1,721,398 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Semi-fluorinated alkanes as carriers for drug targeting in acute respiratory failure
No full textPartial liquid ventilation (PLV) with perfluorocarbons may cause pulmonary recruitment in acute lung injury (ALI). Semi-fluorinated alkanes (SFAs) provide biochemical properties similar to perfluorocarbons. Additionally, SFAs are characterized by increased lipophilicity. Therefore, SFA-PLV may be considered for deposition of certain therapeutic drugs into atelectatic lung areas. In this experimental study SFA-PLV was evaluated to demonstrate feasibility, pulmonary recruitment, and efficacy of drug deposition. Feasibility of SFA-PLV was determined in pigs with and without experimental ALI. Animals were randomized to PLV with SFAs up to a cumulative amount of 30 mL.kg(-1) or to conventional mechanical ventilation. Pulmonary recruitment effects were determined by analyzing ventilation-perfusion distributions. Efficacy of intrapulmonary drug deposition was evaluated in further experiments by measuring drug serum concentrations in the course of PLV with SFA-dissolved a-tocopherol and ibuprofen. Increasing SFA doses caused progressive reduction of intrapulmonary shunt in animals with ALI, indicating pulmonary recruitment. PLV with SFA-dissolved a-tocopherol had no effect on serum levels of a-tocopherol, whereas PLV with SFA-dissolved ibuprofen caused a rapid increase of serum levels of ibuprofen. The authors conclude that SFA-PLV is feasible and causes pulmonary recruitment in ALI. Effectiveness of drug deposition in the lung obviously depends on the partitioning drugs out of the SFA phase into blood
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Der Einfluss verschiedener Volumenersatzmittel auf die Perfusion und Funktion der Niere im Modell des kombinierten hämorrhagischen und septischen Schocks am Schwein
No full textPropofol: Neuroprotektion in einem In-vitro-Modell des traumatischen Hirnschadens
No full textINTRODUCTION: The anaesthetic agent propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) has been shown to be an effective neuroprotective agent in different in vitro models of brain injury induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation. We examined its neuroprotective properties in an in vitro model of traumatic brain injury. METHODS: In this controlled laboratory study organotypic hippocampal brain-slice cultures were gained from six- to eight-day-old mice pups. After 14 days in culture, hippocampal brain slices were subjected to a focal mechanical trauma and subsequently treated with different molar concentrations of propofol under both normo- and hypothermic conditions. After 72 hours of incubation, tissue injury assessment was performed using propidium iodide (PI), a staining agent that becomes fluorescent only when it enters damaged cells via perforated cell membranes. Inside the cell, PI forms a fluorescent complex with nuclear DNA. RESULTS: A dose-dependent reduction of both total and secondary tissue injury could be observed in the presence of propofol under both normo- and hypothermic conditions. This effect was further amplified when the slices were incubated at 32 degrees C after trauma. CONCLUSIONS: When used in combination, the dose-dependent neuroprotective effect of propofol is additive to the neuroprotective effect of hypothermia in an in vitro model of traumatic brain injury
Expression von Caspase- 3 und endothelialem Protein-C-Rezeptor unter dem Einfluss einer Therapie mit aktiviertem Protein C in einem murinen Sepsismodell
No full textEinfluss von rekombinantem humanen aktivierten Protein C und Ethacrynsäure auf die inflammatorische Immunantwort in einem murinen Sepsis-Modell
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