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Urban-PLUMBER: Flux tower data archive – PL-Narutowicza
No full text# Urban-PLUMBER site data collection
Files in this folder are associated with the manuscript:
> "Harmonized, gap-filled dataset from 20 urban flux tower sites"
Use of any data must give credit through citation of the above manuscript and other sources as appropriate.
We recommend data users consult with site contributing authors and/or the coordination team in the project planning stage.
Relevant contacts are included in timeseries metadata.
For site information and timeseries plots see https://urban-plumber.github.io/sites.
For processing code see https://github.com/matlipson/urban-plumber_pipeline.
### Included files
Within each site folder:
- `index.html`: A summary page with site characteristics and timeseries plots.
- `SITENAME_sitedata_vX.csv`: comma seperated file for numerical site characteristics e.g. location, surface cover fraction etc.
- `timeseries/` (following files available as netCDF and txt)
- `SITENAME_raw_observations_vX`: site observed timeseries before project-wide quality control.
- `SITENAME_clean_observations_vX`: site observed timeseries after project-wide quality control.
- `SITENAME_metforcing_vX`: site observed timeseries after project-wide quality control and gap filling.
- `SITENAME_era5_corrected_vX`: site ERA5 surface data (1990-2020) with bias corrections as applied in the final dataset.
- `log_processing_SITENAME_vX.txt`: a log of the print statements through running the create_dataset_SITENAME scripts.
### Authors
Mathew Lipson, Sue Grimmond, Martin Best, Andreas Christen, Andrew Coutts, Ben Crawford, Bert Heusinkveld,
Erik Velasco, Helen Claire Ward, Hirofumi Sugawara, Je-Woo Hong, Jinkyu Hong, Jonathan Evans, Joseph McFadden,
Keunmin Lee, Krzysztof Fortuniak, Leena Järvi, Matthias Roth, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, Nigel Tapper, Oliver Michels,
Simone Kotthaus, Stevan Earl, Sungsoo Jo, Valéry Masson, Winston Chow, Wlodzimierz Pawlak, Yeon-Hee Kim.
Corresponding author: Mathew Lipson <[email protected]
Benchmarks for the Urban-PLUMBER model evaluation project Phase 1 (AU-Preston)
No full textAU-Preston benchmarks for the Urban-PLUMBER project
These timeseries data are associated with the study:
“Evaluation of 30 urban land surface models in the Urban-PLUMBER project: Phase 1 results”
These are empirical models of various complexity used as benchmarks to evaluate land surface models in the project. The benchmarking process follows the methods in the PLUMBER project (Best et al., 2015).
Benchmarks
Physically based
Manabe_1T: A simple ‘slab and bucket’ model (Fig. 1a) based on physical principles (i.e. conservation of energy, mass and momentum). The impervious (built) fraction is simulated using a one-tile slab scheme (Best, 2005). For the pervious fraction a simple representation allows precipitation to fill a store which overflows when full, and otherwise freely evaporate (Manabe, 1969). At each timestep, the impervious and pervious tile outputs are calculated and aggregated with a weighted mean.
Empirical (out-of-sample)
REG1-SWdown: Linear regression with one variable (SWdown, e.g. Fig. 1b) is used separately to predict SWup, LWup, Qh, Qle, and Qtau. At night predicted values are constant where SWdown = 0.
REG2-SWdown-Tair: Two-variable (SWdown and Tair) linear regression (e.g. Fig. 5c) provides some information at night and more generally for variables closely dependent on temperature (e.g. Lwup and Qh).
KM3-SWdown-Tair-RH: Following PLUMBER’s conceptual arguments, three predictor variables (SWdown, Tair and RH data) are split into three (low, medium and high) to create 3^3=27 groups, for which independent regressions are trained. K-means clustering is used to determine the training data groups (e.g. Fig. 1d). To use this piecewise regression benchmark, at each time step the input data’s proximity to one of the 27 cluster centroids is determined to select the regression to apply. This benchmark equates to PLUMBER’s EMP3KM27 (Best et al., 2015), which based on common metrics outperformed all their participating land surface models when predicting sensible and latent heat fluxes across 20 sites.
Empirical (in-sample)
KM3-IS-SWdown-Tair-RH: This follows the KM3-SWdown-Tair-RH method, but trained with in-sample data only (i.e. AU-Preston). This should outperform an out-of-sample model because of the reuse of the forcing data, but performance is expected to degrade if applied to dissimilar conditions (i.e. another site).
KM4-IS-SWdown-Tair-RH-Wind: The k-means approach is applied again, but with an additional variable (wind speed), which increases the clusters to 81 (3^4) given the above rationale. Wind speed provides information that helps to predict turbulent heat and momentum fluxes.
Authors
Emperical benchmarks were developed by Mathew Lipson: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5322-1796
The physical benchmark was developed by Martin Best: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4468-876X
Co-authors for the associated manuscript are:
Mathew Lipson, Sue Grimmond, Martin Best, Gab Abramowitz, Andrew Coutts, Nigel Tapper, Jong-Jin Baik, Meiring Beyers, Lewis Blunn, Souhail Boussetta, Elie Bou-Zeid, Martin G. De Kauwe, Cécile de Munck, Matthias Demuzere, Simone Fatichi, Krzysztof Fortuniak, Beom-Soon Han, Maggie Hendry, Yukihiro Kikegawa, Hiroaki Kondo, Doo-Il Lee, Sang-Hyun Lee, Aude Lemonsu, Tiago Machado, Gabriele Manoli, Alberto Martilli, Valéry Masson, Joe McNorton, Naika Meili, David Meyer, Kerry A. Nice, Keith W. Oleson, Seung-Bu Park, Michael Roth, Robert Schoetter, Andres Simon, Gert-Jan Steeneveld, Ting Sun, Yuya Takane, Marcus Thatcher, Aristofanis Tsiringakis, Mikhail Varentsov, Chenghao Wang, Zhi-Hua Wang
References
Observational data
Lipson, M., Grimmond, S., Best, M., Chow, W., Christen, A., Chrysoulakis, N., Coutts, A., Crawford, B., Earl, S., Evans, J., Fortuniak, K., Heusinkveld, B. G., Hong, J.-W., Hong, J., Järvi, L., Jo, S., Kim, Y.-H., Kotthaus, S., Lee, K., Masson, V., McFadden, J. P., Michels, O., Pawlak, W., Roth, M., Sugawara, H., Tapper, N., Velasco, E., and Ward, H. C.: Data for “Harmonized gap-filled dataset from 20 urban flux tower sites” for the Urban-PLUMBER project, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7104984, 2022.
Benchmark references
Best, M. J., Abramowitz, G., Johnson, H. R., Pitman, A. J., Balsamo, G., Boone, A., Cuntz, M., Decharme, B., Dirmeyer, P. A., Dong, J., Ek, M., Guo, Z., Haverd, V., Hurk, B. J. J. van den, Nearing, G. S., Pak, B., Peters-Lidard, C., Santanello, J. A., Stevens, L., and Vuichard, N.: The Plumbing of Land Surface Models: Benchmarking Model Performance, Journal of Hydrometeorology, 16, 1425–1442, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-14-0158.1, 2015.
Best, M. J.: Representing urban areas within operational numerical weather prediction models, Boundary-Layer Meteorol, 114, 91–109, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-004-4834-5, 2005.
Manabe, S.: CLIMATE AND THE OCEAN CIRCULATION: I. THE ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION AND THE HYDROLOGY OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE, Monthly Weather Review, 97, 739–774, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1969)0972.3.CO;2, 1969
Associated results of Phase 1 of the Urban-PLUMBER model evaluation project
No full textArchive of: https://urban-plumber.github.io/AU-Preston/plots/
Files in this folder are associated with the manuscript:
“Evaluation of 30 urban land surface models in the Urban-PLUMBER project: Phase 1 results”
Files are an archive of the website https://urban-plumber.github.io/AU-Preston/plots/ as of 2nd December 2022.
Use of any data must give credit through citation of the above manuscript, the data repository, and other site references as appropriate.
Corresponding author: Mathew Lipson ([email protected])
Usage
Load the "index.html" to navigate through plots and results subpages
Description
These files include results from Phase 1 of the Urban-PLUMBER model evaluation project for urban areas.
Data includes:
- individual model results (error metrics) and submission metadata
- individual model plots (timeseries, subsets, energy closure, distributions)
- collective timeseries for every submitted output in the baseline experiment
- collective timeseries for every submitted output in the detailed experiment
- supplementary material for the manuscript
- variable definitions
Authors
Mathew Lipson, Sue Grimmond, Martin Best, Gab Abramowitz, Andrew Coutts, Nigel Tapper,
Jong-Jin Baik, Meiring Beyers, Lewis Blunn, Souhail Boussetta, Elie Bou-Zeid,
Martin G. De Kauwe, Cécile de Munck, Matthias Demuzere, Simone Fatichi,
Krzysztof Fortuniak, Beom-Soon Han, Maggie Hendry, Yukihiro Kikegawa, Hiroaki Kondo,
Doo-Il Lee, Sang-Hyun Lee, Aude Lemonsu, Tiago Machado, Gabriele Manoli, Alberto Martilli,
Valéry Masson, Joe McNorton, Naika Meili, David Meyer, Kerry A. Nice, Keith W. Oleson,
Seung-Bu Park32, Michael Roth33, Robert Schoetter34, Andres Simon35, Gert-Jan Steeneveld,
Ting Sun, Yuya Takane, Marcus Thatcher, Aristofanis Tsiringakis, Mikhail Varentsov,
Chenghao Wang, Zhi-Hua Wan
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Associated results of Phase 1 of the Urban-PLUMBER model evaluation project
No full textArchive of: https://urban-plumber.github.io/AU-Preston/plots/ Files in this folder are associated with the manuscript: “Evaluation of 30 urban land surface models in the Urban-PLUMBER project: Phase 1 results” Files are an archive of the website https://urban-plumber.github.io/AU-Preston/plots/ as of 2nd December 2022. Use of any data must give credit through citation of the above manuscript, the data repository, and other site references as appropriate. Corresponding author: Mathew Lipson ([email protected]) Usage Load the "index.html" to navigate through plots and results subpages Description These files include results from Phase 1 of the Urban-PLUMBER model evaluation project for urban areas. Data includes: - individual model results (error metrics) and submission metadata - individual model plots (timeseries, subsets, energy closure, distributions) - collective timeseries for every submitted output in the baseline experiment - collective timeseries for every submitted output in the detailed experiment - supplementary material for the manuscript - variable definitions Authors Mathew Lipson, Sue Grimmond, Martin Best, Gab Abramowitz, Andrew Coutts, Nigel Tapper, Jong-Jin Baik, Meiring Beyers, Lewis Blunn, Souhail Boussetta, Elie Bou-Zeid, Martin G. De Kauwe, Cécile de Munck, Matthias Demuzere, Simone Fatichi, Krzysztof Fortuniak, Beom-Soon Han, Maggie Hendry, Yukihiro Kikegawa, Hiroaki Kondo, Doo-Il Lee, Sang-Hyun Lee, Aude Lemonsu, Tiago Machado, Gabriele Manoli, Alberto Martilli, Valéry Masson, Joe McNorton, Naika Meili, David Meyer, Kerry A. Nice, Keith W. Oleson, Seung-Bu Park32, Michael Roth33, Robert Schoetter34, Andres Simon35, Gert-Jan Steeneveld, Ting Sun, Yuya Takane, Marcus Thatcher, Aristofanis Tsiringakis, Mikhail Varentsov, Chenghao Wang, Zhi-Hua Wan
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
