1,720,960 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
.
No full textLe premier axe de ce travail de thèse s'est d'abord orienté vers la détermination des causes biochimiques de la résistance aux AVK liée au polymorphisme du gène Vkorcl. Ainsi, 26 mutations spontanées ont été répertoriées sur le gène Vkorcl chez des hommes recevant des doses augmentées d'AVK. Cependant, l'association entre la résistance et les réelles causes pharmacogénétiques, a parfois été établie de manière un peu hâtive. Nous avons donc, dans un premier temps, voulu confirmer ou non ces liens de causalités, en caractérisant le profile enzymatique de chaque mutant. L'expression hétérologue de ces enzymes mutées, par la levure Pichia pastoris, n'a permis de révéler uniquement 6 mutations réellement impliquées dans le phénotype résistant. De la même manière, nous avons ensuite déterminé l'efficacité d'un nouvel AVK, la Tecarfarine, sur ces mêmes mutants. Cet AVK, contournant toute forme de résistance liée aux polymorphismes des CYP450, présente un avantage relatif face à certaines SNP de Vkorcl. Dans un second temps, nous avons établi les caractéristiques catalytiques d'une nouvelle enzyme paralogue de VKORC1, la VKORC1-L1. Etant également dotée d'une activité vitamine K époxyde réductase, nous voulions éclaircir sont rôle biologique ainsi que sa répartition dans les différents tissus. La VKORC1-L1 apparait alors bien plus résistante aux AVK que VKORC1 malgré une forte homologie de structure. Les propriétés catalytiques de VKORC1-L1 et sa répartition biologique oriente alors sont rôle vers l'activation des PVKD extra- hépatiques, expliquant l'absence d'influence des traitements AVK sur les autres processus vitamine K dépendants. Enfin, grâce à ces résultats, une étude Structure/Fonction de ces 2 enzymes, basée sur la mutagénèse dirigée, nous a permis de révéler certains AA de VKORC1- L1 responsable de son phénotype résistant. Cette étude nous a alors permis de mieux comprendre l'implication de différents acides aminés dans l'interaction avec les AVK chez VKORC1 et VKORC1-L1 et de dévoiler un peu plus leur mécanisme enzymatique. Le deuxième axe de ce travail s'est construit, cette fois-ci, autour des conséquences biochimiques et physiologiques des ces SNP de Vkorcl chez l'homme et le rongeur. Nous avons alors révélé chez le rat des mutations responsables de la perte de vitamine K sous forme de 3-OH au sein du cycle de recyclage. Une explication mécanistique à alors été apportée afin de mieux comprendre cette altération du cycle de recyclage conduisant à terme vers un état de subcarence chez ces animaux. Cet état de subcarence en vitamine K est alors décrit comme le « coût biologique de la résistance aux AVK ». Ce coût biologique va alors avoir des répercussions sur de nombreux processus liés à la vitamine K, comme la calcification des tissus mous mené par la MGP. Nous avons alors tenté de créer un modèle animal, à partir d'une souche de rat possédant une mutation en positon 139 sur Vkorcl causant cette fuite sous forme de 3-OH vitamine K. Ce modèle animal mime parfaitement la calcification au niveau de la média artérielle, de part une simple diminution de l'apport en vitamine K dans l'alimentation, pendant environ 5 semaines. Ces calcifications s'observent dans les artères de multiples organes et reproduisent ce qu'il se manifeste chez les personnes âgées ou souffrant d'IRC. Ce modèle pourra donc à l'avenir supplanter les autres modèles de calcifications artérielles, nécessitant des traitements lourds et une attention toute particulière. Le modèle développé dans cette étude est simple à mettre en place, assez court, peu onéreux et permettra à terme d'étudier des maladies cardiovasculaires comme l'hypertension systolique isolée
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
