1,720,957 research outputs found
ADOLESCENT PEER RELATIONS: NEW RESEARCH DIRECTIONS FOR CONTEMPORARY YOUTH
Full text linkFor many decades, researchers have emphasized the importance of peer relationships for adolescents’ development and well-being. However, sociocultural changes over the last several decades have reshaped the landscape of modern teens’ experiences, including their interactions with peers. In particular, advancements in technology and the rise of social media use have led to an increased emphasis on appearances and peer status, the emergence of new settings for peer interactions, and more rapid shifts in adolescents’ friendship statuses. In light of these changes, the current studies offer three crucially important new directions for research on contemporary adolescents’ peer relationships. Study 1 examines the potential pitfalls of adolescent peer likeability, focusing on hyperconcern about peer approval as an important, yet understudied risk factor. Findings suggest that both high and low likeability are related to increased risk for a set of on and offline factors that reflect hyperawareness of and concern about one’s social standing. Study 2 demonstrates the protective effects of adolescents’ online-only friendships, an important addition to prior studies focusing on risk related to peer relationships and social media. Results reveal that online-only friendships serve to buffer the association between relational victimization and a significant mental health concern, suicidal ideation. Finally, Study 3 critically evaluates what causes adolescents’ friendships to end or change in closeness. Findings support the relevance of relational (e.g., reciprocity, friendship quality) and individual factors (e.g., depressive symptoms, peer status, gender) to changes in friendship status over time. Each of these studies offers a rare opportunity to examine longitudinal processes in multiple large, diverse adolescent samples, using a rigorous, multi-method approach. Collectively, findings offer novel insights into the role of contemporary contexts in both dyadic peer processes, such as friendships, and group-level peer processes, such as peer status. Results highlight the critical importance of examining both risks and benefits of modern-day changes for peer relations, as well as individual differences across adolescents. Future research in these areas will be essential to improve our understanding of adolescents’ peer experiences, particularly in today’s unique sociocultural climate.Doctor of Philosoph
Discrete Interpersonal Stress Experiences and Prospective Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Across the Pubertal Transition
Full text linkSuicide risk dramatically increases across the pubertal transition. This study examined the relationship between two discrete interpersonal stressors, relational victimization and targeted rejection, and prospective suicide ideation and attempts. The potential moderating effects of pubertal development were also observed. 160 adolescents (ages 12 to 18) at heightened risk for self-injurious behaviors were followed over an eighteen-month interval. Participants completed phone-based assessments of suicidal thoughts and behaviors over the first nine months (Time 1) and the second nine months (Time 2). Independently coded measures of relational victimization and targeted rejection were derived from interviews of life stress at Time 1. Assessments of puberty and demographic information were collected at the beginning of Time 1. Findings from logistic regression analyses indicated that relational victimization at Time 1 was associated with increased odds of suicide attempt but not ideation at Time 2, after accounting for prior suicidality and depressive symptoms. Main and moderating effects of pubertal development were not significant. The current study sheds light on potential discrete interpersonal stress experiences associated with heightened risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors in adolescent females. Evidence-based intervention programs and screening tools that directly target relational victimization are urgently needed.Master of Art
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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