6 research outputs found
Analisis Kesantunan Berbahasa Berbasis Gender dalam Komunikasi Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Muslim Santitham Foundation School Thailand
No full textGender-Based Language Politeness in Indonesian Language Learning Communication is very important to do because it can help understand how gender differences affect the use of language and politeness in learning communication. In addition, it can increase the effectiveness of Indonesian language learning and reduce gender gaps in education. The descriptive qualitative research aims to explain the existence of the principle of politeness of students language to teachers based on gender in Indonesian language learning communication in class X of Islamic Santitham Foundation School. Direct observation and recording are data collection techniques and data analysis starting form recording and direct observation for three months with an analysis structure, namely, identifying data, classifying data, clarifying data and conclusions. The results of the study stated that male students to female teachers are more often obedient in language than to male teachers. Likewise, female students are more often obedient in language to female teachers than to male teachers. The communication of impoliteness to male teachers using ordinary communication. Both findings are also influenced by the factor of separation or distance between men and women in the scope of Islamic Santitham Foundation School
Enzymatic Saccharification of Rice Straw under Influence of Recycled Ionic Liquid Pretreatments
No full textAbstractLignocellulosic biomass is one of a promising challenge for biorefinery processing with competitive costs to produce value added products, including biofuels and chemicals. We reported here that efficient ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]), pretreatments of rice straw can be achieved with 71.83min of duration time, 128.4 oC of reaction temperature, and 5% w/w loading mass ratio. Enzymatic saccharification of IL- pretreated rice straw is significantly increased when compared to untreated ones, which yield glucose product about 90% yield. Additionally, we also report that using different types of anti-solvents, including methanol, water, and acetone, has different capability of cellulose recovery in regeneration step. The recyclability of [C2mim][OAc] using methanol as an anti-solvent is shown to retain more than 90% efficiency for 5 times without any modification in pretreatment process
Production of Ionic Liquid-tolerant Cellulase Produced by Microbial Consortium and its Application in Biofuel Production
No full textAbstractTo produce biofuels and specialty chemicals via biorefining process, conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to sugars requires both efficient pretreatment and hydrolysis enzymes. Ionic liquids (ILs) are effective solvent for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment, however the adverse effect of IL to cellulase has been demonstrated. Here, a lignocellulose degrading microbial consortium was newly bred from saline soil in rice paddle field in Thailand by successive subcultivations. To study the IL-tolerant property, activities of partially purified cellulase produced from CT-1 were evaluated in the present of an IL, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]). At 1M of [C2mim][OAc], the cellulase activity was remained more than 85.09% of non-IL condition. For application in biogas production, the rice straw residues mixing with activated sludge wastewater prior to anaerobic digestion was investigated by using this CT-1 consortium as inoculums in batch bioreactors. The experimental results showed that the maximum biogas yield (170.92mL/g-VS) was obtained. These properties demonstrated that this microbial consortium is potential to be applied for lignocellulose conversion to fuel and other industrial chemicals
Significant loss of retinal nerve fibre layer and contrast sensitivity in people with well controlled HIV disease: implications for aging with HIV
No full textOBJECTIVE: Antiretroviral therapy has decreased the prevalence of retinal opportunistic infections in people living with HIV (PLWH). However, abnormalities in visual function are evident and may be associated with an early onset of aging in PLWH. In this study, we examined the Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (RNFL) thickness and visual function in PLWH and HIV non-infected controls in Malaysia. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Two hundred and two (202) PLWH without retinal opportunistic infection and 182 age-matched, HIV seronegative individuals were enrolled. PLWH were recruited from the Infectious Disease clinic at the University Malaya Medical Centre. Controls were recruited among the hospital staff and community volunteers. RNFL thickness was measured with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT). Visual functions include visual acuity using LogMAR chart and contrast sensitivity using Pelli- Robson Chart. RESULTS: All PLWH (mean age 46.1 years +/- 9.9 years) in the study were on ART and 61.2% had a CD4+ T-cell count more than 500 cell/mul. The mean visual acuity was similar between the two groups (LogMAR 0.05 vs. 0.07, p = 0.115). Contrast sensitivity was lower in PLWH compared to HIV seronegative individuals (1.90 vs 1.93, p = 0.032). RNFL thickness was significantly thinner in the temporal quadrant for PLWH compared to controls (68.89 mum vs 74.08 mum, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Changes in RNFL thickness and contrast sensitivity were seen in PLWH despite their relatively young age and well controlled HIV disease. The changes reflect structural and functional deficits, and could have long-term implications on their health trajectory.The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by the High Impact Research Grants (HIR/MOHE; H-20001-E000001, UM.0000099/HIR.C3). MN was funded by the National Institutes of Health, Fogarty International Center (NIH, FIC) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) (award number D43TW010540)
Perceived technology usefulness for caregiving among unpaid caregivers: a National Cross-Sectional Study
No full textBACKGROUND: Technological advancements have the potential to improve caregiving quality and alleviate caregiver burden by providing tools for real-time communication, monitoring, and care coordination. To assist with technology adoption among the 53 million unpaid caregivers nationwide, efforts are needed to better understand caregivers' perceptions about the usefulness of certain technologies for caregiving. METHODS: Data were analyzed from a national sample of 483 unpaid caregivers using an internet-delivered questionnaire. All unpaid caregivers were eligible if they provided at least 8 h of weekly care for a care recipient aged 50 years or older. The primary dependent variable was the Perceived Technology Usefulness for Caregiving (PTUC) Scale, which is a composite score of six items ranging from 0 to 100. PTUC item responses were summed and averaged, and the overall PTUC scores were transformed into statistical tertiles (higher scores indicating more perceived technology usefulness for caregiving). An ordinal regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with higher PTUC tertiles. RESULTS: Across tertiles, unpaid caregivers who were younger (Beta = -0.018, p = 0.030) and male (Beta = 0.422, p = 0.048) reported higher PTUC Scale scores. Compared to non-Hispanic white caregivers, Hispanic/Latino (Beta = 0.779, p = 0.010), African American (Beta = 1.064, p < 0.001), and Asian (Beta = 0.958, p = 0.010) caregivers reported higher PTUC Scale scores. Unpaid caregivers with lower financial insecurity (Beta = -0.010, p = 0.003), higher caregiver strain (Beta = 0.149, p < 0.001), and more satisfaction with the support they receive for caregiving (Beta = 0.009, p = 0.002) reported higher PTUC Scale scores. Unpaid caregivers whose care recipients had less cognitive impairment reported higher PTUC Scale scores (Beta = -0.245, p = 0.048). CONCLUSION: Findings indicate caregiver characteristics, caregiving dynamics, and available resources (financial and caregiving support) are associated with perceptions about the usefulness of technology for caregiving. The utility of technology for caregiving may be higher among unpaid caregivers with more caregiver strain or positive experiences with caregiving support.The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research and/or publication of this article. Rahemi was supported by Clemson University/Institute for Engaged Aging and the South Carolina Alzheimer's Disease Research Center's (ADRC) SPARK Grant Program, NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA) K01AG081485 and the Alzheimer's Association (grant number: 24AARG-D-1242910)
Offspring's Leukocyte Telomere Length, Paternal Age, and Telomere Elongation in Sperm
No full textLeukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a complex genetic trait. It shortens with age and is associated with a host of aging-related disorders. Recent studies have observed that offspring of older fathers have longer LTLs. We explored the relation between paternal age and offspring's LTLs in 4 different cohorts. Moreover, we examined the potential cause of the paternal age on offspring's LTL by delineating telomere parameters in sperm donors. We measured LTL by Southern blots in Caucasian men and women (n=3365), aged 18–94 years, from the Offspring of the Framingham Heart Study (Framingham Offspring), the NHLBI Family Heart Study (NHLBI-Heart), the Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins (Danish Twins), and the UK Adult Twin Registry (UK Twins). Using Southern blots, Q-FISH, and flow-FISH, we also measured telomere parameters in sperm from 46 young (>30 years) and older (<50 years) donors. Paternal age had an independent effect, expressed by a longer LTL in males of the Framingham Offspring and Danish Twins, males and females of the NHLBI-Heart, and females of UK Twins. For every additional year of paternal age, LTL in offspring increased at a magnitude ranging from half to more than twice of the annual attrition in LTL with age. Moreover, sperm telomere length analyses were compatible with the emergence in older men of a subset of sperm with elongated telomeres. Paternal age exerts a considerable effect on the offspring's LTL, a phenomenon which might relate to telomere elongation in sperm from older men. The implications of this effect deserve detailed study. Author Summary. Leukocyte telomere length becomes shorter with age and is apparently a biomarker of aging and a forecaster of longevity in humans. Leukocyte telomere length is heritable, longer in women than in men, and is relatively shorter in persons who suffer from aging-related diseases, cardiovascular diseases in particular. This study found in four different populations that leukocyte telomere length in adult offspring was positively correlated with paternal age at the time of birth of the offspring. Analysis of telomeres in sperm of young (>30 years) and older (<50 years) donors revealed the emergence in the older donors of a subset of sperm with elongated telomeres. The mechanisms behind this enigmatic, age-dependent elongation in telomere length of sperm are unknown but may relate to epigenetic factors or the survival of a subset of germ-line stem cells, resilient against aging. It is also unknown how older fathers endow their offspring with longer telomeres in their leukocytes. The potential impact of paternal age on leukocyte telomere length and, conceivably, aging-related diseases and longevity in the offspring is of relevance because offspring of older fathers comprise an increasing proportion of society.National Institues of Health (R01 -AG021593, R01-AG020132, P01-AG0876, NOHC25195); National Heart Lung and Blood Institutue cooperative agreement (U01 HL 67893, U01 HL67894, U01 HL67895, U01 HL67896,U01 HL67897, U01 HL67898, U01 HL67899, U01 HL67900, U01 HL67901, U01 HL67902, U01 HL56563, U01 HL56564, U01 HL56565, U01 HL56566, U01 HL56567, U01 HL56568, U01 HL56569); Wellcome Trust (074951
