251 research outputs found
Digital biography documents
No full textThis file contains three short author biographies written by Milton Murayama about his life and career
Michael McPherson correspondence
No full textThis file contains correspondence and other ephemera from Michael McPherson, a fellow author and poet from Hawaii. This file also contains correspondence with Cynthia Conrad, a local Hawaii artist and mutual friend of Murayama and Michael McPherson. Access to this file is restricted. Please contact the Archives and Manuscripts Department for permission to access this file
Michael McPherson correspondence
No full textThis file contains correspondence and other ephemera from Michael McPherson, a fellow author and poet from Hawaii. This file also contains correspondence with Cynthia Conrad, a local Hawaii artist and mutual friend of Murayama and Michael McPherson. Online access to portions of this file has been restricted. Please contact the Archives and Manuscripts Department for permission to access the complete file
Obligaciones de transparencia en las universidades.
No full textEl Dr. Ciro Murayama Rendón abre esta ponencia haciendo alusión a la transparencia
como una obligación no únicamente de las universidades públicas, sino también de
las privadas, afirmando que estas últimas deben reorientar su compromiso para con la
ciudadanía y ahondar en la rendición de cuentas a la sociedad desde su organización,
hasta sus modos de financiamiento y costos reales. El resto del documento describe un
decálogo de obligaciones de transparencia en las universidades que el autor propone,
partiendo de la idea de que la universidad ha sido un espacio opaco, cerrado a la crítica
y autocrítica, y de que existen aspectos básicos que deben estar considerados en materia
de transparencia y acceso a la información en las universidades, tanto públicas como
privadas.Ciro Murayama Rendón opens this lecture doing reference to the transparency like an
obligation not only of the public universities, but also of the prevailed ones, affirming
that these last ones must reorient their commitment towards the citizenship and go
deep in the accountability to the society from their organization, their ways of financing
and real costs. The rest of the document describes a Decalogue of obligations of
transparency in universities that the author proposes, starting off of idea that university
has been an opaque space, closed to critic and self-criticism, and of which basic aspects
exist that must be considered in the matter of transparency and access to the information
in the universities, as much public as prevailed
General Report of the Summer Party of the 15th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition 1973-1974
No full textThe Japanese Antarctic activities have been resumed on the occasion of Japan's participation in the International Geophysical Year, 1957-1958. The 1st Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE), under Dr. T. NAGATA'S leadership, was organized to establish a scientific station in Antarctica, and was dispatched on board the icestrengthened ship SOYA. In 1957 Syowa Station was established at 69°00'S,39°35/E on Ongul Island, off Soya Coast, Prince Haraid Land. Syowa was temporarily closed between 1962 and 1965, because of the superannuation of the SOYA. During the cessation period, the icebreaker FUJI was built. Operated by the Japan Maritime Self Defence Force, the FUJI was placed in commission and the 7th JARE reactivated Syowa in 1966. Since then, the facilities at the station have been rapidly amplified year by year. The present report outlines scientific and logistic activities of the summer party of the 15th JARE in the Southern Ocean and in the vicinity of Syowa during the period between the departure from Fremantle, Australia on December 16, 1973 and the arrival at Cape Town, South Africa on March 9, 1974, The 15th JARE consisting of 40 men was led by the author. Thirty of the 40 scientists and technicians constituted the wintering party led by Mr. Nozomi MURAKOSHI, deputy leader of the Expedition. The scientific program of the 15th JARE was prepared by the Planning Committee (Chairman, Dr. T. NAGATA) of Polar Research Center, National Science Museum, which was reorganized into the National Institute of Polar Research in September 1973. The program is a part of the long-term yearly plan listed in Table 4, and has been officially approved by the Promoting Headquarters of JARE presided by the Minister of Education. It must be noted here that the environmental science, in connection with biology, human physiology and geochemistry, will be studied at a newly established environmental science laboratory (shown in Fig. 1). Also, the inland survey is to be counted for much by a team of glaciologists, geologist, geophysicists and meteorologists in the Mizuho Gamp, located at 70°42'S, 44°18/E, 2,050 meters above sea level and in the Yamato Mountains. For this purpose, a living hut, accommodating 4 berths (shown in Fig. 2) will be erected in the Mizuho Camp by the wintering party. Inland oversnow traverse, including the trip to the Enderby Land, during the summer of 1974-1975 will resurvey the strain grids which were set by the llth JARE, and will carry out a glaciological study in the field. The inland operation will be supported by an aviation group of one pilot and one mechanic using a single-engined monoplane, Cessna 185. These two projects take place of the sounding rocket observations made at Syowa by the 12th, 13th and 14th JARE wintering parties. On the other hand, the research programs assingned to the summer party are centered on a preliminary investigation for the study of environmental science to be carried out at Syowa and its vicinity by the wintering party, as well as on oceanographical observations to collect data of marine environment around Syowa. The expenses of the 15th JARE were defrayed mostly from the budget for the 1973 fiscal year (April 1, 1973 to March 31, 1974). The allocated amount was US million 1.359 comprising the expenses for scientific research (0.524), logistics (0.579), personal expenditure (0.244) and training expenditure (0.012). (2) Operation of the FUJI, US million 0.069. The Promoting Headquarters, for the first time, sent out a representative to the 15th JARE as an observer. Dr. Kiyoo WADACHI, expresident of the National Antarctic Committee of the Science Council of Japan and ex-director of Japan Meteorological Agency, joined the summer party aboard the FUJI from Tokyo to Cape Town, as was the case of the exchange scientist Dr. Norberto Luis BIENATI, Scientific Department of National Antarctic Research Institute, Ministry of Defence, Argentina. The mission of the summer party comprises three tasks, that is, oceanographical observation aboard the FUJI during the cruise from Fremantle to Cape Town, survey and research work in the vicinity of Syowa in austral summer, and logistic support for the 15th wintering party. Leaving Fremantle on December 16, 1973, the FUJI moored at the edge of fast ice, approximately 27 nautical miles NW of Syowa, on December 31, 1973. The author observed that, due to the long spell of fine weather from November 8 to 25, sea ice of this area had been loosened and swept away beyond expectation in comparison with the ice conditions in the previous two or three years. In addition, although the Syowa area was visited by blizzards on November 28, December 8 and 20, they were all weak and lasted only one day, without deteriorating the condition of pack ice in Liitzow-Holm Bay. Figure 3 shows the route of the FUJI and ice conditions in the period from December 1973 to February 1974. Shuttle flights of helicopters were made immediately to transport men and cargos from the ship to Syowa. At the same time, surface transportation of KD60-type inland oversnow vehicle, No. 609, which had failed to be landed in the last three years, was carried out before the fast ice became loose. Figure 4 shows the transportation route on fast ice from the FUJI to Syowa. About 500 tons of cargos were transported by air and surface. The breakdown of the cargos is as follows, with weight in ton in paren theses: Scientific equipments (39.5), Machines and vehicles (55.0), Fuel (313.0), Construction materials (42.5), Foods (34.0), Others (10.0), Total 494.0 tons. The environmental science laboratory, accommodating a bacteria cultivation room, a chemical work room and a measurement room, was erected. A tank containing 10m^3 hydrogen for weather balloons, was installed together with a generator connected to the balloon-inflating hut. On February 1, 1974, scientists of the 15th JARE took charge of routine observations of weather, ionospheric sounding, geomagnetism, seismology, and tide observation at Syowa. The inland traverse party of the 14th JARE who traveled from the Yamato Mountains joined the members of the 15th at the Mizuho Camp where a direction finder for Cessna flight was installed by the latter. The former reached the depot on the continent, from where the party evacuated by helicopters on February 5. Meanwhile, several groups of biologists and geochemists were sent to the area of exposed rocks and saline lakes for studying biology, ecology and geochemistry. At the same time, ground control surveys were conducted for map compilation. As the station was actually taken over by the 15th wintering party on February 1, 1974, the 15th summer party hastened back to the FUJI on the early morning of February 6, after picking up the 14th JARE personnel. From that time on, the summer activity was focussed on the oceanographycal observations in the Southern Ocean between Lutzow-Holm Bay and Cape Town (Table 14 and Fig. 10). En route to Cape Town the FUJI visited Molodezhnaya Station, USSR, (67°50'S, 45°50'E) on February 12. The author, Captain M. MORITA of the FUJI, Dr. WADACHI and others were welcomed by Dr. P. K. SENKO, leader of the 18th Soviet Antarctic Expedition, who personally guided the author throughout the Station. Dr. SENKO and his men paid a visit to the FUJI by helicopters and a mutual welcome party was held. The FUJI continued the survey cruise as shown in Fig. 10 and on February 27, 1974, at the point of 66°27'S, 01°40'E, she changed her course northward for home via Cape Town
REPORT OF THE 7TH JAPANESE ANTARCTIC RESEARCH EXPEDITION 1965-66
No full text(1) The basic plan of the 7th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition was the reopening of the Syowa Station, the establishment of a permanent station and preparations for inland survey. The routine observations of the wintering team were to engage in the study of aurora, airglow, geomagnetism, ionosphere, natural earthquake observation and tidology at the station while high level scientific researches were to be made on auroral intensity, auroral spectrum, auroral radio noise emission, geomagnetic pulsation, ionospheric absorption, biology and thermal process in the upper atmosphere. Emphasis in the researches of the 7th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition was to be placed on the study of upper atmospheric physics and biology in line with the International Quiet Sun Year (I Q S Y) and the International Biological Program (I B P), respectively The basic policy for inland survey was to be based on magnetic meridian which passes through the Syowa Station, and on geosciences, also glaciology and magnetism to be conducted between appropriate points on the magnetic meridian and the South Pole, were to be taken up as important subjects. Preparatory operations were to be made by the 7th wintering team with the target set on a South Pole traverse trip by the 10th expedition While testing the large sized snow car specially developed for such traverse, the wintering team was to conduct inland terrestrial magnetism and meteorological observations and also construct fuel depots for the team to accomplish the traverse. On the other hand, aboard the icebreaker FUJI, observations were conducted on upper stmosphere physics, oceanography, geochemistry and biology. (2) The icebreaker FUJI, which left Tokyo on November 20, 1965, entered the sea of ice floes off the Soviet Station Mirny on December 19 after touching at Fremantle, Australia. After proceeding westward, the FUJI arrived at the edge of close pack ice at a point 65°S, 45°E Compared with the conventional course via Gape Town, the time required to navigate the distance between Tokyo and the sea near Syowa Station was reduced by approximately two weeks Furthermore, because the condition of the ice in Lutzow-Holm Bay is greatly influenced by the ice condition in the area between Enderby Land and the Prince Olav Coast, the FUJI during her voyage was able to carry out effective survey on the condition of the ice in this area. The Prince Olav Coast, west of Enderby Land, is well known for its numerous icebergs which were found in a long row about 30 miles off that coast along a line of the top margin of the continental shelf It was also presumed that an open sea existed along the Prince Olav Coast northwest of the row of icebergs The open sea was spotted by a Sikorsky 61A helicopter which is capable of long distance reconnaissance flight The FUJI entered this open sea and, after cruising in a southwesterly direction, arrived at the edge of fast ice some 40 milts NNE off the Syowa Station on East Ongul Island However, this was one wintei fast ice which had been formed since April of the preceding year Because this ice was considered too soft to hold a large sized snow car and also because it would take the FUJI a long time to break through, it was decided ro carry out an transportation (3) The buildings, antenna and vehicles at the Syowa Station which had been closed since February 1962, seemed in good condition outwardly, but the summer of the preceding year, which had changed the many wintered fast ice of Lutzow-Holm Bay into new fast ice, also had played havoc with the base and the buildings which were caught in frozen waters In particular the powei hut and mess hut weie damaged When closing the base in 1962, I had left two 20 KVA diesel electric generators which I believe would take only about 48 hours to restore the operational condition, but the fact was that it took nearly a week to clean the ice off the generators, dry and reassemble them The 12,000 horse power FUJI, unlike its predecessor the SOYA, was able to advance up to five miles from the Prince Olav Coast by developing only about 25% of her full power However, the reason why the FUJI was able to approach so close to the coast was partly attributable to the favorable ice condition Air transportation of provisions and equipments began from the end of December and was completed at the beginning of Februay under a polar high atmospheric piessuie and under the same weather condition as at the Syowa Station During this period, the operational rate of the two helicopters reached a high 50% out of days feasible to fly Various huts to accoinodate the equipments were constiucted, including the power hut assembled from metal pannels which housed two 45 KVA diesel electric geneiatois, a pie-heating hut housing a circulation flush toilet and a pre-hcatmg tank, radio and tiansmittei huts The buildings weie connected by passageway made of corrugated iron pipe with a diameter of two meters Thus, the Syowa Station was completely revitalized About 80 kilohters diesel oil is consumed in one year at the base for the diesel electric geneiators, excluding the fuel in diums to be used for inland survey tups This time the transportation of diesel oil for geneiators was earned in bulk from the FUJI to the base, i e , in two 1-kilohter tanks installed in the helicopter and delivered to six newlv constructed 10-kiloliter rubber pillow tanks and one 20-kilohter aluminum tank A rhombic antenna was constiucted on an island off East Ongul Island, with directional beams toward Tokyo and the mother station, Mawson. The establishment of telegraph and telephone services with Tokyo using a 1 KW transmitter was completed on January 27. On the other side, the FUJI started her voyage southward by breaking through the blue ice on the western side of Ongul Island. The ship advanced further in the Ongul Straits and finally succeeded in berthing at East Ongul Island More than 400 tons of cargo had been air-lifted from the FUJI to the base, but the FUJI berthed near the base in search of ice strong enough to hold the snow car to be sent ashore. The snow car was the KD 60, which was developed specially for traverse trip between the base and the South Pole It has the following specifications and capacities, resistant to cold up to 60 degrees below zero centigrade, operatable up to a height of 4,000 meters above sea level, durable 6,000 kilometers trip, equipped with seismic sounding instrument, gravity meter, 50 W SSB transmitter, gyrocompass and straight steering navigation system It is also equipped with berthes and a kitchen for a crew of four and is capable of pulling a load of seven to nine tons at speed range of 10km per hour to 15 km on even snow Facilities and instruments for observations in upper atmosphere physics such as multicolor photometer, all-sky camera, spectrograph, aurora radar, riometer, continuous measurement of VLF emission, magnetic recorder and hiss recorder were completed To increase the meteorograph system, the automatic Rawin system was successfully installed, inaddition to a hydrogen gas generator and a tide gauge. On February 1, I nominated eighteen members of the wintering team led by Dr. A. MUTO. (4) The FUJI sailed eastward along the Prince Olav Coast, reached some 25 miles northwest of Molodezhnaya Station (67°50'S, 45°50'E), and berthed here where the Soviet relief ship OB lied already alongside. The fast ice on the Prince Olav Coast, 10 to 20 miles wide during the past month and the northern line of the ice floes at about 40 to 50 miles from the coast, had turned to an area of loose ice with an ice concentration of 3 to 5 The FUJI stopped some 15 miles north-northwest off the Molodezhnaya on the edge of fast ice and paid a visit to the station by helicopters on the night of February 3. We were welcomed by Dr. N. N OUCHINNIKOV, the leader of Molodezhnaya, who personally guided us throughout the station, our nearest neighbor. Next day, we visited OB, which was moored to the continental ice, and were welcomed by Captain KUPRI and Dr. MAKSUTOV, the leader of the 11th Soviet Antarctic Expedition. In return, Captain KUPRI, Dr. MAKSUTOV and Dr OUCHINNIKOV paid a visit to the FUJI where a mutual-welcome party was held by the members of the Japanese and Soviet Antarctic expeditions The FUJI started her westward cruise on February 6 and arrived at a point 45 miles north of the Syowa Station A helicopter was flown to Syowa to bring back five summer personnel who had been left there, and we baid farewell to the eighteen members of the wintering team The FUJI continued her survey cruise from Princess Ragnhild Coast through ice floes some 20/60 miles wide from the ice front in a west-southwest direction On February 9, the FUJI pushed southward through the loose ice floe filled with an ice concentration of 2 to 3 and discovered oil drums on the shelf ice indicating the place where the MAGA DAN, a relief ship chartered by the Belgian-Dutch Antarctic Expedition, had berthed seveial days before We cast anchor at Glacier Bay and on the night of Februaiy 10, we were visited by Mr AUTENBOER, leader of the Belgian-Dutch Antarctic Expedition, and his men from Roi Baudoum Station The following night, four Japanese members, including myself, paid a visit to Roi Baudoum with Mr AUTENBOER on his snocat, and were given the opportunity of touring the station The Belgo-Netherland party gave us very cordial reception and hospitality during our stay at Roi Baudouin Early in the morning of February 12, the FUJI continued her westwaid voyage along the Princess Astrid Coast and on the night of the 13th, she took northward ciuise for home via Cape Tow
(News Bulletin of the Polar Research Center) (Reports of the Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition
No full text
REPORT OF THE WINTERING PARTY OF THE 9TH JAPANESE ANTARCTIC RESEARCH EXPEDITION 1968-1969
No full textThe National Antarctic Committee of the Science Council of Japan has decided to resume scientific research in the Antarctic by reopening Syowa. This base will serve as a permanent station for carrying out various kinds of observations and surveys of the East Antarctic Continent. The inland survey is for the purpose of studying continental ice, crustal structure, and geomagnetism following the geomagnetic meridian. During the period of February 11, 1968 to February 20, 1969 Syowa was manned by the 9th wintering party. The party consisted of the writer, who succeeded Dr. T. TORII as leader, plus 28 men including one correspondent of the press On account of the location of Syowa lying directly below the auroral zone, studies in the field of upper atmosphere physics have been conducted in continuation of last wintering party. We are limited in the scale of the station facility because of the transport capacity of the relief ship FUJI, but we were able to commence the study of cloud physics and medical science. The largest and highest ice continent in Antarctic lies to the south of Syowa. The distance between it and the South Pole is approximately 2,300 kilometers as the crow fhes While U. S. A. and U. S. S. R. have initiated an ambitious survey of the East Antarctic, the large portion of the continent remains unexplored A significant but hazardous scientific project remaining is the traverse between Syowa and the South Pole The Japanese expedition commenced the execution of this traverse. KD60, specially constructed snowmobile, was made available for the Pole trip Its special features include ability to withstand temperatures as low as minus 60 degrees Centigrade in the traverse over the ice plateau of the altitude of higher than 4,000 meters for a distance of 6,000 kilometers. The vehicle is equipped with a seismograph, an ice radar, a natural radio waves receiver, a gyrosyncompass for navigation, and radio transmitters and the like. It contains four berths plus kitchen and is capable of continuous operation fora five-month period. During the traverse the party conducted scientific observations and measurements of the following subjects : location, altitude, weather, topography, geology, ice thickness, geomagnetism, natural radio waves (VLF emission) and medical science. We left Syowa on Ongul Island on September 28, 1968 aboard four KD60's hauling fourteen sleighs which were loaded with 45 tons of fuel, food, and scientific apparatus. We proceeded southward along 43 degrees East Longitude. Forty days later we passed 76 degrees South Latitude. There-after we were plagued with softer-than-expected snow and an uneven snow cover caused by strong winds One of the KD60's had a trouble in the turbo-charger and we were forced to proceed onward without it. The equipments and stores of the abandoned vehicle were transferred onto the other vehicles and sleighs On the 46th day our train arrived at the U. S. Plateau Station which is located at 79 degrees 14 minutes South Latitude and 40 degrees 30 minutes East Longitude. There we received additional 10 tons of fuel Our journey thereafter proceeded more smoothly because of increasing sun radiation. On the 83rd day our party finally reached the U. S. Amundsen-Scott Station at the geographic South Pole A warm and most enthusiastic reception was held for us The route taken by the Japanese party was the longest of all ever attempted by any of Antarctic expeditions and covered a vast extension of virgin territory. On the Christmas Day, after attending to vehicle maintenance and fuel supply, our party headed back to Syowa. On our way to Plateau Station, we found our previous path uncovered and we were able to follow it easily. In the area north of 78 degrees South Latitude, however, the rut in the loose granular snow was generally filled with snow, but its outline was about 40% visible. Between 74 degrees and 72 degrees South Latitude our vehicles bumped and rolled because of hard sastrugi covering. Our journey ended on February 15, 1969 when we reached Syowa This traverse covered 5,182 kilometers in 141 days, averaging 36 kilometers per day The writer whishes to extend his most grateful acknowledgement to the cooperation and support given by the United States stations, and to the kindness rendered to us by the Australian, British, New Zealand and Soviet station
A CONSTITUTIVE EQUATION OF SOILS
No full textThis is a brief abstract in which theoretical studies on the constitutive relations of soils perfor-med by the author are summed up. In this study general stress-strain-time relations, a failurecriterion and some thermal effects on the behavior of soils are deduced by assuming soil as a randomassembly and applying statistical consideration. To ascertain these consideration and assumption, the relations obtained are verified with some experimental results, and they could show wellagreement.This is a brief abstract in which theoretical studies on the constitutive relations of soils perfor-med by the author are summed up. In this study general stress-strain-time relations, a failurecriterion and some thermal effects on the behavior of soils are deduced by assuming soil as a randomassembly and applying statistical consideration. To ascertain these consideration and assumption,the relations obtained are verified with some experimental results, and they could show wellagreement
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