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Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara Tentang Penyakit Glaukoma Primer
No full textBackground of study, Glaucoma is the second eye disorder both in the world and in Indonesia, which could cause blindness. Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that symptomize by optic neuropathy accompanied by the narrowing of optical range and the increasing of intraocular pressure as the major risk factor. Primary Glaucoma is one of the Glaucoma which commonly occurred in Indonesia. The percentage of Glaucoma disease sufferers increased more and more annually. The basis of this research is to have knowledge about the medical students’ comprehension extents in the north of Sumatera within the academic years of 2018 and 2019 regarding the primary glaucoma disease. Method, this research is done with the cross-sectional study procedure. As a result, the university of northern Sumatera's medical students’ knowledge about the primary glaucoma disease is classified as the sufficient group that is 36 people (42,9%), whereas the fine group that is 18 people (21,4%) and the deficient as many as 21 people (35,7%). The result of the students’ understanding based on the 2018’s medical students’ comprehension of the university of northern Sumatera, are categorized as the sufficient group that is 16 people (19%), while 2019’s is in a deficient group, to be specific there are 36 people (42,8%). To sum, the university of northern Sumatera's medical students’ understanding about primary glaucoma disease is at the rate of the deficient group that is 50 people (59,5%), while the fine group has 13 people (15,5%) and the sufficient group has obtained 21 people (25%). And based on 2018’s medical students’ knowledge in the university of northern Sumatera, the 2018’s is grouped as the sufficient group which has 16 people (19%), and at the same time, the 2019’s is sorted as the deficient group which has 36 people (42,8%).Latar belakang. Glaukoma adalah penyakit mata kedua baik di dunia maupun di Indonesia yang menyebabkan kebutaan. Glaukoma merupakan sekumpulan penyakit mata yang ditandai dengan optic neuropati disertai penyempitan lapangan pandang dan peningkatan tekanan intraokuli sebagai faktor risiko utama. Glaukoma primer adalah salah satu glaukoma yang paling sering terjadi di Indonesia. Setiap tahunya persetase pengidap penyakit glaukoma semakin meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa/i Fakultas Kedokteran Sumatera Utara stanbuk 2018 dan 2019 mengenai penyakit glaukoma primer. Metode, Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode studi cross sectional. Hasil, Pengetahuan mahasiswa/i fakultas kedokteran universitas Sumatra utara tentang penyakit glaukoma primer berada dalam kelompok cukup yaitu 36 orang (42,9%), sedangkan kelompok baik sebanyak 18 orang (21,4%) dan kurang sebanyak 30 orang (35,7%). Hasil tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa/i Berdasarkan Angkatan pengetahuan mahasiswa/i fakultas kedokteran universitas Sumatra utara, Angkatan 2018 berada dalam kelompok cukup yaitu sebanyak 15 orang (17,9%), sedangkan Angkatan 2019 berada dalam kelompok cukup yaitu sebanyak 21 orang (25%). Kesimpulan, Pengetahuan mahasiswa/i fakultas kedokteran universitas Sumatra utara tentang penyakit glaukoma primer berada dalam kelompok cukup yaitu 36 orang (42,9%), sedangkan kelompok baik sebanyak 18 orang (21,4%) dan kurang sebanyak 30 orang (35,7%) dan Berdasarkan Angkatan pengetahuan mahasiswa/i fakultas kedokteran universitas Sumatra utara, Angkatan 2018 berada dalam kelompok cukup yaitu sebanyak 15 orang (17,9%), sedangkan Angkatan 2019 berada dalam kelompok kurang yaitu sebanyak 21 orang (25%).66 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Hubungan Usia, Stadium Katarak, dan Komorbiditas Okuler terhadap Tajam Penglihatan Pasca Fakoemulsifikasi pada Pasien Katarak Senilis di Rumah Sakit Mata Medan Baru
Full text linkIntroduction: Cataracts are the main cause of blindness in the world, WHO estimates that in 2019, 65.2 million people experienced vision problems due to cataracts. The cataract surgery technique that frequently used today is phacoemulsification. Visual acuity is one of the parameters for monitoring surgical results. Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between age, cataract stage, and ocular comorbidities on visual acuity after phacoemulsification at the Medan Baru Eye Hospital. Methods: Senile cataract patients aged ≥50 years who underwent phacoemulsification from August to September 2023 were included in this prospective cohort study. A total of 100 samples were taken using quota sampling technique. Postoperative visual acuity was grouped based on WHO criteria into good (6/6 – 6/18), moderate (<6/18 – 6/60), and poor (<6/60). Visual acuity was measured on the first day, 7th day and 30th day after surgery. Results: Bivariate analysis using Chi Square showed that there was a relationship between age and visual acuity after phacoemulsification (p = 0.03), cataract stage with visual acuity after phacoemulsification (p = 0.02), and ocular comorbidities with visual acuity after phacoemulsification (p = <0.001). Conclusion: There is a relationship between age, cataract stage, and ocular comorbidities on visual acuity after phacoemulsification at the Medan Baru Eye Hospital.85 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Evaluasi Tajam Penglihatan Warna pada Penderita Suspek Glaukoma
No full textPendahuluan : Defisiensi persepsi penglihatan warna merupakan suatu
ketidakmampuan untuk mendiskriminasikan perbedaan warna oleh panjang
gelombang. Penglihatan warna pada individu yang normal adalah trichromate,
dimana kondisi mata mampu membedakan tiga kanal warna yang berbeda.
Seseorang dengan penglihatan warna yang normal memiliki 3 jenis sel khusus
dikenal sebagai sel kerucut di retina untuk melihat warna merah, hijau, dan biru.
Defisiensi penglihatan warna merupakan gangguan penglihatan yang dibagi
menjadi kongenital dan didapat. Pada defisiensi penglihatan kongenital terjadi
bilateral dan didapatkan sejak lahir, sedangkan pada kondisi defisiensi penglihatan
warna yang didapat terjadi pada satu mata (unilateral) dan bersifat sementara.
Defisiensi penglihatan warna yang didapat dapat terjadi karena penyakit mata,
kelainan neurologik atau toksisitas obat.
Tujuan : Untuk menilai tajam penglihatan warna pada penderita suspek
glaukoma
Metode : Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional dengan metode
pengumpulan data secara cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien dengan
diagnosa suspek glaukoma dan pasien Primary Open Angle Glaucoma di
Poliklinik Ilmu Kesehatan Mata Divisi Glaukoma di RS Universitas Sumatera
Utara dan RS Jejaring yang datang dari bulan Januari 2019 sampai dengan Maret
2019 sebanyak 39 orang (75 mata)
Hasil: Dijumpai tidak adanya hubungan secara statistik antara suspek glaukoma
dan tajam penglihatan warna (p=0,058), dan tidak ada hubungan antara perubahan
RNFL dengan terjadinya gangguan persepsi warna pada penderita suspek
glaukoma (p=0,344)
Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan antara gangguan tajam penglihatan warna
dan tingkat keparahan gangguan penglihatan warna dengan suspek glaukoma,
serta ketebalan Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer dengan gangguan penglihatan warna
pada penderita suspek glaukoma.Introduction: Color vision deficiency is an inability to discriminate color
differences by wavelengths. Color vision in normal individuals is trichromate, the
eyes can distinguish three different color channels. A person with normal color
vision has 3 special cell types known as cone cells in the retina to see red, green,
and blue. Color vision deficiency is a visual impairment that can be divided into
congenital and acquired. Congenital color vision deficiency occurs bilaterally and
present at birth, whereas acquired color vision deficiency occurs unilateral and
even transient. The acquired color vision deficiency can occur due to eye disease,
neurological abnormalities or drug toxicity.
Objective: To assess color vision deficiecy in patients with suspect glaucoma.
Method: This study was an observational analytic with a cross-sectional method.
This study was performed on patients with suspect glaucoma and primary open
angle glaucoma at the University of North Sumatra Hospital who came from
January 2019 to March 2019 on 75 eyes of 39 patients.
Results: There were no statistically significant correlation between suspect
glaucoma and color vision (p = 0.058), and there were no correlation between
changes in RNFL and the occurrence of color perception in patients with suspect
glaucoma (p = 0.344).
Conclusion: There were no correlation between acquired color vision deficiency
and the severity of color vision deficiency in suspect glaucoma, and Retinal Nerve
Fiber Layer thickness with color vision impairment in patients with suspect
glaucoma.97 HalamanTesis Magiste
Evaluasi Rasio Neutrofil-Limfosit, Monosit-Limfosit dan Trombosit-Limfosit sebagai Faktor Prediktor Pada Retinopati Diabetik
No full textBackground: Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Inflammation is widely thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are biomarkers of the inflammatory response.
Aim: To determine the evaluation results of NLR, MLR and PLR as predictor factors in diabetic retinopathy at the University of North Sumatra Hospital and Medan Baru Eye Hospital.
Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a case control design. A total of 26 diabetic retinopathy subjects as cases and 26 people without diabetic retinopathy as controls. Examination of NLR, MLR and PLR with routine blood examination..
Results: Mean values of NLR and PLR were higher in case group compared to controls (2.54 (1.66) and 131.62 (78.87)) but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.224 and p = 0.855 ). Mean values MLR was lower in case group compared to controls 0,25 (p=0.09). There were significant differences in visual acuity (LogMAR) and random blood sugar levels (p <0.001). RNL cannot be used as a predictor of retinopathy in DM patients (p = 0.224 (95% IC = 0.440-0.757).
Conclusion: There is a significant difference between visual acuity and blood sugar levels at any time between diabetic retinopathy and non-diabetic retinopathy. NLR, MLR and PLR cannot predict diabetic retinopathy.Latar Belakang: Retinopati diabetik adalah komplikasi mikrovaskuler dari diabetes melitus tipe 2. Inflamasi secara luas diduga memainkan peran penting pada patogenesis retinopati diabetik. Rasio neutrofil-limfosit (RNL), rasio monosit-limfosit (RML), dan rasio trombosit-limfosit (RTL) merupakan suatu biomarker dari respons inflamasi.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hasil evaluasi RNL, RML dan RTL sebagai faktor prediktor pada retinopati diabetik di RS Universitas Sumatera Utara dan RS Khusus Mata Medan Baru.
Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional dengan desain case control. Sebanyak 26 subjek retinopati diabetik sebagai kasus dan 26 orang tanpa retinopati diabetik sebagai kontrol. Pemeriksaan RNL, RML dan RTL dengan pengambilan darah rutin.
Hasil: Nilai RNL dan RTL memiliki rerata yang lebih tinggi pada kelompok kasus dibandingkan dengan kontrol 2,54 (SD=1,66) dan 131,62 (SD=78,87) namun secara statistik perbedaan tidak signifikan (p=0,224 dan p=0,855). Nilai RML memiliki rerata yang lebih rendah pada kelompok kasus dibanding kontrol 0,25 (SD=0.09) p=0,963. Dijumpai perbedaan yang signifikan pada karakteristik visus dan kadar gula darah sewaktu (p<0,001). RNL tidak dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor terjadinya retinopati pada penderita DM (p=0,224 (95%IC= 0,440-0,757).
Kesimpulan: Dijumpai perbedaan yang signifikan pada karakteristik visus dan kadar gula darah sewaktu antara retinopati diabetik dan non retinopati diabetik. RNL, RML dan RTL tidak dapat memprediksi terjadinya suatu retinopati diabetik.120 HalamanTesis Magiste
Perubahan Kamera Okuli Anterior dan Tekanan Intraokuli Sesudah Operasi Fakoemulsifikasi Katarak Senilis
No full textPurpose : To evaluate anterior chamber depth (ACD) and Intraocular pressure
(IOP) alternation after phacoemulsification.
Patients and Methods : A quasi-experimental study with one group pre and post
design were analysed. We analysed 41 eye who underwent cataract
phacoemulsification surgery at Medan Baru Eye Hospital. The ACD and IOP
were assesed before and after surgery on 1st, 3rd 14th of 41 eyes post
phacoemulsification. ACD was measured with IOL Master 500 Karl Zeiss® was
measured with Non-Contact Tonometry Shin-Nippon®.
Results : A total of 41 eyes, with characteristied by age >60 year (78,3%), female
(52,2%), left eyes(52,2%). The mean ACD had increased significantly at D0-
D+1,D0-D+3, D0-D+14 and the mean IOP had decreased significantly at D0-
D+3, D0-D+14, D+1-D+3, D+1-D+14 (p<0,05).
Conclusion : There was a significant increase in ACD and decrease in IOP after
phacoemulsification.Tujuan : Untuk menilai perubahan kedalaman kamera okuli anterior dan tekanan
intra okuli sesudah fakoemulsifikasi.
Metode : Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan
perlakuan ulang (one group pre and post) di Rumah Sakit Khusus Mata Medan
Baru. Pengukuran KOA dan TIO pada 41 mata dengan senilis katarak dilakukan
sebelum operasi dan sesudah operasi hari ke 1,3, dan 14. Pengukuran ACD
menggunakan IOL Master 500 Karl Zeiss® dan pengukuran TIO menggunakan
Tonometri Non Kontak merk Shin-Nippon®.
Hasil : Total dari 41 mata, diperoleh hasil karakteristik penderita katarak usia >
60 tahun 78,3%, perempuan 52,2%, mata kiri 52,2%. Ditemukan adanya
perbedaan kedalaman ACD secara signifikan dengan (p<0,05) hari ke H0-
H+1,H0-H+3,H0-H+14 dan perbedaan penurunan TIO secara signifikan dengan
(p<0,05) hari ke H0-H+3, H0-H+14, H+1-H+3, H+1-H+14.
Kesimpulan : Dijumpai peningkatan kedalaman ACD dan penurunan TIO pada
pasien katarak senilis sesudah operasi fakoemulsifikasi.Tesis Magiste
Hubungan Tekanan Intraokular Dengan Uji Provokasi Water Drinking Test pada Penderita Suspek Glaukoma
No full textPurpose : To find out the peak of fluctuation in intra ocular pressure during the water drinking test which is posibility to be clinically applicable
Method: The study was done on 38 people (76 eyes) who came to the outpatient eye clinic of Sultan Sulaiman Serdang Bedagai Regional Hospital, North Sumatra, in period of February-July 2017. The period was carried out by examining intra ocular pressure in patients with suspected glaucoma by intervening in forced water drinking. Which is called provocation test for water drinking test.
Results: There were mean comparisons between men and women before and after WDT treatment in the right and left eye above 0.005. This means that there is no significant relationship where the value should be p <0.05. There were differences between the average intra ocular pressure in the right and left eye after receiving WDT treatment, where p. <0.05. There were differences among intra ocular pressure before treatment after receiving WDT treatment, at the 15th minute 'with 45', the 15th minute 'with 60', the 30th minute 'with 60'.
Conclusion: There is no difference in the average ratio between men and women before and after WDT, the results are not significant p <0.05. Pressure values on the right and left eyes after receiving WDT treatment which reached a peak in the first 15 minutes, and obtained p value of 0.0000. This is stated as significant where p value <0.005.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui fluktuasi puncak tekanan intra okular selama tes water drinking test yang mana kemungkinan dapat diterapkan secara klinis.
Metode: Penelitian dilakukan pada 38 orang (76 mata) yang dating ke poli mata RSUD Sultan Sulaiman Serdang Bedagai, Sumatera Utara, periode Februari – Juli 2017. Dilakukan pemeriksaan tekanan intra okular pada pasien-pasien penderita suspek glaukoma dengan melakukan intervensi pemberian minum air paksa, yang disebut test provokasi water drinking test.
Hasil: Terdapat rerata perbandingan antara laki-laki dan perempuan pada sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan WDT pada mata kanan dan kiri di atas 0,005. Ini berarti menyatakan tidak ada hubungan signifikan dimana nilai seharusnya adalah p< 0,05. Terdapat ada perbedaan rata-rata tekanan intra okuli pada mata kanan dan kiri setelah mendapat perlakuan WDT, dimana p. < 0,05. Terdapat tekanan intra okuli yang berbeda sebelum perlakuan dengan setelah mendapat perlakuan WDT , pada menit ke 15’ dengan 45’, menit ke 15” dengan 60’, menit ke 30’ dengan 60’.
Kesimpulan: Tidak didapat perbedaan rata-rata perbandingan antara laki-laki dan perempuan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan \WDT, terlihat hasilnya tidak signifikan p< 0,05
Nilai tekanan pada mata kanan dan kiri setelah mendapat perlakuan WDT yang mencapai puncak pada 15 menit pertama, dan didapat p value 0,0000. Ini dinyatakan signifikan dimana nilai p <0,005.57 HalamanTesis Magiste
Hubungan Kadar Selenium Plasma dengan Kejadian Glaukoma Sudut Terbuka Primer
No full textBackground: Glaucoma is optical neuropathy with a remodeling of connective tissue and neural tissue of the optic disc. This disease is the leading cause of irreversible blindness and the second most common cause of blindness after cataracts. One type of glaucoma that is progressive is primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG. There are several factors influence the development of POAG. One of these factors is Selenium.
Objective: To determine the association between plasma selenium levels with the event of primary open-angle glaucoma.
Materials and Methods: This study is an analytic observational with a case-control approach. The groups are consisting of patients diagnosed with POAG and the control group (normal eyes), with each group containing 30 subjects. The samples were consecutively recruited from February 2022 until the number of samples was fulfilled in Glaucoma Polyclinic Opthalmology Department Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital. Subjects in both groups underwent eye examinations and 3 ml of venous blood samples were taken to analyze selenium levels in the subject’s plasma, then recorded and statistical analysis was performed.
Results: Most of the data subjects in the POAG group were male, with 16 subjects (53.3%) in the age range from 40 to 85 years age group and the mean age was 55,87 years old. The mean Selenium levels in the POAG group was 328.64 ng/dL, with the lowest value being 104.58 ng/dL, and the highest value 1017.8 ng/dL. Using the Mann-Whitney test, it was shown that there was a significant difference in plasma Selenium levels between the POAG group and the control group (p<0.001). There was a significant relationship between Selenium and IOP (p=0.020) in the POAG group and no significant correlation between Selenium levels and MD, CDR, and duration of POAG in the POAG group.
Conclusion: There was a significant difference in plasma Selenium levels between the POAG group and the control group, and there was a relationship between Selenium and IOP in the POAG group, but no correlation was found between Selenium and other parameters.116 HalamanTesis Magiste
Hubungan Kadar Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alfa dengan Tekanan Intraokuli, Defek Lapang Pandang, dan Cup Disk Ratio pada Glaukoma Sudut Terbuka Primer (POAG)
No full textBackground
Glaucoma is a group of progressive optic neuropathy disease characterized by degeneration of retinal ganglion cells. This causes changes in the optic nerve and loss of visual field. Several studies have revealed that there is a role for TNF Alpha in glaucoma cases.
Objective
This study aims to determine the relationship between Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha levels with IOP, visual field defects and Cup Disk Ratio in patients with primary open angle glaucoma.
Method
This research is an analytical observation with cross sectional data collection method. Examination the intra-oil pressure using a tonometer. Examination of Humprey visual field perimetry visual field. Examination of cup disk ratio using optical coherence tomography and TNF Alpha ELISA.
Result
The sample of this study was 30 people with male 16 people (53.3%) and female 14 people (46.7%). Using the Spearman correlation test showed that there was no significant correlation between TNF alpha and IOP (p = 0.230). TNF alpha was also found not significantly correlated with visual field area (p = 0.119) and CDR (p = 0.940).
Conclucion
TNF Alpha levels are not significantly related to IOP, CDR and visual field defects77 HalamanTesis Magiste
The Effect of Citicoline Administration on Visual Function Improvement in Stroke Patients at Prof. DR. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Hospital, University Of Sumatera Utara, and Affiliated Network Hospitals
No full textBackground: Visual disturbances are a common and often debilitating complication
following stroke, significantly impairing patients’ functional independence and quality of
life. Among various neuroprotective agents, Citicoline (cytidine-5’-diphosphocholine) has
demonstrated multifaceted mechanisms of action, including modulation of phospholipid
metabolism, reduction of oxidative stress, and enhancement of dopaminergic and
cholinergic neurotransmission. These properties suggest potential benefits in promoting
visual recovery post-stroke. Methods: This quasi-experimental study employed a pre- and
post-intervention design involving 30 post-stroke patients who received 1000 mg of oral
Citicoline daily for 30 consecutive days. Visual function was evaluated through standard
ophthalmological assessments, including visual acuity (logMAR), visual field analysis
using the Humphrey Field Analyzer, contrast sensitivity (Pelli-Robson chart), and color
sensitivity test (Farnsworth Munsell D-15 test), both before and after treatment.
Results: Post-treatment analysis revealed no statistically significant improvement in
visual acuity or visual field parameters (p > 0.05). However, contrast sensitivity showed a
statistically significant enhancement following Citicoline administration (p < 0.05). No
significant changes were observed in color vision outcomes (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Oral
Citicoline supplementation over a 30-day period appears to exert a beneficial effect
specifically on contrast sensitivity in stroke patients with visual dysfunction, while its
impact on visual acuity, visual fields, and color perception remains inconclusive. Further
research involving combinations with other neuroprotective agents, larger sample sizes,
or longer intervention durations is needed to confirm these findings and to explore the
potential benefits of Citicoline more comprehensively.86 PagesTesis Magiste
Correlation between Total Serum Bilirubin Levels with the Incident of Glaucoma in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
No full textBackground: Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG)is a complex group of diseases caused by various factors. According to recent studies, high intraocular pressure, genetic variations, blood vessel damage, oxidative stress, ametropia, and diabetes are risk factors. As an endogenous antioxidant, total bilirubin (TBIL) has been shown to have potential antioxidant activity and is inversely related to oxidative stress. Based on the increasing amount of evidence of increased oxidative and cytotoxic stress in glaucoma tissue, oxidatively modified proteins or oxidative stress-related products may be of great importance as glaucoma-related biomarkers.
Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between total serum bilirubin levels and the incidence of glaucoma in POAG sufferes at North Sumatra University hospital
Materials and Methods: This research is an observational analytic study with a cross- sectional research design. Using a sample of 25 people at the Glaucoma Department of North Sumatra University hospital. This research will start from November 2023 until the number of samples is reached.
Results: POAG >60 years old, there were 3 people with moderate degrees and 16 peoples with advanced degrees. The total mean bilirubin level in subject with medium POAG was 0.23 mg/dL. Using the Mann Whitney test, there was no significant difference between the levels of total bilirubin and POAG (p=0.131) in subjects aged 60 years.
Conclusion: There is no relationship between between total serum bilirubin levels and the incidence of glaucoma in POAG106 PagesTesis Magiste
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