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Etternamnsbruk i Luster kommune i to hundre år
Get PDFThis article discusses the evolution of surnames in Luster municipality, which until 1963 was divided into three smaller, separate districts (Hafslo, Jostedal, and Luster itself). The aim is to investigate surname usage in the period that both preceded and followed the official name law from 1923, based on a quantitative analysis of the censuses from 1801 and 1900, the national farm register from 1950, and the telephone directory from 1979–80. The results show that as the name law took effect, surnames in Luster developed from renaming-based primary patronymics to place name-based hereditary surnames or secondary patronymics, thus corresponding to Norway’s average development. Nevertheless, about 80 % of the locals in Jostedal bore place name-based surnames already in 1900. The article argues that the small and socially homogeneous population of Jostedal was never particularly affected by the hereditary surname tradition from the old Danish upper class, and therefore transitioned from primary patronymics to modern surnames earlier and more freely than the more stratified communities of Hafslo and Luster.publishedVersio
Stadnamn i Luster kommune i Indre Sogn : Ein prototypebasert analyse av namnelandskapet i eit vestlandsk jordbruksdistrikt
Get PDFDenne teksten er ein gjennomgåande studie av stadnamn i det rurale kulturlandskapet i Luster kommune i Indre Sogn. Hovudkjelda mi for granskinga har vore stadnamninnsamlinga til Stadnamnprosjektet i Sogn og Fjordane 01.08.85 – 31.12.86, som femnar heile 18845 namn frå området og vart utført av Fylkesakrivet i Sogn og Fjordane og sjølve Luster kommune. Som kontrollmateriale og utfyllande hovudkjelde brukte eg den sokalla Skuleborninnsamlingi sett i gang av Gustav Indrebø på 1930-talet; for dagens Luster kommune består innsamlinga av heile 595 handskrivne oppskrifter, delte opp etter dei tre tidlegare herada Hafslo, Jostedal og Luster. Analysen gjekk føre seg i to bolkar. Fyrst ein generell, induktiv kjeldeanalyse, so ein deduktiv næranalyse av dei aktuelle belegga. Under den induktive analysen avgrensa eg to hovudfenomen å undersøkja deduktivt: 1) den morfologiske talvariasjonen hjå bruksnamn, seternamn og teignamn med likt grunnord; 2) den semantiske variasjonen mellom seternamn med ulikt grunnord. Talvariasjonen har vist seg å ha stillingsskiljande verdi i onomastikonet, og analysen min har framheva at propriumsfunksjonen til namneformene speglar seg i tilhøvet mellom tydingsinnhaldet og den formelle markeringa. Eg har identifisert eit tvidelt mønster hjå enkle substantiviske namn (eg kalla det aktiv kontra passiv talvariasjon), medan avleidde namn har vist seg å vera noko meir prototypiske enn gjennomsnittet. Dativnamna er derimot sopass proprialiserte at dei vik frå det generelle mønsteret ved å ikkje ha stillingsskil i onomastikonet mellom eintal- og fleirtalsform, men likevel er dei delte inn etter korleis dei markerer propriumsstatus (eintalsforma gjer det morfologisk, medan fleirtalsforma semantisk). Analysen av seternamna fokuserte på namnelekkane sete, tròd og støl, utanom hine formene granska i høve til talvariasjonen. Plasseringa av sete-namna – nytta helst om langsetrar – har vist seg å fylgja eit nokso einsarta bruksmønster eg kalla for prototypebasert balanseprinsipp, som er resultat av namnelekken sin høge propriumsstatus og den fylgjande dominerande rolla i kulturlandskapet. Dette prinsippet har gjort det mogeleg å avgjera at sete som grunnord primært peikar på tydeleg menneskeleg busetnad. Namnelekken tròd – nytta helst om heimesetrar og enkle mjølkeplassar – synte derimot eit særleg varierande bruksmønster og ei mellomhøg stilling i onomastikonet, med heile fire tydingsvariantar med ulik propriumsstatus. Eit viktig funn har vore at sete og tròd til vanleg har komplementær spreiing i terrenget, som svarar til komplementære prototypiske vilkår. Støl – nytta generelt om plassen der setra ligg – er det einaste seternemnet med eit direkte appelativisk motsvar i sognemålet. Denne namnelekken lyt då reknast som nesten appellativ og propriumsfunksjonen hans kan berre vera låg; semantisk reanalyse og proprialisering mot tydingsvarianten ‘mjølkeplass’ ser likevel mogelege ut, endå i mykje mindre mon enn hjå tròd
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Etternamnsbruk i Luster kommune i to hundre år
No full textThis article discusses the evolution of surnames in Luster municipality, which until 1963 was divided into three smaller, separate districts (Hafslo, Jostedal, and Luster itself). The aim is to investigate surname usage in the period that both preceded and followed the official name law from 1923, based on a quantitative analysis of the censuses from 1801 and 1900, the national farm register from 1950, and the telephone directory from 1979–80. The results show that as the name law took effect, surnames in Luster developed from renaming-based primary patronymics to place name-based hereditary surnames or secondary patronymics, thus corresponding to Norway’s average development. Nevertheless, about 80 % of the locals in Jostedal bore place name-based surnames already in 1900. The article argues that the small and socially homogeneous population of Jostedal was never particularly affected by the hereditary surname tradition from the old Danish upper class, and therefore transitioned from primary patronymics to modern surnames earlier and more freely than the more stratified communities of Hafslo and Luster
Namn på -sete i Indre Sogn. Nokre morfologiske og semantiske vurderingar
Get PDFThis article discusses toponyms ending in -sete from Indre Sogn in Norway. Scholars disagree about -sete’s morphology (dative or nominative), denotation (natural or man-made features) and reference (hamlets, fields, or places connected to animal husbandry). Data from Indre Sogn suggests shielings as main reference, and epenthesis and apocope of ON setr/sætr as morphological development, thus matching earlier data from Hardanger (Helleland 1989). Furthermore, the article highlights two new aspects of such names: -sete marks names typically located in clusters on the outskirts of villages. This explains their distribution better than elevation above sea level, as the clusters contrast name loss by maintaining close functional interaction between sete-names that otherwise are completely unproductive nowadays, and hence would disappear.
-sete denotates man-made features and means broadly ‘area utilised for one specific purpose’. Further semantic specification follows a spectrum between names deriving from ON setr/sætr and similar names from ON sæti, likely due to historical convergence of these morphosyntactic similar lexemes.publishedVersio
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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