1,721,127 research outputs found
Carga viral do papilomavírus humano como fator preditivo de neoplasia intra-epitelial de alto grau em mulheres com células escamosas atípicas ou lesão escamosa intra-epitelial de baixo grau na colpocitologia
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Previous issue date: 2003CONTEXTO: A determinação da carga viral do papilomavírus humano (HPV) pode ter importante papel na detecção de neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical (NIC) de alto grau em mulheres com colpocitologia apresentando células escamosas atípicas ou sugestivas de lesão escamosa de baixo grau. OBJETIVO: Avaliar se a determinação da carga viral do DNA HPV é útil para predizer a detecção da neoplasia intra-epitelial de alto grau (NIC2 e 3) em mulheres referidas por colpocitologias mostrando apenas células escamosas atípicas ou lesão intra-epitelial de baixo grau. TIPO DE ESTUDO: Transversal LOCAL: Serviço de colposcopia de hospital universitário. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídas 119 mulheres encaminhadas por células escamosas atípicas e lesão intra-epitelial de baixo grau entre agosto de 2000 e abril de 2001. De todas as mulheres foi coletada nova colpocitologia, espécime para teste de HPV usando captura de híbridos II (CHII), carga viral medida em unidades relativas de luz (URL). Foi realizada colposcopia com biópsia cervical em 97 mulheres. As lesões cervicais foram classificadas usando a classificação NIC. Para diagnóstico final, a colposcopia normal ou a presença de cervicite confirmada por biópsia foram classificadas como colo normal. Para análise estatística foram calculados o odds ratio (OR), com intervalo de confiança em 95%, e foi traçada uma curva "receiver operator characteristic" (ROC). RESULTADOS: As biópsias cervicais mostraram NIC2 ou 3 em 11% dos casos, igualmente distribuídas entre as mulheres encaminhadas por causa da presença de células escamosas atípicas ou lesão intra-epitelial de baixo grau. A CHII foi positiva em 16% das mulheres com células escamosas atípicas e em 52% daquelas com lesão intra-epitelial de baixo grau (OR = 5,8; IC 95% 1,4 a 26,7). Entre as mulheres com CHII positiva, 7% tinham cérvice normal, 73% NIC 1 (OR = 6,3; IC 95% 1,8 a 23,8) e 20% tinham NIC2 ou 3 (OR = 33,0; IC 95% 4,2 a 347,8). Na análise da curva ROC para CH II, diagnosticando NIC2 e 3, a área sob a curva foi de 0,784 e o ponto de corte da carga viral de 10.0 URL mostrou sensibilidade de 77% e especificidade de 70%. A segunda colpocitologia mostrando ao menos células escamosas atípicas não apresentou boa performance na detecção NIC 2 ou 3 (OR = 6,4%; IC 95% 1,0 a 50,9). CONCLUSÕES: A carga viral do DNA-HPV de alto risco oncológico foi significativamente associada com o diagnóstico de NIC2 e 3 em mulheres encaminhadas por detecção de células escamosas atípicas e lesão intra-epitelial escamosa de baixo grau na colpocitologia.CONTEXT: Human papillomavirus (HPV) viral load may have an important role in predicting high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in women with cervical smears showing atypical squamous cells or LSIL. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the assessment of the viral load of high-risk HPV DNA is useful in predicting the detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2 and 3) in women referred because of cervical smears showing only atypical squamous cells or LSIL. TYPE OF STUDY: Cross-sectional SETTING: Colposcopy Clinic in a University hospital. METHODS: A series of 119 women referred because of atypical squamous cells or LSIL between August 2000 and April 2001 were included. All women were subjected to a new cervical smear, HPV testing for the high-risk types using hybrid capture II (HCII), viral load measurement in relative light units (RLU) and colposcopy, with cervical biopsies (n = 97). Cervical lesions were graded using the CIN classification. RESULTS: Cervical biopsies revealed CIN2 or CIN3 in 11% of the cases, equally among women referred because of atypical squamous cells or LSIL. The HCII test was positive in 16% of women with atypical squamous cells and 52% of those with LSIL (OR = 5.8; 95% CI 1.4 to 26.7). There was strong correlation between CIN2 or CIN3 and positivity for HPV DNA when this group was compared with women with only CIN1 or normal cervix (OR = 7.8; 95% CI 1.5 to 53.4). In ROC analysis for HCII in diagnosing CIN2 and CIN3, the area under the ROC curve was 0.784, and the viral load cutoff point of 10.0 RLU/cutoff presented 77% sensitivity and 73% specificity. Second cytology showing at least atypical squamous cells did not accurately detect CIN2 or CIN3 (OR = 6.4; 95% CI 1.0 to 50.9). The sensitivities of the second cervical smear and HCII were similar, although the specificity of HCII was significantly higher than the second cervical smear. CONCLUSIONS: The viral load of high-risk HPV types was significantly associated with the diagnosis of CIN2 or CIN3 in women referred because of atypical squamous cells and LSIL abnormalities in their cervical smear.[Santos, André Luis Ferreira; Derchain, Sophie Françoise Mauricette; Martins, Marcos Roberto; Sarian, Luís Otávio Zanatta; Martinez, Edson Zangiacome; Syrjänen, Kari Juhani] Universidade de Taubaté, BrazilSantos, André Luis Ferreira; Derchain, Sophie Françoise Mauricette; Martins, Marcos Roberto; Sarian, Luís Otávio Zanatta; Martinez, Edson Zangiacome; Syrjänen, Kari Juhani] National Health Institute, ItalySantos, André Luis Ferreira; Derchain, Sophie Françoise Mauricette; Martins, Marcos Roberto; Sarian, Luís Otávio Zanatta; Martinez, Edson Zangiacome; Syrjänen, Kari Juhani] Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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