1,721,207 research outputs found
Towards the Future of Surgery
No full textThe book provides an overview of the characteristics and skills – both technical and soft - needed to become the surgical leaders of tomorrow. During the COVID pandemic, the methodological weakness in accessing and disseminating information in has become evident: this has fostered the digital development and has favoured the creation of networks and communities of individuals (not only physicians or surgeons) pointing the way to global knowledge sharing. The development of the technological offer applied to surgery has been very rapid, with the integration of minimally invasive and robotic surgery with artificial intelligence and computerization of decision-making processes, up to the extreme limit of space surgery. However, in the future of this discipline surgeons will no longer need to consider only improved access to knowledge and evolution of technology, as a great challenge will be represented by the parallel development of non-technical skills (leadership, communication, team-working) and by the careful application of healthcare management principles to clinical practice. Finally, in the near future (but already in the present), it will be impossible to ignore the economic impact of high-tech care and equity in access to care.
The book describes a journey, which starts from the history of surgical education to cross the most relevant perspectives of present and future, exploring new learning models, the thousand applications of artificial intelligence, and surgical technology to the space and back
New Perspectives for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment. Will We Be Able to Ensure Equity to Care?
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Co-design, co-learning, and co-production of an app for pancreatic cancer patients—the “Pancreas Plus” study protocol
Full text linkBackground: Pancreatic cancer is a malignant and complex tumor that often leads to an adverse prognosis.
Patients need to face a challenging treatment path, which involves highly-specialized multidisciplinary
professionals. The complexity of the disease requires the development of dedicated tools to support patients
in their care journey. Co-production stands as a valuable strategy in oncological care to engage patients in
understanding their care journey and behaving accordingly to get the best possible clinical outcome.
Methods: The non-profit association Unipancreas, active in promoting the latest advances in pancreatic
cancer care and in supporting pancreatic cancer patients, has partnered with a multidisciplinary group
of professionals to conceive the brand new program “Pancreas Plus” to employ a co-design, co-learning,
and co-production path to design an app devoted to pancreatic cancer patients to assist them during their
treatment and follow-up journey. The app, which is the outcome of a multi-stakeholder engagement project,
offers health information and medical advice specifically tailored on the pancreatic cancer disease. The
article reports the research protocol, which may be replicated for the design of other e-health tools focusing
on different conditions.
Discussion: The study’s output will be an app that sees the pancreatic cancer patient as the main
beneficiary but which can gather and address the interests and needs of all meaningful stakeholders, including
clinicians, researchers, healthcare and educational institutions, and
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
One size does not fit all - Translating knowledge to bridge the gaps to diversity and inclusion of surgical teams
Full text linkDiverse teams have proven their ability to reach superior performance and improve patients' outcomes. Nevertheless, differences in race, gender, age, nationality, skills, education, and experience act as powerful barriers to diversity and inclusion, which negatively impacts multiple healthcare organizations and limit the potential outcome of diverse teams. Knowledge Translation (KT) can help to bridge the gaps among all the various individuals involved, whether they be members of the surgical team or surgical patients
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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