders in various stages of the policy process and can focus on both the substance of the policy problem or on improving the tools and processes of policy development. We examine five international cases of stakeholder engagement in policy development to explore two questions: (1) what types of engagement tools and processes are useful for different stakeholders and contexts? And (2) what factors support the effective use of particular tools and technologies toward constructive outcomes? The cases address e-government strategic planning in a developing country, energy policy in a transitional economy, development of new technology and policy innovations in global trade, exploration of tools for policy-relevant evidence in early childhood decision making, and development of indicators for evaluating policy options in urban planning. Following a comparison of the cases, we discuss salient factors of stakeholder selection and representation, stakeholder support and education, the value of stakeholder engagement for dealing with complexity, and the usefulness of third-party experts for enhancing transparency and improving tools for engagement.Multi Actor SystemsTechnology, Policy and Managemen
Practical tools for practitioners: Unravelling power dynamics as a prelude to preventing violence against women and children
No full textThis paper explores how to employ effective, community-engaged strategies to understand and address the underlying power asymmetries that fuel violence against women and children. Utilising Participatory Action Research and underpinned by Integral Activist Epistemology, the action research adopts a novel approach combining Theory U and Powercube frameworks to facilitate a comprehensive understanding and transformation of these power relations in Shinyanga district, Tanzania. The paper describes the journey of engaging the community in identifying and challenging the unwritten rules that perpetuate violence. Key to challenging the unwritten rules is the recognition of violence as a manifestation of deeply ingrained patriarchal power structures, which are sustained through coercion and social exclusion, yet are paradoxically fragile due to the pain these norms inflict on the whole community, including men. This understanding led to the development of practical, community-led interventions, or 'prototypes', aimed at reshaping these dynamics. Key messages from the action research highlight the critical role of local context in shaping interventions, the importance of reframing existing cultural practices so that they are more inclusive, and the necessity for long-term commitment from development actors for sustainable change. The implications extend beyond Shinyanga, offering insights for practitioners globally. This paper contributes to the academic discourse on violence prevention but also serves as a practical guide, providing tools and strategies for practitioners working towards creating safer, more inclusive communities
Institutional evolution of a community-based programme for malaria control through larval source management in Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
Get PDFCommunity-based service delivery is vital to the effectiveness, affordability and sustainability of vector control generally, and to labour-intensive larval source management (LSM) programmes in particular.; The institutional evolution of a city-level, community-based LSM programme over 14 years in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, illustrates how operational research projects can contribute to public health governance and to the establishment of sustainable service delivery programmes. Implementation, management and governance of this LSM programme is framed within a nested set of spatially-defined relationships between mosquitoes, residents, government and research institutions that build upward from neighbourhood to city and national scales.; The clear hierarchical structure associated with vertical, centralized management of decentralized, community-based service delivery, as well as increasingly clear differentiation of partner roles and responsibilities across several spatial scales, contributed to the evolution and subsequent growth of the programme.; The UMCP was based on the principle of an integrated operational research project that evolved over time as the City Council gradually took more responsibility for management. The central role of Dar es Salaam's City Council in coordinating LSM implementation enabled that flexibility; the institutionalization of management and planning in local administrative structures enhanced community-mobilization and funding possibilities at national and international levels. Ultimately, the high degree of program ownership by the City Council and three municipalities, coupled with catalytic donor funding and technical support from expert overseas partners have enabled establishment of a sustainable, internally-funded programme implemented by the National Ministry of Health and Social Welfare and supported by national research and training institutes
Acceptability of malaria rapid diagnostic tests administered by village health workers in Pangani District, North eastern Tanzania.
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Malaria continues to top the list of the ten most threatening diseases to child survival in Tanzania. The country has a functional policy for appropriate case management of malaria with rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) from hospital level all the way to dispensaries, which are the first points of healthcare services in the national referral system. However, access to these health services in Tanzania is limited, especially in rural areas. Formalization of trained village health workers (VHWs) can strengthen and extend the scope of public health services, including diagnosis and management of uncomplicated malaria in resource-constrained settings. Despite long experience with VHWs in various health interventions, Tanzania has not yet formalized its involvement in malaria case management. This study presents evidence on acceptability of RDTs used by VHWs in rural northeastern Tanzania. METHODS: A cross-sectional study using quantitative and qualitative approaches was conducted between March and May 2012 in Pangani district, northeastern Tanzania, on community perceptions, practices and acceptance of RDTs used by VHWs. RESULTS: Among 346 caregivers of children under 5 years old, no evidence was found of differences in awareness of HIV rapid diagnostic tests and RDTs (54 vs. 46 %, p = 0.134). Of all respondents, 92 % expressed trust in RDT results, 96 % reported readiness to accept RDTs by VHWs, while 92 % expressed willingness to contribute towards the cost of RDTs used by VHWs. Qualitative results matched positive perceptions, attitudes and acceptance of mothers towards the use of RDTs by VHWs reported in the household surveys. Appropriate training, reliable supplies, affordability and close supervision emerged as important recommendations for implementation of RDTs by VHWs. CONCLUSION: RDTs implemented by VHWs are acceptable to rural communities in northeastern Tanzania. While families are willing to contribute towards costs of sustaining these services, policy decisions for scaling-up will need to consider the available and innovative lessons for successful universally accessible and acceptable services in keeping with national health policy and sustainable development goals
