196,536 research outputs found
The integration of local chromatic motion signals is sensitive to contrast polarity
No full textPeer reviewe
On the resilience of network-based moving target defense techniques against host profiling atacks
No full textResearchers propose Moving Target Defense (MTD) strategies for networking infrastructures as a countermeasure to impede attackers from identifying and exploiting vulnerable network hosts. In this paper, we investigate the weaknesses of Network-based Moving Target Defense (NMTD) against passive host profiling attacks. In particular, we consider periodical and reactive approaches to change hosts' identifiers. To evaluate the capabilities of a host profiling attack, we design Hostbuster, a tool that reidentifies hosts based on network flow data. We experimentally evaluate its effectiveness using real-world network trafic from the University of Oxford. We show the robustness of learned host profiles, which are valid for more than two months. On average, our experiments result in 80% classification performance given by the F1 score. As a result of these analyses, we provide guidelines to strengthen NMTD against these types of attacks
Improved flow-based formulations for the skiving stock problem
No full textThanks to the rapidly advancing development of (commercial) MILP software and hardware components, pseudo-polynomial formulations have been established as a powerful tool for solving cutting and packing problems in recent years. In this paper, we focus on the one-dimensional skiving stock problem (SSP), where a given inventory of small items has to be recomposed to obtain a maximum number of larger objects, each satisfying a minimum threshold length. In the literature, different modeling approaches for the SSP have been proposed, and the standard flow-based formulation has turned out to lead to the best trade-off between efficiency and solution time. However, especially for instances of practically meaningful sizes, the resulting models involve very large numbers of variables and constraints, so that appropriate reduction techniques are required to decrease the numerical efforts. For that reason, this paper introduces two improved flow-based formulations for the skiving stock problem that are able to cope with much larger problem sizes. By means of extensive experiments, these new models are shown to possess significantly fewer variables as well as an average better computational performance compared to the standard arcflow formulation
CHARACTERIZATION AND SPATIAL LOCALIZATION OF REGULATORY SUBSETS IN HUMAN TUMORS
No full textIt is becoming increasingly clear that tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a crucial role in cancer progression. In this contest T lymphocytes gained remarkable attention since they are often found to infiltrate tumors where they exert their functions to eradicate nascent tumor, but also in certain circumstances to promote its progression with the establishment of an immunosuppressive environment. CD8+ T cells were considered the predominant immune cellular component to infiltrate tumors, able to repress their proliferation through the release of cytotoxic molecules. Therefore several studies have been undertaken with the final goal to boost their activity against tumor cells. On the contrary, the role of CD4+ T cells has been largely underestimated in cancer immunity. They are known to provide helper signals to other immune subsets that lead to anti-tumoral responses, but also other subsets as regulatory T cells, have been described to promote the tumor growth by impairing effector cells activities. The immune cells that are found in tumor bed are continuously exposed to a plethora of signals, given by cancer cells, surrounding tissues or even by components of the immune system itself. All those different signals can affect cells identity, especially from the immune compartment. Cell plasticity is a peculiar feature of CD4+ T cells, which are known to shape and to adapt their phenotype in response to the different stimuli they are exposed to. This, together with their ability to interact with other cells from the immune system, can drastically affect tumor progression. Therefore the characterization of intratumoral CD4+ T cells could be fundamental in understanding the mechanisms leading to immunosurveillance failure. With this aim we performed single cell-RNAseq on CD4+ T cells isolated from Colorectal Cancer (CRC) and Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their respective adjacent healthy tissues. Our analysis revealed the enrichment of two subsets of CD4+ T cells in tumoral samples, T regulatory cells (Treg) and Type-1 regulatory T cells (Tr1). Since little is known about Tr1 cells’ role in cancer immunology, we focused on their characterization. We checked for 4 the production of IL-10, GMZK and for the expression of EOMES, the lineage transcription factor that has been recently identified in mouse and human peripheral Tr1 cells. Moreover, we sought to establish a correlation between Tr1 infiltration and patients’ outcome. We identified CHI3L2 as a specific Tr1 transcript and found that its expression correlates with a worse prognosis. All together, our data suggest that the CD4+ T regulatory cells are enriched in tumors and that Tr1 cells could largely contribute to the establishment of an immunosuppressive microenvironment that inhibits anti-tumor responses, making them suitable targets for novel immunotherapies
FADEWICH: Fast Deauthentication over the Wireless Channel
No full textBoth authentication and deauthentication are instrumental for preventing unauthorized access to computers and other resources. While there are obvious motivating factors for using strong authentication mechanisms, convincing users to deauthenticate is not straight-forward, since deauthentication is not considered mandatory. A user who leaves a logged-in workstation unattended (especially for a short time) is typically not inconvenienced in any way; in fact, the other way around-no annoying reauthentication is needed upon return. However, an unattended workstation is trivially susceptible to the well-known 'lunchtime attack' by any nearby adversary who simply takes over the departed user's log-in session. At the same time, since deauthentication does not intrinsically require user secrets, it can, in principle, be made unobtrusive. To this end, this paper designs the first automatic user deauthentication system-FADEWICH-that does not rely on biometric-or behavior-based techniques (e.g., keystroke dynamics) and does not require users to carry any devices. It uses physical properties of wireless signals and the effect of human bodies on their propagation. To assess FADEWICH's feasibility and performance, extensive experiments were conducted with its prototype. Results show that it suffices to have nine inexpensive wireless sensors deployed in a shared office setting to correctly deauthenticate all users within six seconds (90% within four seconds) after they leave their workstation's vicinity. We considered two realistic scenarios where the adversary attempts to subvert FADEWICH and showed that lunchtime attacks fail
Shaping a Sustainable Future
No full textThis book gives insights into important factors that are shaping effective learning for sustainability and describes innovative teaching formats that will enable students to contribute to a more sustainable world in their future role as decision makers. Basic concepts in the context of sustainability-related teaching and learning are defined and the relation between learning objectives, methods, skills and outcomes is conceptualised. The book’s detailed description of 23 teaching formats, including their learning objectives, course contents and structure, as well as applied methods aims at supporting lecturers and trainers in the design of their own teaching formats.
With contributions by
Pilar Acosta, Bimal Arora, Hasret Balcioglu, Diana Bank Weinberg, Maria Angeles Bustamante Gallego, Silke Bustamante, Julen Castillo-Apraiz, Helen Chiappini, Arrate Lasa Elguezua, Iñaki Etaio Alonso, Diego Rada Fernandez de Jauregui, Irene Garnelo-Gomez, Jonatan Miranda Gomez, Zsuzsanna Győri, Tony Henshaw, Igor Hernandez Ochoa, Mark Hoyle, Maria V. Ilieva, Divya Jyoti, Achilleas Karayiannis, Prashan S. M. Karunaratne, Philipp Kenel, William Kitch, Tetiana Kravchenko, Idoia Larretxi Lamelas, Edurne Simón Magro, Olaia Martinez Gonzalez, Martina Martinovic, Virginia Navarro Santamaria, Maria, Nemilentseva, Rana Parweeen, Andrea Pelzeter, Daria Podmetina, Manuel Quirós, Ellen Saltevo, Marina Schmitz, Elena Senatorova, Kai Shaman, Aušrinė Šilenskytė, Julia Solovjova, Unai Tamayo Orbegozo, Marko, Torkkeli, Itziar Txurruka Ortega, Gustavo Vargas-Silva, Anna Young-Ferris and Chuan Yu.PublishedThis book gives insights into important factors that are shaping effective learning for sustainability and describes innovative teaching formats that will enable students to contribute to a more sustainable world in their future role as decision makers. Basic concepts in the context of sustainability-related teaching and learning are defined and the relation between learning objectives, methods, skills and outcomes is conceptualised. The book’s detailed description of 23 teaching formats, including their learning objectives, course contents and structure, as well as applied methods aims at supporting lecturers and trainers in the design of their own teaching formats.
With contributions by
Pilar Acosta, Bimal Arora, Hasret Balcioglu, Diana Bank Weinberg, Maria Angeles Bustamante Gallego, Silke Bustamante, Julen Castillo-Apraiz, Helen Chiappini, Arrate Lasa Elguezua, Iñaki Etaio Alonso, Diego Rada Fernandez de Jauregui, Irene Garnelo-Gomez, Jonatan Miranda Gomez, Zsuzsanna Győri, Tony Henshaw, Igor Hernandez Ochoa, Mark Hoyle, Maria V. Ilieva, Divya Jyoti, Achilleas Karayiannis, Prashan S. M. Karunaratne, Philipp Kenel, William Kitch, Tetiana Kravchenko, Idoia Larretxi Lamelas, Edurne Simón Magro, Olaia Martinez Gonzalez, Martina Martinovic, Virginia Navarro Santamaria, Maria, Nemilentseva, Rana Parweeen, Andrea Pelzeter, Daria Podmetina, Manuel Quirós, Ellen Saltevo, Marina Schmitz, Elena Senatorova, Kai Shaman, Aušrinė Šilenskytė, Julia Solovjova, Unai Tamayo Orbegozo, Marko, Torkkeli, Itziar Txurruka Ortega, Gustavo Vargas-Silva, Anna Young-Ferris and Chuan Yu
Conclusion
No full textClimate change, the endangering of biodiversity, poverty, the violation of human rights and increasing population are just a few of many sustainability challenges we need to cope with in the next decades. Young people, in their role of consumers, investors, community members and employees, play a crucial role as change makers since they are able to influence companies to do their part for facilitating sustainable development. At the same time, young people present the workforce of tomorrow and are critical for the competitiveness and innovativeness of companies. The understanding of their values, their expectations and their motivations is therefore important for both, to assess how they can contribute to push companies to behaving more responsibly and—for companies—how they can adapt their employer branding strategies in order to increase their attractiveness as an employer
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
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