138 research outputs found
Needs of family caregivers of the patients with Alzheimer disease: Analyzing of family caregivers experiences
No full textNeeds of family caregivers of the patients with Alzheimer disease: Analyzing of family caregivers experiences Mohammadi F 1 (PhD), Fallahi khoshknab M 2 (PhD), khanke H3 (PhD) 1. Assistant Professor, Dept of Gerontology & Research Center on Aging, Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University, Tehran, Iran. 2. Assistant Professor, Dept of Nursing, Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University, Tehran, Iran. 3. Assistant Professor, Dept of Nursing, Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University, Tehran, Iran. Abstract Background and aimWith the increasing elder population, providing effective family care is turning to be the most important challenge in health and welfare of elder people. The aim of this study was to explore needs of family caregivers of the patients with Alzheimer disease by analyzing of family caregivers experiences Materials and methodsThis qualitative study was conducted by latent conventional content analysis. 35 family caregivers of elder patients with Alzheimer disease participated in the study. Participants were selected based on purposive sampling. Sources of information included documents of participant's diaries, about their problematic and complicated days of caring. Data were analyzed through reading and rereading documents, determining meaning units, extracting of codes and categorizing of them. Findings Most of participants (80%) were female, with mean age of 56/2 and literate (under diploma level). The findings generated 794 initial codes, which were grouped in 7 categories of: need to knowledge, receiving help from other family members in caring, modification of the home environment, self caring of caregivers, need "to be visible", compatible and complimentary health care system and caring equipments. ConclusionRegarding to Global expansion of Alzheimer disease, considering the family care giving issue of elders with Alzheimer disease is essential. Therefore, providing suitable information, establishing education for caregivers related to disease and patient care management, management of caregivers’ health, psych–social support and establishing of appropriate complimentary health care system for elderly patients should be considered. These strategies would facilitate the family care giving and support the caregivers on their journey. Keywords: Elderly, Alzheimer, Need, Family caregiver *Corresponding Author: Farahnaz Mohammadi, Assistant Professor at Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University, Department of gerontology & Research center on Aging. E-mail: [email protected]
Physical violence against health care workers: A nationwide study from Iran
No full textBackground: Workplace violence is a serious and problematic phenomenon in health care settings. Research shows that health care workers are at the highest risk of such violence. The aim of this study was to address the frequency of physical violence against Iranian health personnel, their response to such violence, as well as the contributing factors to physical violence.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011, in which 6500 out of 57,000 health personnel working in some teaching hospitals were selected using multi-stage random sampling. Data were collected using the questionnaire of “Workplace Violence in the Health Sector” developed by the International Labor Organization, the International Council of Nurses, the World Health Organization, and the Public Services International.
Results: The findings revealed that 23.5% of the participants were exposed to physical violence in the 12 months prior to the study. Nurses were the main victims of physical violence (78%) and patients' families were the main perpetrators of violence (56%). The most common reaction of victims to physical violence was asking the aggressor to stop violence (45%). Lack of people's knowledge of employees' tasks was the most common contributing factor to physical violence (49.2%).
Conclusions: Based on the results, legislating appropriate laws in order to prevent and control violence in the workplace is necessary. Moreover, developing educational programs to manage the incidence of physical violence should be on health centers' agenda
Effect of Recreational Activities in Schizophrenic Patients Rehabilitation in Promoting Social Skills
No full textObjective: one of group interventions in rehabilitation of schizophrenic patients is recreational activities intervention, in this type of rehabilitation therapist participates patients in recreational activities and hobbies, which promotes activity of daily livings and social skills. Our purpose of this study was investigating the effectiveness of recreational interventions in schizophrenics’ social skills.
Materials & Methods: in a before and after interventional study, 45 schizophrenic patients selected and assessed with Activity of Daily Living Skills Scale before intervention. Intervention was a recreational trip to MESHAD for ten days all of patients participate and work to prepare trip properties. They live, participate and work for 10 days together. Then after intervention again patients reassessed with Daily Living Skills Scale, and mean of before and after scores compared with paired T test.
Results: Results showed means of score increase from 116.87 to 135.49, comparing mean of before and after means with paired T test was significant.
Conclusion: recreational interventions can promote social skills in schizophrenic patients
Spiritual Coping against the Desire of Re-using Drug
Get PDFIntroduction: Through recognizing spiritual coping strategies against the desire of re-using drug among ex-addicts, their empowerment in facing the desire of re-using drugs can be improved. This study aimed to explore some spiritual coping methods against the desire of re-using drug among ex-addicts.
Method: This study was done based on the qualitative method and contract content analysis. The participants were 18 ex-addicted men selected through a targeted sampling method, which were in different periods of drug withdrawal. Data collection was done through semi-structural interviews; and the data were analyzed using the method of Graneheim and Lundman.
Results: The theme of spiritual-bases coping with three main categories of "spiritual beliefs", "supportive-based resources", and "spiritual evolutions" was specified as spiritual coping strategy against the desire of re-using drug.
Conclusion: Considering the efficacy of spiritual coping against the desire of re-using drug among ex-addicts, it is necessary for social workers to strengthen spirituality and spiritual beliefs in these patients as an impediment tool to improve their supporting programs.
Keywords: Spirituality, Coping, Addiction, Drug abuse
تبعیض در ارائه مراقبتهای درمانی: یك مطالعه كیفی تحلیل محتوا
No full textBackground and Aim: Discrimination in healthcare is one of the important challenges of health system managers in different countries so; discrimination is the main outcome of a lack of justice in health. Therefore, the whole exploring the discrimination in healthcare and determining effective policies is essential. This study was conducted to explore the experiences of health care providers of discrimination in healthcare.
Materials and Methods: This qualitative content analysis study was conducted between 2019 and 2020. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 16 participants include healthcare in one general and one private hospital in the city of Tehran. The participants were selected by purposive sampling, which continued until saturation of data. Data obtained were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman's method.
Findings: After analyzing the data, three main categories and seven sub-categories emerged: 1. Organizational coercion (organizational procedures, Lack of manpower); 2. Moral negligence (Lack of attention to human values, Lack of knowledge of the principles of medical ethics); 3. Positive discrimination (Provide some facilities for the patient, Perform some additional services for the patient and Work history.)
Ethical Considerations: The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tehran Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University with the code of ethics: IR.USWR.REC.1398.023.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, senior managers of the health system can review the organizational process of health care delivery and focus on increasing the level of awareness of health care providers such as physicians and nurses about the principles of medical ethics. Also, it is recommended that managers consider meritocracy policies as one of their decision criteria.
Cite this article as: Hosseinabadi-Farahani MJ, Fallahi-Khoshknab M, Arsalani N, Hosseini MA, Mohammadi E. Discrimination in Healthcare: A Qualitative Content Analysis Study. Faṣlnāmah-i akhlāq-i pizishkī i.e., Quarterly Journal of Medical Ethics. 2020; 14(45): e24.زمینه و هدف: تبعیض در مراقبت سلامت یكی از چالشهای اصلی پیش روی مدیران نظام سلامت در كشورهای مختلف دنیا است و به عنوان پیامد اصلی بیعدالتی در خدمات سلامت میباشد. از این رو شناخت کامل پدیده تبعیض در مراقبت سلامت و تعیین سیاستهای مقابله با آن ضروری است. این مطالعه با هدف شناسایی تجربیات ارائهدهندگان مراقبتهای درمانی از تبعیض در مراقبت سلامت انجام گردید.
مواد و روشها: این مطالعه کیفی با رویکرد تحلیل محتوا از سال ۱۳۹۸ الی ۱۳۹۹ انجام گردید. دادهها از طریق مصاحبههای نیمه ساختارمند با ۱۶ شرکتکننده در دو بیمارستان دولتی و خصوصی در شهر تهران گردآوری شد. مشارکتکنندگان با روش نمونهگیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند و نمونه گیری تا اشباع دادهها ادامه داشت. دادههای به دستآمده با روش Graneheim و Lundman مورد تجزیه تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
یافتهها: پس از تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها، سه طبقه اصلی و هفت زیرطبقه فرعی پدیدار گردید. طبقه ۱ـ اجبار سازمانی (رویههای سازمانی،كمبود نیروی انسانی)؛ طبقه ۲ـ مغفولیت اخلاقی (كمتوجهی به کرامت انسانی و کمبود آگاهی از اصول اخلاق پزشکی)؛ طبقه 3ـ تبعیض مثبت (در اختیارگذاشتن برخی امکانات برای بیمار، انجامدادن برخی خدمات اضافی برای بیمار، سابقه کار کارکنان).
ملاحظات اخلاقی: این مقاله بخشی از رساله دکتری تخصصی پرستاری و دارای كد اخلاق IR.USWR.REC.1398.023 میباشد.
نتیجهگیری: بر اساس یافتههای مطالعه، مدیران ارشد نظام سلامت میتوانند رویههای سازمانی ارائه مراقبت سلامت را مورد بازنگری قرار داده و همچنین بر روی افزایش سطح آگاهی ارائهدهندگان مراقبت سلامت همچون پزشكان و پرستاران درباره اصول اخلاق پزشكی تمركز نمایند. علاوه بر این توصیه میشود، مدیران سیاستهای ارائه مراقبتهای درمانی را بر اساس نیازهای مراقبتی بیماران تبیین و نظارت لازم بر اجرای این سیاستها را مورد توجه قرار دهند
The Iranian Psychiatric Nurses' perception of transition in psychiatric wards: A qualitative study
No full textBackground: Transition means moving from one period to another and it is usually associated with significant changes in objectives, roles, and responsibilities. Considering the challenges of the psychiatric ward, psychiatric nurses experience numerous problems, especially at the early stages of their job engagement. This study aimed to examine the perception of the Iranian psychiatric nurses in psychiatric wards and their transition period. Materials and Methods: The study was designed as a qualitative content analysis study in three referral hospitals in Mazandaran and Tehran, Iran 2016. Participants included 18 nurses who had experienced transition at the psychiatric ward and had at least 3 months job experience in three referral hospitals of Iran and were selected purposefully. Data were collected using unstructured interviews and analyzed using the inductive approach and conventional content analysis. To ensure the trustworthiness of the data, Guba and Lincoln's criteria were used. Results: The major themes of transition among the nurses of psychiatric wards included “inadequate preparation,” “mental stress,” “self-awareness and capabilities,” and “the effective role of nurses' full support in adjustment.” Conclusions: The findings revealed that nurses did not have a decent transition. In this regard, educational systems must provide training courses to prepare nurses to support them in their arrival stage and to facilitate their transition. The findings of this study can help mentally prepare nurses for their preparation to perform their role and improve the quality of care
Comparative Comparison of the Curriculum of the Master\'s Degree in Emergency Nursing in Iran and Monash University in Australia
No full textIntroduction: Training emergency nurses plays a significant role in caring for critically ill patients. The comparison of emergency nursing curricula in Iran with those in prestigious universities is one of the ways to determine the strengths and weaknesses of each curriculum. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the Master's degree curriculum in emergency nursing in Iran and Monash University in Australia.
Methods: The current study is a comparative review that was conducted in 2024. First, Monash University was selected as a top-ranked institution based on the Quacquarelli Symonds rankings of nursing schools worldwide. Afterward, the required information was collected from the Monash University website, the Master of Emergency Nursing program, the curriculum file, and field information. The collected data were compared using the Bereday model, which includes 4 stages: description, interpretation, juxtaposition, and comparison.
Results: The Master's program in emergency nursing in Iran and Monash University of Australia showed many similarities in content, general structure, and the role of graduates. However, there were some differences in the procedure of accepting students and educational units, philosophy, mission, and vision. One of the strengths of Iran's curriculum was the presence of general courses, whereas Monash University stood out for the prerequisite of English language proficiency for admission. There were no work experience requirements in either curriculum; nevertheless, a valid bachelor's degree was required. At Monash, there have been significant improvements by using new teaching techniques, such as simulation training. However, regular updates and reviews of the curriculum in Iran remain necessary.
Conclusion: The present study can be one of the appropriate guides for policymakers in the field of nursing education in order to improve the quality and development of nurses' skills. It is recommended that policymakers incorporate new and important courses into the curriculum to promote clinical nursing skills
Responsible and Resourceful Coping: A Grounded Theory Study of Nurses’ Transition to Psychiatric Wards
No full textOccupational Therapist\'s Experience and Viewpoints about Occupational Therapy
No full textObjective: Improvement in job is directly related to recognition of the experience and viewpoints of those working in the field. This research was designed to find out the job, educational and clinical experience of the occupational therapists.
Materials & Methods: This study is a qualitative research using content analysis. Data collection was done via in-depth semi -structured interviews with 15 occupational therapists working in the rehabilitation clinics in Tehran in 2009. To analyze the data, content analysis and inductive analysis were used...
Results: First, we obtained 170 key codes from data analysis .These key codes were categorized into 5 themes including ”community's attitude toward occupational therapy’s”, ”job dissatisfaction”, “a new and creative sight into occupational therapy”, “occupational therapy inappropriate educational system” and “the nature of the occupational therapy”. The themes obtained from the occupational therapists’ experience showed that how the other members of rehabilitation team, patients and patients’ family look at occupational therapy and can directly affect the occupational therapists’ job satisfaction, positive experience and sense of worth.
Conclusion: Experience of occupational therapists in their job is directly related to their patients ‘and coworkers’ ideas about their sense of worth this view passes to the occupational therapist directly and indirectly. It can affect the occupational therapists’ attitudes, satisfaction and job experience. Instructors and mentors of occupational therapy students can contribute to positive experience and satisfaction of the students from occupational therapy
Family: The Main Shelter of Depression Patients
No full textObjective: Depression is the most common mood disorder. Today, family has main responsibility in caring of psychiatric patients. For ensuring best care for depressed patients, families require social and health systems supports. The aim of this study was to explain the experiences of the families about function of these supportive sources.
Materials & Methods: This is a qualitative research carried out using conventional content analysis method. Twenty-four family members of the patients suffering from depression and referred to Razi psychiatric clinic in Tehran were selected using purposeful sampling. Unstructured and in-depth interviews were applied to collect data. The interviews were transcribed and constant comparison analysis was applied. MaxQDA 2007 software was used to manage the data.
Results: According to the family experiences, social and health support resources are not comprehensive and efficient. The performances of the supporting sources have been extracted in four themes. These themes include: “incorrect viewpoints of the society”, “inadequate support”, "ineffective health system”, “economic–cognitive deficiency of the families” that they were the main themes.
Conclusion: During the process of depressed patient care, families find themselves alone. They need to access to have easy comprehensive support systems. In addition, health team must implement the follow up programs regularly and dynamically
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