1,720,995 research outputs found
04 - Massamba N\u27Siala Lab - Marine Benthic Ecology, Physiology, and Evolution
No full textMy lab uses marine benthic invertebrates as models to address fundamental eco-evolutionary and applied questions related to marine species\u27 responses to environmental changes. I will showcase some of the marine annelid species we use as models in our investigations. My students and I explore how phenotypic diversification strategies help organisms cope with the uncertainty of extreme climatic events. We assess the mechanisms underlying the success of common, widespread species and the vulnerability of rare, narrowly distributed species. We study the role of species interactions in determining recruitment success, particularly for economically important species like oyster spat in the Chesapeake Bay. Our research also examines filter-feeding mechanisms and behaviors in response to environmental stressors, as well as the impacts of pollution (e.g., metals and microplastics) and healthcare products (e.g., sunscreens) on benthic community health. Finally, we use marine invertebrates as bioassay models to evaluate biofouling control devices. Through my work, I aim to contribute to the understanding of how benthic communities adapt, persist, or potentially decline in the face of global and local changes and the implications for coastal ecosystems
Type 3 Choroidal Neovascularization Associated with Fundus Flavimaculatus
No full textAim: To describe a patient with type 3 choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with fundus flavimaculatus (FFM), who underwent treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab. Methods: A 78-year-old woman diagnosed with FFM presented at our department complaining of decreased vision and metamorphopsia in her left eye. Upon a complete ophthalmologic examination, including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), the patient was diagnosed with type 3 CNV associated with FFM, and was submitted to intravitreal ranibizumab injections at monthly intervals. Results: Six months after 3 monthly injections of ranibizumab, the patient's BCVA improved from 20/64 to 20/32. FA and ICGA revealed a type 3 CNV closure, and the SD-OCT scan showed a fibrous scar replacing the type 3 CNV, with resolution of serous retinal detachment. Conclusion: This case represents the first demonstration of type 3 CNV associated with FFM. Based on our findings, intravitreal ranibizumab may be considered as a therapeutic option for this rare association. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Base
Natural course of adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy: a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography analysis.
No full textAbstract
PURPOSE:
To describe the natural course of adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).
DESIGN:
Retrospective study.
METHODS:
We reviewed the charts of all consecutive patients with adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy who underwent SD-OCT at baseline and at least 12 months later (last visit). Main outcome measures were changes of clinical and SD-OCT features over time.
RESULTS:
Forty-six eyes (31 patients, 15 male and 16 female; mean age 74.6 ± 8.2 years) were included. Follow-up was 16.2 ± 6 (range, 12-30) months. Visual acuity (VA) reduced from 0.32 ± 0.22 logMAR at baseline to 0.39 ± 0.28 logMAR at last visit (P=.03). The stage of the disease was vitelliform in 28 eyes (60.8%), pseudohypopyon in 7 eyes (15.2%), vitelliruptive in 11 eyes (23.9%) at baseline; vitelliform in 23 eyes (50%), pseudohypopyon in 5 eyes (10.9%), vitelliruptive in 13 eyes (28.2%), and atrophic in 5 eyes (10.9%) at last visit. Stabilization of the disease stage, inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) interface status, and lesion reflectivity on SD-OCT determined no VA changes (P>.05), while their worsening determined a reduction of VA (P=.03). In eyes that presented a progression of the disease stage, mean central macular thickness, maximal thickness of the lesion, and maximal width of the lesion showed a significant change (from 404.1 ± 107.6 μm to 246.1 ± 74.0 μm, P = .004; from 277.0 ± 80.8 μm to 105.3 ± 92.3 μm, P=.001; from 2324.2 ± 1250.3 μm to 1751.0 ± 858.3 μm, P = .04, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS:
In adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy, progression of the lesion stage (partial/complete resorption of the material) is generally accompanied by IS/OS interface disruption/loss and visual impairment
Choroidal neovascularisation complicating geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration
No full textObjective To investigate the morphological and functional outcomes after intravitreal ranibizumab injections for choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) complicating geographic atrophy (GA). Design Retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series. Methods We reviewed the charts of all consecutive patients with GA due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), who received intravitreal ranibizumab injections for the development of CNV at least 24 months earlier. Results 21 treatment-naive eyes of 21 consecutive patients (4 men, 17 women, mean age 86.9 +/- 1.6 years) were included. In 95.2% of eyes a type 2 CNV was present, extrafoveal in 42.8% of cases. After a mean of 5.0 +/- 0.87 (range 1-20) intravitreal ranibizumab injections, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly worsened at the 24-month follow-up visit (0.73 +/- 0.05 vs 0.88 +/- 0.08 logMAR, respectively; p=0.01). A significant reduction of intraretinal cystic lesions, subretinal fluid and pigment epithelium detachment (p<0.001) and a significant increase of GA area (p=0.003) were present at last visit. Conclusions Ranibizumab treatment of GA-associated CNVs provides no BCVA improvement at 24 months follow-up despite an anatomic response of CNV. Low effectiveness of ranibizumab in these cases is likely due to GA progression
Choroidal neovascularisation complicating geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration.
No full textAbstract
OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the morphological and functional outcomes after intravitreal ranibizumab injections for choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) complicating geographic atrophy (GA).
DESIGN:
Retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series.
METHODS:
We reviewed the charts of all consecutive patients with GA due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), who received intravitreal ranibizumab injections for the development of CNV at least 24 months earlier.
RESULTS:
21 treatment-naive eyes of 21 consecutive patients (4 men, 17 women, mean age 86.9±1.6 years) were included. In 95.2% of eyes a type 2 CNV was present, extrafoveal in 42.8% of cases. After a mean of 5.0±0.87 (range 1-20) intravitreal ranibizumab injections, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly worsened at the 24-month follow-up visit (0.73±0.05 vs 0.88±0.08 logMAR, respectively; p=0.01). A significant reduction of intraretinal cystic lesions, subretinal fluid and pigment epithelium detachment (p<0.001) and a significant increase of GA area (p=0.003) were present at last visit.
CONCLUSIONS:
Ranibizumab treatment of GA-associated CNVs provides no BCVA improvement at 24 months follow-up despite an anatomic response of CNV. Low effectiveness of ranibizumab in these cases is likely due to GA progression
Natural Course of Adult-Onset Foveomacular Vitelliform Dystrophy: A Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis
No full textPURPOSE: To describe the natural course of adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: We reviewed the charts of all consecutive patients with adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy who underwent SD-OCT at baseline and at least 12 months later (last visit). Main outcome measures were changes of clinical and SD-OCT features over time. RESULTS: Forty-six eyes (31 patients, 15 male and 16 female; mean age 74.6 +/- 8.2 years) were included. Follow-up was 16.2 +/- 6 (range, 12-30) months. Visual acuity (VA) reduced from 0.32 +/- 0.22 logMAR at baseline to 0.39 +/- 0.28 logMAR at last visit (P = .03). The stage of the disease was vitelliform in 28 eyes (60.8%), pseudohypopyon in 7 eyes (15.2%), vitelliruptive in 11 eyes (23.9%) at baseline; vitelliform in 23 eyes (50%), pseudohypopyon in 5 eyes (10.9%), vitelliruptive in 13 eyes (28.2%), and atrophic in 5 eyes (10.9%) at last visit. Stabilization of the disease stage, inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) interface status, and lesion reflectivity on SD-OCT determined no VA changes (P > .05), while their worsening determined a reduction of VA (P = .03). In eyes that presented a progression of the disease stage, mean central macular thickness, maximal thickness of the lesion, and maximal width of the lesion showed a significant change (from 404.1 +/- 107.6 mu m to 246.1 +/- 74.0 mu m, P = .004; from 277.0 +/- 80.8 mu m to 105.3 +/- 92.3 mu m, P = .001; from 2324.2 +/- 1250.3 mu m to 1751.0 +/- 858.3 mu m, P = .04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy, progression of the lesion stage (partial/complete resorption of the material) is generally accompanied by IS/OS interface disruption/loss and visual impairment. (Am J Ophthalmol 2011;152:304-313. (C) 2011 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
En Face OCT And Fibrovascular Pigment Epithelium Detachement In AMD
No full textPurpose:Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) is an imaging technique that has become one of the reference method of examinations for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD).The purpose of this study was to obtain segmentation of SD-OCT according to a frontal scan technique in EDI mode and to analyse neovascularization in fibro-vascular pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in AMD by "en face" SD-OCT.
Methods:Series of 29 patients with subfoveal fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachment (FV-PED) in age-related macular degeneration.Fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT; Spectralis, Heidelberg, Germany) images were analysed.Volume acquisition of 97 EDI sections at 30 μm intervals was obtained, with a summation of 9 images for each retrofoveal scan.The image was superimposed on infrared and SLO ICG images to confirm the neovascularization.
Results:The hyper-reflective course of choroidal neovascularization was visualized within the hyporeflective fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachment by "en face" optical coherence tomography (24/29 cases). In 22 cases, the fluid accumulation was visible behind the choroidal newvessels and the normal choroid vessels became visible ,more deeper only . The pattern of CNV was correlated and confirmed on SLO-ICG pictures for all cases.The 5 other cases presented with associated predominant fibrosis inducing homogenous moderate hyper reflectivity that hidden the neovascular network.
Conclusions:Conventional Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography only provides antero-posterior sections that mainly visualize the exudative reaction of the neovascular network.This new "en face" Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography method of imaging allows analysis of not only the contours and the shape of the detachment but also, and most importantly, visualizes the choroidal neovascular network in fibro-vascular PED.This imaging is obtained by means of an "en face" frontal mode with dynamic analysis, section by section, on standard OCT or SLO-ICG images with point-by-point correspondence.Dynamic segmentation of the macula by "En face" SD OCT allows direct visualisation of choroidal neovascularization within a pigment epithelial detachment and their localization, without dye injection
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