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    The case of the pseudoscalar glueball

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    Glueballs represent a key requirement of quantum chromodynamics as a non-Abelian field theory. Their search provides one of the strongest motivations for meson spectroscopy. The first glueball candidate was identified in 1980 in the J/Psi radiative decay. Its discovery actually dates back to 1963 and for four decades about 30 experiments, using six different production mechanisms, were dedicated to studying the pseudoscalar states lying in the 1.4-1.5 GeV/c(2) mass region. Today, the presence of two pseudoscalar states and an axial vector can be considered as established (see 2004 edition of the Review of Particle Properties). Assuming that.(1295) is established and the nonet filled, the lower mass pseudoscalar,.(1405), becomes a supernumerary and shows the properties of a non-(q) over barq state. Here, we review the experimental effort related to this long search, which can be considered a sort of paradigm for light-quark spectroscopy

    Spectral properties of iron-deficient corn and sunflower leaves

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    Plant response to iron deficiency has been extensively studied, but little is known concerning the effects of iron deficiency-induced modifications in leaf spectral properties. Spectral changes in corn and sunflower plants grown in nutrient solutions containing five iron rates from mg L-1 0 to 4 mg L-1 were therefore investigated. In both corn and sunflower, iron deficiency decreased leaf dry weight, area, iron concentration, chlorophyll a and b concentrations, and absorptance, increased reflectance and transmittance, and shifted the red edge position of reflectance curves towards shorter wavelengths. Leaf iron concentration was well correlated with leaf chlorophyll a (r= 0.92) and b (r=0.93) concentrations across crop species. Reflectance was a nonlinear inverse function, and absorptance was a nonlinear increasing function of leaf iron concentration and leaf chlorophyll a concentration. Corn was more sensitive to iron deficiency than sunflower and corn required higher iron concentration than sunflower for optimal growth

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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