1,720,967 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Modèles de distribution pour la simulation de trafic multi-agent
No full textNowadays, analysis and prediction of transport network behavior are crucial elements for the implementation of territorial management policies. Computer simulation of road traffic is a powerful tool for testing management strategies before deploying them in an operational context. Simulation of city-wide traffic requires significant computing power exceeding the capacity of a single computer.This thesis studies the methods to perform large-scale multi-agent traffic simulations. We propose solutions allowing the distribution of such simulations on a large amount of computing cores.One of them distributes the agents directly on the available cores, while the second splits the environment on which the agents evolve. Graph partitioning methods are studied for this purpose, and we propose a partitioning procedure specially adapted to the multi-agent traffic simulation. A dynamic load balancing algorithm is also developed to optimize the performance of the microscopic simulation distribution.The proposed solutions have been tested on a real network representing the Paris-Saclay area.These solutions are generic and can be applied to most existing simulators.The results show that the distribution of the agents greatly improves the performance of the macroscopic simulation, whereas the environment distribution is more suited to microscopic simulation. Our load balancing algorithm also significantly improves the efficiency of the environment based distributionL'analyse et la prévision du comportement des réseaux de transport sont aujourd'hui des éléments cruciaux pour la mise en place de politiques de gestion territoriale. La simulation informatique du trafic routier est un outil puissant permettant de tester des stratégies de gestion avant de les déployer dans un contexte opérationnel. La simulation du trafic à l'échelle d'un ville requiert cependant une puissance de calcul très importante, dépassant les capacité d'un seul ordinateur.Dans cette thèse, nous étudions des méthodes permettant d'effectuer des simulations de trafic multi-agent à large échelle. Nous proposons des solutions permettant de distribuer l'exécution de telles simulations sur un grand nombre de coe urs de calcul. L'une d'elle distribue directement les agents sur les coeurs disponibles, tandis que la seconde découpe l'environnement sur lequel les agents évoluent. Les méthodes de partitionnement de graphes sont étudiées à cet effet, et nous proposons une procédure de partitionnement spécialement adaptée à la simulation de trafic multi-agent. Un algorithme d'équilibrage de charge dynamique est également développé, afin d'optimiser les performances de la distribution de la simulation microscopique.Les solutions proposées ont été éprouvées sur un réseau réel représentant la zone de Paris-Saclay.Ces solutions sont génériques et peuvent être appliquées sur la plupart des simulateurs existants.Les résultats montrent que la distribution des agents améliore grandement les performances de la simulation macroscopique, tandis que le découpage de l'environnement est plus adapté à la simulation microscopique. Notre algorithme d'équilibrage de charge améliore en outre significativement l'efficacité de la distribution de l'environnemen
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Modèles de distribution pour la simulation de trafic multi-agent
No full textNowadays, analysis and prediction of transport network behavior are crucial elements for the implementation of territorial management policies. Computer simulation of road traffic is a powerful tool for testing management strategies before deploying them in an operational context. Simulation of city-wide traffic requires significant computing power exceeding the capacity of a single computer.This thesis studies the methods to perform large-scale multi-agent traffic simulations. We propose solutions allowing the distribution of such simulations on a large amount of computing cores.One of them distributes the agents directly on the available cores, while the second splits the environment on which the agents evolve. Graph partitioning methods are studied for this purpose, and we propose a partitioning procedure specially adapted to the multi-agent traffic simulation. A dynamic load balancing algorithm is also developed to optimize the performance of the microscopic simulation distribution.The proposed solutions have been tested on a real network representing the Paris-Saclay area.These solutions are generic and can be applied to most existing simulators.The results show that the distribution of the agents greatly improves the performance of the macroscopic simulation, whereas the environment distribution is more suited to microscopic simulation. Our load balancing algorithm also significantly improves the efficiency of the environment based distributionL'analyse et la prévision du comportement des réseaux de transport sont aujourd'hui des éléments cruciaux pour la mise en place de politiques de gestion territoriale. La simulation informatique du trafic routier est un outil puissant permettant de tester des stratégies de gestion avant de les déployer dans un contexte opérationnel. La simulation du trafic à l'échelle d'un ville requiert cependant une puissance de calcul très importante, dépassant les capacité d'un seul ordinateur.Dans cette thèse, nous étudions des méthodes permettant d'effectuer des simulations de trafic multi-agent à large échelle. Nous proposons des solutions permettant de distribuer l'exécution de telles simulations sur un grand nombre de coe urs de calcul. L'une d'elle distribue directement les agents sur les coeurs disponibles, tandis que la seconde découpe l'environnement sur lequel les agents évoluent. Les méthodes de partitionnement de graphes sont étudiées à cet effet, et nous proposons une procédure de partitionnement spécialement adaptée à la simulation de trafic multi-agent. Un algorithme d'équilibrage de charge dynamique est également développé, afin d'optimiser les performances de la distribution de la simulation microscopique.Les solutions proposées ont été éprouvées sur un réseau réel représentant la zone de Paris-Saclay.Ces solutions sont génériques et peuvent être appliquées sur la plupart des simulateurs existants.Les résultats montrent que la distribution des agents améliore grandement les performances de la simulation macroscopique, tandis que le découpage de l'environnement est plus adapté à la simulation microscopique. Notre algorithme d'équilibrage de charge améliore en outre significativement l'efficacité de la distribution de l'environnemen
Distributed models for multi-agent traffic simulation
No full textL'analyse et la prévision du comportement des réseaux de transport sont aujourd'hui des éléments cruciaux pour la mise en place de politiques de gestion territoriale. La simulation informatique du trafic routier est un outil puissant permettant de tester des stratégies de gestion avant de les déployer dans un contexte opérationnel. La simulation du trafic à l'échelle d'un ville requiert cependant une puissance de calcul très importante, dépassant les capacité d'un seul ordinateur.Dans cette thèse, nous étudions des méthodes permettant d'effectuer des simulations de trafic multi-agent à large échelle. Nous proposons des solutions permettant de distribuer l'exécution de telles simulations sur un grand nombre de coe urs de calcul. L'une d'elle distribue directement les agents sur les coeurs disponibles, tandis que la seconde découpe l'environnement sur lequel les agents évoluent. Les méthodes de partitionnement de graphes sont étudiées à cet effet, et nous proposons une procédure de partitionnement spécialement adaptée à la simulation de trafic multi-agent. Un algorithme d'équilibrage de charge dynamique est également développé, afin d'optimiser les performances de la distribution de la simulation microscopique.Les solutions proposées ont été éprouvées sur un réseau réel représentant la zone de Paris-Saclay.Ces solutions sont génériques et peuvent être appliquées sur la plupart des simulateurs existants.Les résultats montrent que la distribution des agents améliore grandement les performances de la simulation macroscopique, tandis que le découpage de l'environnement est plus adapté à la simulation microscopique. Notre algorithme d'équilibrage de charge améliore en outre significativement l'efficacité de la distribution de l'environnementNowadays, analysis and prediction of transport network behavior are crucial elements for the implementation of territorial management policies. Computer simulation of road traffic is a powerful tool for testing management strategies before deploying them in an operational context. Simulation of city-wide traffic requires significant computing power exceeding the capacity of a single computer.This thesis studies the methods to perform large-scale multi-agent traffic simulations. We propose solutions allowing the distribution of such simulations on a large amount of computing cores.One of them distributes the agents directly on the available cores, while the second splits the environment on which the agents evolve. Graph partitioning methods are studied for this purpose, and we propose a partitioning procedure specially adapted to the multi-agent traffic simulation. A dynamic load balancing algorithm is also developed to optimize the performance of the microscopic simulation distribution.The proposed solutions have been tested on a real network representing the Paris-Saclay area.These solutions are generic and can be applied to most existing simulators.The results show that the distribution of the agents greatly improves the performance of the macroscopic simulation, whereas the environment distribution is more suited to microscopic simulation. Our load balancing algorithm also significantly improves the efficiency of the environment based distributio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
