1,720,958 research outputs found
Il valore delle sperimentazioni organizzative: come associarsi diventa innovare. Spunti da un’analisi delle reti inter-organizzative in un’area interna del Mezzogiorno
No full textAlcuni studi hanno iniziato a suggerire, dalla metà del primo decennio degli anni Duemila, di arricchire il dibattito sul triangolo “imprese, innovazione e policy” (Edler e Fagerberg 2017) mettendo al centro lo sperimentalismo, sia delle politiche che degli strumenti. In un volume del 2014, l’OECD e la World Bank sostengono che per comprendere e (ri)pensare le politiche di innovazione, occorre “learning from experimentation”. Nel libro sono raccolti diversi casi-studio nei quali si analizzano le diverse modalità di “sperimentalismo” nei diversi contesti territoriali messe in atto da policy makers, stakeholders e imprese, volte a introdurre innovazioni (di prodotto, di processo, organizzative, regolative). Nonostante il numero limitato di casi-studio, la capacità di guardare approfonditamente i vari meccanismi “sperimentali” ha aperto la strada a altre ricerche qualitative interessate all’implementazione situata, al process tracing, a quello che potrebbe essere definito il “valore dello sperimentalismo”.
Questo articolo, a partire da quanto detto sin qui, si situa al crocevia tra una riflessione sui meccanismi regolativi e la forma organizzativa, analizzando le strategie di innovazione messe in atto all’interno di due filiere produttive (agri-food organico e aerospaziale), in un milieux locale di un’area interna economicamente depressa che comprende le provincie di Benevento e Avellino, attraverso lo strumento del contratto di rete.
Ivi si analizzano sperimentalismi in due “campi”:
a) i meccanismi di regolazione “associativi” come strumenti per lo sviluppo locale, prendendo come riferimento il modello dell’associational economy teorizzato dai geografi economici Morgan e Cooke;
b) le relazioni inter-organizzative, motivate e “accese” dalla necessità delle aziende di reperire risorse, irreperibili singolarmente, utilizzando il frame organizzativo della resource-based view (Barney 1991)
Drivers of and uncertainty in Amazon carbon sink long-term and interannual variability in CMIP6 models
Get PDFThe Amazon basin rainforest is a critical component of the climate system, currently representing 25 % of terrestrial carbon gains and storing 150x109 to 200x109 t of carbon. Whether the Amazon rainforest will remain a net carbon sink is an open scientific question: while its future stability and functioning may be compromised by climate change and anthropogenic pressures, Earth system model (ESM) divergence in the projections undermines the models' reliability in simulating its future evolution. In this study, we examined the contribution of different climatic drivers behind the long-term and interannual variability evolution of the carbon sink within the Amazon basin using 11 CMIP6 ESMs, shedding light on the main factors contributing to inter-model diversity. By adopting the carbon-cycle feedback framework with C4MIP experiments, our results underscore the dominant role of CO2 fertilization in driving the long-term Amazon carbon sink trend and uncertainty. We also address the variability in carbon fluxes at the interannual timescale using a multivariate predictive model with historical and SSP5-8.5 ScenarioMIP simulations. In this respect, we emphasize the contribution of gross primary productivity (GPP) modulation by shortwave incoming radiation, which dominates net biome productivity (NBP) divergence across the ESM ensemble. Additionally, we demonstrate that temperature-driven anomalies will be the main mechanism responsible for the higher Amazon carbon sink sensitivity to the El Ni & ntilde;o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) under sustained global warming, predominantly as a result of the amplification of NBP sensitivity to temperature anomalies. Being that the representation of terrestrial carbon-cycle processes is still one of the main uncertainties undermining ESM projections, we therefore advocate for increased focus from modelling groups on a more accurate and consistent representation of land processes and parameterizations, which will hopefully lead to reduced uncertainties in simulations from the next generation of ESMs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Future Atlantification of the European Arctic limited under sustained global warming
No full textAtlantification is an ongoing oceanic phenomenon characterised by the expansion of the typical Atlantic domain towards the Arctic, driving rapid oceanic and ecological changes in the European Arctic. Using reanalyses and a multi-model ensemble of unperturbed and transient preindustrial, historical and future-scenario simulations, this study shows that modern Atlantification possibly initiated in the late nineteenth century, preceded by several “Arctification” episodes in the preindustrial millennium. In the historical period, Atlantification and pan-Arctic warming superposed constructively to drive upper-ocean warming and salinification in the Barents Sea. Modern Atlantification is projected to continue in the next few decades, fully revealing its exceptional character in the context of the past millennium. However, Atlantification halts during the second half of the twenty-first century, decoupling from pan-Arctic warming. The northward expansion of the Atlantic domain is hindered by the onset of a damping mechanism where the Atlantic-Arctic density gradient increases progressively, which sustains a countercurrent by baroclinic adjustment pushing the Arctic polar front southward. As the evolution of this density gradient is intertwined with the retreat of the sea-ice edge, a late-summer ice-free Barents Sea may mark the end of modern Atlantification
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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