457 research outputs found
Sémantique de l'Espace et du déplacement
No full text@incollection{OL-MATHET-2005, author = {Yann Mathet}, title = {{S{é}mantique de l'Espace et du d{é}placement}}, chapter = {6}, pages = {215-265}, booktitle = {S{é}mantique et traitement automatique des langues}, editor = {Patrice Enjalbert}, series = {Trait{é} IC2, s{é}rie Cognition et traitement de l'information}, publisher = {Herm{è}s Sciences, Lavoisier}, year = {2005}
Passage Extraction in Geographical Documents
No full text@inproceedings{CI-BILHAUT-2003-2, address = {Zakopane, Pologne}, author = {Fr{é}d{é}rik Bilhaut and Thierry Charnois and Patrice Enjalbert and Yann Mathet}, booktitle = {Proceedings of New Trends in Intelligent Information Processing and Web Mining (IIPWM'03)}, pages = {121-130}, title = {{Passage Extraction in Geographical Documents}}, year = {2003}, month = {June} }International audienc
Une approche cognitive de l'itération et sa modélisation
No full text@inproceedings{AC-MATHET-2007, author = {Mathet, Y.}, title = {Une approche cognitive de l'itération et sa modélisation}, booktitle = {Atelier Représentation et Raisonnement sur le Temps et l'Espace associé à la plateforme AFIA'07}, publisher = {}, address = {Grenoble, France}, year = {2007}, month = {juillet}, pages = {}, note = {} }International audienc
Indexation discursive pour la navigation intradocumentaire : cadres temporels et spatiaux dans l'information géographique
No full text@inproceedings{CN-BILHAUT-2003, address = {Batz-sur-Mer, France}, author = {Fr{é}d{é}rik Bilhaut and {Lydia-Mai} {Ho Dac} and Andr{é}e Borillo and Thierry Charnois and Patrice Enjalbert and Anne {Le Draoulec} and Yann Mathet and H{é}l{è}ne Miguet and Marie-Paule P{é}ry-woodley and Laure Sarda}, booktitle = {Actes de la 10e Conf{é}rence Traitement Automatique du Langage Naturel (TALN'03)}, pages = {315-320}, title = {{Indexation discursive pour la navigation intradocumentaire : cadres temporels et spatiaux dans l'information g{é}ographique}}, year = {2003} }National audienc
Aligner : un outil d'alignement et de mesure d'accord inter-annotateurs
No full textVoir http://www.atala.org/taln_archives/TALN/TALN-2011/taln-2011-demo-015.pdfNational audienceUne méthode unifiée d'alignement et de mesure d'accord inter-annotateurs a été développée par (Mathet&Widlöcher 2011), consistant à considérer les annotations concurrentes faites par plusieurs annotateurs comme un facteur de désordre que le choix du meilleur alignement va minimiser. Cette notion de désordre, appelée ent ropie, est par ailleurs considérée par rapport au désordre induit par un processus aléatoire sur les mêmes textes pour établir une mesure d'accord , suivant la formule ..
On the complexity of manual annotation : methodology, bias and recommendations
No full textLes corpus de référence annotés constituent des éléments primordiaux de nombreuses tâches du Traitement Automatique des Langues. Leur construction fait l'objet d’une attention particulière, notamment lors de campagnes d’annotation manuelle. Ces dernières impliquent de multiples aspects, déjà étudiés dans la littérature mais souvent de manière séparée. Nous présentons une synthèse des problèmes rencontrés lors des différentes étapes d'une campagne, attirant l’attention des gestionnaires sur des points de vigilance, afin qu'ils fassent preuve de prudence durant leur campagne.Cette thèse donne une première définition des biais d’annotation, qui sont des phénomènes perturbateurs et variés pouvant avoir une incidence sur les annotations. Nous proposons une méthode et des moyens d'observation pour détecter et analyser la présence de biais d’annotation. Deux campagnes d’annotation, menées spécialement dans le but d'étudier des biais particuliers, servent d'illustration et nous ont permis de constater l'influence tangible de certains paramètres sur l’annotation. Dans cette optique, nous avons aussi introduit la notion de consensualité, qui permet en particulier de situer un annotateur par rapport à un groupe. Nous montrons un premier lien entre les annotateurs les moins consensuels et les moins performants.Annotated reference corpora are essential elements of many tasks in Natural Language Processing. Their construction is the object of particular attention, especially during manual annotation campaigns. The latter involve multiple aspects, already studied in the literature but often separately. We present a synthesis of the problems encountered during the different stages of a campaign, drawing the attention of managers to points of vigilance, so that they can be careful during their campaign.This thesis gives a first definition of annotation biases, which are disturbing and varied phenomena that can have an impact on annotations. We propose a method and means of observation to detect and analyze the presence of annotation bias. Two annotation campaigns, conducted specifically to study particular biases, serve as illustrations and have allowed us to observe the tangible influence of certain parameters on the annotation. In this perspective, we have also introduced the notion of consensuality, which allows us to situate an annotator in relation to a group. We show a first link between the least consensual annotators and the least efficient ones
The Agreement Measure Gamma-Cat : a Complement to Gamma Focused on Categorization of a Continuum
No full textInternational audienceAgreement on unitizing, where several annotators freely put units of various sizes and categories on a continuum, is difficult to assess because of the simultaneaous discrepancies in positioning and categorizing. The recent agreement measure γ offers an overall solution that simultaneously takes into account positions and categories. In this article, I propose the additional coefficient γcat, which complements γ by assessing the agreement on categorization of a continuum, putting aside positional discrepancies. When applied to pure categorization (with predefined units), γcat behaves the same way as the famous dedicated Krippendorff's α, even with missing values, which proves its consistency. A variation of γcat is also proposed that provides an in-depth assessment of categorizing for each individual category. The entire family of γ coefficients is implemented in free software
Equilibrium transition study for a hybrid MAV
No full textWind tunnel testing was performed on a VTOL aircraft in order to characterize longitudinal flight behavior during an equilibrium transition between vertical and horizontal flight modes. Trim values for airspeed, pitch, motor speed and elevator position were determined. Data was collected by independently varying the trim parameters, and stability and control derivatives were identified as functions of the trim pitch angle. A linear fractional representation model was then proposed, along with several methods to improve longitudinal control of the aircraft
Étude des phénomènes itératifs en langue (Inscription discursive et Calcul aspectuo-temporel, Vers un traitement automatisé)
No full textCette thèse s inscrit dans le domaine du traitement automatique des langues, et concerne l étude des phénomènes itératifs en langue. Il s agit notamment de rendre compte de la sémantique de procès exprimant une répétition au sein d un texte, tant du point de vue de l aspect que du temps. Nous avons mené nos travaux dans le cadre d un travail d équipe pluridisciplinaire couvrant des orientations linguistiques, logiques et informatiques. Ces travaux reposent sur une double appréhension commune d un énoncé itératif: une entité éve nementielle générique qui est présentée comme répétée dans le temps, d une part; l itération proprement dite, conçue comme ensemble des occurrences du modèle, d autre part. Nous nous focalisons sur deux facettes: l inscription discursive, en nous reposant sur une modélisation objet de la construction du sens des itérations (Mathet, 2007); et le calcul aspectuo-temporel au travers de la Sémantique de la temporalité (Gosselin, 2011). Nous menons en premier lieu une étude de corpus qui vise à caractériser l inscription discursive des itérations. Nous exposons sur cette base leurs propriétés discursives dans la perspective de circonscrire automatiquement les itérations. Nous établissons également un modèle d annotation pour cette automatisation permettant in ne d instancier les itérations au sein du modèle objet. Dans un second temps, nous abordons les phénomènes itératifs sous l angle du calcul aspectuo-temporel. Fondé sur les travaux de Gosselin sur les procès semelfactifs, nous étudions les ajustements nécessaires pour l appliquer aux procès itératifs, en intégrant la notion de double visée aspectuelle, dans l objectif de l automatisation du calcul.This thesis deals with Natural Language Processing. It studies the iterative phenomena in French, and it covers the semantics of event repetitions within the same text, both in term of aspect and time. Our study is based on a teamwork focusing on multidisciplinary approach to the phenomena iterative guidance covering language, logic and science computer. This work is based on two common concepts: on one hand, a temporal entity called typical event that is presented as repeated over time, and on the other, we have the iteration itself, constructed as set of all occurrences of the model event. This thesis focuses on two aspects: the discursive inscription, basing on an object modeling for the construction of the meaning of iterations (Mathet, 2007); and the aspectual calculation through the semantics of temporality (Gosselin, 2011). We conduct, as a rst step, a study corpus which aims to characterize the discursive inscription of iterations. On this basis we expose their properties with a view towards automatically indentifying the iterations, i.e. matching the beginning and the closing of a textual segment. We establish also a model of annotation for this automation in order to instantiate iterations in the object model. In a second step, we consider the aspectual and temporal calculation of iterations. Based on the work of Gosselin on the aspectual calculation of selmefactive events, we study the adjustments in order to apply it to the iterative events, integrating the concept of two simultaneously independent referred aspectual, in view of the implementation process. Finally, we complete these two aspects of our work through the integration of our results in TimeML.CAEN-BU Sciences et STAPS (141182103) / SudocSudocFranceF
"I' ll tell you a story that will make you believe" in narratives: the role of metafiction in the novel and in the film Life of Pi
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inglês: Estudos Linguísticos e Literários, Florianópolis, 2015.Recentes estudos propõem que adaptações cinematográficas sejam entendidas como fonte de criação, os quais refletem contextos e interpretações diferentes do texto em que são baseadas. Nessa dissertação, propõe-se uma análise comparativa do romance Life of Pi (2001), de Yann Martel e do filme homônimo dirigido por Ang Lee (2012). A análise tem como objetivo identificar a presença e o modo em que a metaficção é construída no romance e no filme, e quais são alguns significados produzidos por ela em ambos os textos, tanto o literário quanto o fílmico. A concepção de metafição se baseia nas definições de Linda Hutcheon e Patricia Waugh. Por metaficção, entende-se a ficção consciente de si, que expõe o processo de escrita ao leitor e o convida a ter um papel ativo na construção do significado. Após uma análise comparativa dos dois textos, conclui-se que a metaficção está presente em ambos, tanto tematicamente como estruturalmente. As reflexões sobre narrativas apresentadas pelos personagens, o uso de vários níveis narrativos e de intertextualidade revelam diferentes usos da metafição em ambos. A diferença mais importante entre o romance e o filme Life of Pi está no uso dos níveis narrativos. Enquanto o romance possui um ?autor? sem nome que apresenta a história aos leitores, o filme possui um diretor implícito que deixa pistas de qual versão da história de Pi é ?real? no contexto da narrativa. Essa diferença dá ao romance um final aberto, em que o leitor deve escolher qual versão da história ele acredita, enquanto o filme possui uma resolução para essa questão. O filme, então, pode ser entendido como um testemunho, uma narrativa de trauma de um sobrevivente de um naufrágio e da experiência de migração, enquanto o livro não apresenta uma decisão em relação às versões da história, deixando o leitor aberto a qualquer possibilidade.Abstract : Recent studies propose that Film Adaptations should be understood as sources of creation, which also reflect a different context and interpretation from the text upon which they were based. In this thesis, I propose a comparative analysis of the novel Life of Pi (2001), by Yann Martel, and the homonymous film directed by Ang Lee (2012). The analysis has the objective of identifying the presence and the way in which metafiction is constructed in the novel and in the film, and what are some of the meanings produced by it in both texts, the filmic and the literary. The concept of metafiction was based on the definitions by Linda Hutcheon and Patricia Waugh. It is understood as the self-conscious fictional text, which exposes the writing process to the readers and invites them to have an active role in the construction of meaning. In the comparative analyses of the two texts, I have proved that metafiction is present in the two texts, both thematically and structurally. The reflections of the characters on narrative itself as well as the use of different narrative levels and intertextual references reveal different uses of metanarrative in both film and novel. The most important difference between the novel and the film Life of Pi is in their uses of different narrative levels. While the novel has an unnamed =author? who presents the story to the readers, the film has an implicit director who leaves =clues? of which version of Pi?s story is ?real? in the context of the narrative. This difference gives to the novel an open end, facein which the readers must choose which version of the story they believe in, while the film presents a resolution to this question. The film, thus, can be understood as a testimony narrative, a narrative of the trauma of a survivor from a shipwreck and from the experience of migration, while the novel does not decide for one of the versions of the story, enabling a more inconclusive reading
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