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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The synergies of instrumental assessment, botulinum toxin (BT) and rehabilitation in the Multiple Sclerosis' spasticity
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POSSIBILE VALUTAZIONE OGGETTIVA DELLE PROPRIETA’ REOLOGICHE MUSCOLARI NEL TRATTAMENTO DELLA FIBROMIALGIA
No full textVariations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Botulinum toxin type a and physiotherapy in spasticity of the lower limbs due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Get PDFAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease (unknown pathogenesis) of the central nervous system that causes death within 1-5 years. Clinically, flabby paralysis, areflexia, muscular atrophy, and muscle fasciculations, signs of II motor neuron damage, appear. Sometimes, clinical manifestations of damage of the I motor neuron come out in lower limbs; spastic paralysis, iperflexia, and clonus emerge, and they impair deambulation and management of activities of daily living, such as personal hygiene or dressing. Thus, the first therapeutic approach in these patients involves antispasmodic drugs orally followed by botulinum toxin type A injection (BTX-A). In this study, we study the e ffi cacy of BTX-A and physiotherapy in lower limb spasticity due to ALS and no response to treatment with oral antispastic drugs. We evaluated 15 patients (10 male and five female), with a mean age of 48.06 5.2 with spasticity of adductor magnus (AM), at baseline (T0, before BTX-A treatment) and in the following three follow-up visits (T1 30 days, T2 60 days, and T3 90 days after infiltration). We evaluated myometric measure of muscle tone, the Modified Ashworth Scale of AM, Barthel Index, Adductor Tone Rating Scale, and Hygiene Score. The study was conducted between November 2018 and April 2019. We treated AM with incobotulinum toxin type A (Xeomin (R), Merz). Spasticity (myometric measurement, Adductor Tone Rating Scale, and Modified Ashworth Scale) and clinical (Barthel Index and Hygiene Score) improvements were obtained for 90 days after injection (p < 0.05). Our study shows the possibility of using BTX-A in the treatment of spasticity in patients with ALS and no response to oral antispastic drugs, with no side e ff ects. The limitation of the study is the small number of patients and the limited time of observation; therefore, it is important to increase both the number of patients and the observation time in future studies
CASE REPORT: EFFICACIA DEL TRATTAMENTO CON TOSSINA BOTULINICA NELLA SPASTICITA’ IN UN CASO DI PAZIENTE CON SLA
No full text“Appropriate treatment” and therapeutic window in spasticity treatment with IncobotulinumtoxinA: From 100 to 1000 units
Get PDFMany neurological diseases (ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, multiple sclerosis, infant cerebral palsy, spinal cord injuries, traumatic brain injury, and other cerebrovascular disorders) may cause muscle spasticity. Different therapeutic strategies have been proposed for the treatment of spasticity. One of the major treatments for tone modulation is botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A), performed in addition to other rehabilitation strategies based on individualized multidisciplinary programs aimed at achieving certain goals for each patient. Therapeutic plans must be precisely defined as they must balance the reduction of spastic hypertonia and retention of residual motor function. To perform and optimize the treatment, an accurate clinical and instrumental evaluation of spasticity is needed to determine how this symptom is invalidating and to choose the best doses, muscles and times of injection in each patient. We introduce an appropriate treatment and no standard or high dosage treatment concept based on our retrospective observational study on 120 patients lasting two years, according to the larger Therapeutic Index and Therapeutic Window of Incobotulinumtoxin A doses from 100 to 1000 units. We studied the efficiency and safety of this drug considering the clinical spasticity significance for specialist physicians and patients
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