1,721,265 research outputs found
Jacques Lepart (25 juillet 1947 - 4 juillet 2020)
No full textMarty Pascal. Jacques Lepart (25 juillet 1947 - 4 juillet 2020). In: Ecologia mediterranea, tome 46 n°2, 2020. pp. 117-123
Forêt et sociétés. Appropriation et production de l'espace forestier : les logiques d'action des propriétaires privés//Forest and society. Appropriation and space production in woodlands. Action and behavior of private owners
No full textMarty Pascal. Forêt et sociétés. Appropriation et production de l'espace forestier : les logiques d'action des propriétaires privés//Forest and society. Appropriation and space production in woodlands. Action and behavior of private owners. In: Annales de Géographie, t. 108, n°609-610, 1999. pp. 658-659
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Des réserves de nature aux territoires de la biodiversité
No full textSince the implementation of the National Park policy in France, several successive biodiversity conservation strategies have been implemented. The first one aims at isolating some portions of territory as National Parks or natural reserves; it was followed by the creation of Regional Natural Parks, where biodiversity was weakly taken into account as a part of a natural or a cultural heritage of the inhabitants of a territory. Implemented by local authorities, Local management broader projects of local development took biodiversity issues into account. Agro-environment schemes and the Natura 2000 European network then change the way biodiversity was dealt with. In short, biodiversity replaced •nature” or •natural heritage”. The new Habitats and Bird directives take explicitly into account the relationships between land use practices and biodiversity: human action is no longer seen exclusively as having a negative impact. Human land use is likely to have a positive effect on the conservation of habitats and of patrimonial species or of communal interest, stakeholders’ strategies and choices cannot ignore biodiversity anymore. As biodiversity becomes one of the criteria in land management, the value of geographical analysis is highlighted.Plusieurs stratégies territoriales de conservation de la biodiversité se sont succédées en France depuis la mise en place des Parcs Nationaux. Dans un premier temps, la logique consiste à isoler et sanctuariser des territoires avec des statuts de parc nationaux ou de réserves naturelles nationales ou volontaires. Dans un deuxième temps, la désignation de parcs naturels régionaux déplace la logique de prise en compte de la biodiversité: il s’agit désormais de considérer le patrimoine naturel d’un territoire et de ses habitants et de l’intégrer à un projet de développement local porté par les collectivités territoriales. Avec les mesures agri-environnementales et le réseau européen Natura 2000, la conservation des espèces sauvages entre dans une nouvelle dimension. La biodiversité s’est imposée comme terme remplaçant la nature ou le patrimoine naturel. La mise en oeuvre des politiques de conservation prend acte du lien entre biodiversité et action de l’homme. Leur objectif est d’insister sur la compatibilité des modes de mise en valeur et de la conservation des habitats et des espèces patrimoniales ou d’intérêt communautaire. En ce sens la conservation de la biodiversité prend une dimension géographique; elle devient un objectif de la gestion des territoires et un paramètre dans les décisions de ses acteurs.Lepart Jacques, Marty Pascal. Des réserves de nature aux territoires de la biodiversité. In: Annales de Géographie, t. 115, n°651, 2006. pp. 485-507
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Alpha male replacements and delayed dispersal in crested macaques (Macaca nigra).
No full textIn species with a high male reproductive skew, competition between males for the top dominant position is high and escalated fights are common between competitors. As a consequence, challenges incur potentially high costs. Selection should favor males who time an alpha male challenge to maximize chances of a successful outcome minimizing costs. Despite the importance of alpha male replacements for individual males, we know little about the timing of challenges and the condition of the challenger. We investigated the timing and process of alpha male replacements in a species living in multi-male groups with high male reproductive skew, the crested macaque. We studied four wild groups over 6 years in the Tangkoko Reserve, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, during which 16 alpha male replacements occurred. Although unusual for cercopithecines, male crested macaques delayed their natal dispersal until they attained maximum body mass and therefore fighting ability whereupon they emigrated and challenged the alpha male in another group. Accordingly, all observed alpha male replacements were from outside males. Ours is the first report of such a pattern in a primate species living in multi-male groups. Although the majority of alpha male replacements occurred through direct male-male challenges, many also took place opportunistically (i.e., after the alpha male had already been injured or had left the group). Furthermore, alpha male tenures were very short (averaging ca. 12 months). We hypothesize that this unusual pattern of alpha male replacements in crested macaques is related to the species-specific combination of high male reproductive skew with a large number of males per group. Am. J. Primatol. 9999:1-8, 2015. © 2015 The Authors. American Journal of Primatology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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